Deontological Libertarianism

We have all heard of this concept and we know what it means, and the Libertarian Party takes this notion for everything that it is worth. They support any policy that is tantamount to a weaker national government. You can almost think of them as the Anti-Federalists of the modern era. Government regulations, government restrictions and government taxation are deplored by Libertarians nationwide. Government involvement in the daily lives of citizens is what they desire to end, along with government control over the citizens’ income. Likewise, they also do not support Government programs or funding designed to better the lives of the people. Their ultimate goal is for the government to have as little control with as little power as possible in today’s day and age. This belief in hands off government is indirectly contrary to the views of Jill Stein. Since she is passionate in her desire to protect the planet and undo the damage done to it, she is quite obviously against this concept. The big steps she wants to take towards achieving her goals cannot be done without much government involvement. Regulations would need to be established and restrictions would need to be placed, and they must be enforced by a well-funded, strong central government for her plans to have a tangible effect. This is the key difference between Jill Stein and Gary Johnson. They have platforms that conflict with one another, which makes them different from each other as

Libertarians are often confused with Anarchists because both have anti-government and pro-individual views. These opinions are reinforced when the party 's primary election issues seem to revolve around what the government shouldn 't be doing, as opposed to what it can do to make the country, and even the world, a better place. For example, ask any Libertarian and they will tell you that a strong federal government is crucial to the protection of life and liberty. Where Libertarians veer away from the other major political parties is that we believe the military should only be used when the nation is in immediate peril and not for “police actions” or “nation-building.”

Libertarian conceptions of justice hold liberty to be the ultimate moral ideal. Libertarians believe the “laissez-faire capitalism” to be the only just economic system because it is based on individual rights. Libertarians believe that each person is in control of their own life and possessions and has the right to make their own choices on how they live it. They feel that everyone has the right to live his life in any way they choose just as long as they are respecting the equal rights of others. Philosopher John Hospers also supports the Libertarian outlook and says that “laws requiring people to help one another (example – welfare payments) rob Peter to pay Paul.”

Locke’s arguments for liberty sound familiar today, but he believed that one must choose between liberty and equality. Locke’s argument that any government which did not admit to the principles of freedom ceased to be legitimate especially appealed.

Each action we take as humans determines our personal character and ethical theories guide us and teach us right from wrong (Mosser, 2013).

The problem with the belief that people are morally responsible, for what they do and act, revolves around humans not actually having free will because their actions are already determined. When people make decisions or perform actions, they usually feel as if they are choosing freely. The decisions people make are the direct results of their desires; past experiences; personality; psychological traits; and needs and wants. Determinism is the view that if an event has happened, given the previous state of the universe and the laws of nature, then it is impossible that it could not have occurred (304). Libertarianism is the belief that the universe is not determined and that humans possess free will. Kane, the supporter of libertarianism, claimed

Libertarians want to be free and rule over their own lives, “One who advocates maximizing individual rights and minimizing the role of the state” (The Advocates). They do not want to sacrifice their own self for the benefit of another, but respect an individuals’ rights. The first traces of libertarianism were found in ancient China, Greece and Israel. It began to develop into what we have now by the seventeenth and eighteenth century. Libertarians see that each individual is the basic unit of society, each of them make choices and are responsible for their own life. However, libertarianism is not the belief that people can do as they please whenever, but rather that each individual can chase their goals and respects the lives and choices of

Anarchy- it is when government is absent from freedom and their rights but not with a political ideal

Freedom requires sacrifices. For instance, our government requires us to surrender some of our freedoms in order to be governed (Janda, Berry and Goldman). In doing this, our government is able to maintain order. Without this order, “people would live as predators do, stealing and killing fro their personal benefit” (Janda, Berry and Goldman). Many groups have different ideas on how the governments power should balance out. Conservatives, liberals, and moderates all have different ideologies. An ideology is a system of ideas or ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

In his book “Anarchy, state and utopia”, Nozick provides a moral defense for Libertarianism, which is traditionally defined as “the advocacy of individual liberty,

Nozick 's version of libertarianism says that what is controlled in society should be limited to what are the essentials to keep society together. A majority of the services and basics that people require to live can be provided by the private sector and not by the state that lead to unjust in the distribution of goods and services. The services that should be left to the government according to Nozick’s belief are those of security such as the police and military and the enforcement of common laws. These services are the basic essentials to what society needs to function with the most liberty being passed on to the people. The private sector which consist of the majority of the population will be the determining factor in deciding how services should be best executed to fit their needs and desires. In terms of distribution Nozick believes that redistribution is unjust for the reason that it is forced labor on the working people who in most cases do not consent to the redistribution of their wealth. Nozick states in his view on Libertarianism that “People have the right to Liberty” which in this case people should have the liberty to choose how their earnings are distributed. Furthermore, according to Nozick, Libertarianism should reject the redistribution of personal wealth. This statement is focus more of the earnings of people. Having a state that has an uncontrolled power over the distribution of one 's wealth can result in a structure that allows others to benefit off

The Libertarian Philosophy that Robert Nozick advocates in his seminal works Anarchy, State and Utopia delves deeply into the concepts of distributive justice and equality we, humanity, are entitled to. Nozick emphasises the effectiveness of the minimal state as a political system that is successful in ensuring the traditional libertarian view of negative liberty that secures what Nozick believes to be our inalienable rights. Quite clearly Nozick is a supporter of minimal interference from a governing body over people as it infringes on their ability to live freely. Whilst, ‘taxation is on a par with forced labour,’ can be initially interpreted as a bold and sweeping statement is in fact, once evaluated in relation to the libertarian view

Living in complete freedom is the philosophy that guides anarchism. The rediscovering of anarchist philosophy inundated the minds of British youth in the 1970s who felt that the British government was suppressing thier freedom with frivolous laws. There are several schools of anarchism such as anarchist-communism, collectivist anarchism, social anarchism, individualist anarchism, and mutualism. Nevertheless, it is the idea of living in total freedom that is the foundation that connects each school. Emma Goldman the author of Anarchism and Other Essays defines “ANARCHISM:-- [sic]The philosophy of a new social order based on liberty unrestricted by man-made law; the theory that all forms of government rest on violence, and are therefore wrong

There is a section in the book that states libertarianism as the right to do whatever we want with the things we own, provided we respect others people’s rights to do the same. This concept says that the government would only interfere with contracts, private property protection from theft, and keeping peace in society as written in the this chapter about the concept of libertarianism. Controversies such as gay marriage, abortion, recreational drugs, and prostitution would all be allowed. However, the weak spot is that important laws such

In this type of authority persons in authority act in accordance to their duties, code of conduct, rules and regulations.