Deoxyribonucleic Acid, Or Dna Is A Genetic Code That Determines

DNA is useful for it can solve crimes and help people know who their parents

DNA is the genetic material that makes up the characteristics of all living organisms. While all human DNA is very similar in nature, there is just enough differences in

Each human being has something called DNA. DNA is described as genetics and an extremely long macromolecule that is the main component of chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic characteristics in all life forms. DNA constructs of two nucleotide strands coiled around each other in a ladder like arrangement with the sidepieces composed of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units and the rungs composed of the purine and pyrimidine bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Each chromosome consist of one continuous thread-like molecule of DNA coiled tightly around proteins and contains a portion of the 6,400,000,000 basepairs that make up your DNA.

wonder what exactly is DNA? DNA is a term used for deoxyribonucleic acid and it

DNA is a molecule that has a repeating chain of identical five-carbon sugars (polymers) linked together from head to tail. It is composed of four ring shaped organic bases (nucleotides) which are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T). It has a double helix shape and contains the sugar component deoxyribose.

Every person has his or her own unique sets of DNA. DNA is a molecule that holds the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of organisms. The DNA coding is needed to produce proteins. These proteins are needed to catalyze reactions for cell replication. Furthermore, multiple cells create different body systems in order to maintain homeostasis.

DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that carries the instructions for reproduction, growth, development, and functioning for all known living organisms.

As it gradually progresses to be a more improved and powerful tool in the Criminal Justice system, it should inarguably be believed that this form of forensic evidence remains as the only reliable source for providing just outcomes in a case. This technique can be discerningly used to identify criminals and exonerate wrongly-accused individuals with tremendous accuracy due to DNA’s biology to pinpoint specific suspects, it’s unique processes and the many databases it possesses. With all things considered, DNA technology has become increasingly vital to provide fairness and accuracy in the Criminal

DNA Fingerprinting, also known as DNA Profiling, is a method used to identify a person using DNA patterns that are specific to him/her. 99.9% of DNA is identical in every human being, but .01% is enough to distinguish between people. It is most commonly used in criminal cases to link a criminal to his/her crime scene, but is also used for paternity/maternity tests, and immigration records. Usually a skin, hair, or body fluid sample is collected from a crime scene or criminal or test candidate, then DNA is extracted and cut using enzymes that recognize patterns in DNA and run through a gel by an electric current in a process called electrophoresis (Annely).

Gene Mutations: A gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. Mutations can vary in size from a single DNA building block (Fig 2) to a large section of a chromosome. Gene mutations occur in two ways, either they can be inherited from a parent or attained during a person’s lifetime. Mutations that are passed from parent to child are called hereditary mutations. This type of mutation is present throughout a person’s life in practically every cell in the body. Mutations that take place only in an egg can cause genetic disorders when a family has no history of the ailment. Environmental factors such as radiation (Fig 8) can cause acquired mutations in the DNA

Genetic mutations are permanent changes in a DNA sequences that makes up a gene. The majority of disease-causing gene mutations are unusual in the overall population. The two major classifications of gene mutations are hereditary and somatic mutations. Hereditary mutations are immediately inherited from a parent and exist throughout a person’s life. If the DNA from the sperm or egg cell contains a mutation, the resulting fertilized egg will also inherited the mutation. Somatic mutations occur by either environmental factors or when an error appears during DNA replication. Unlike hereditary mutations, a somatic mutation will not be present in every cell. Mutations typically have a negative connotation; however, they are not always harmful,

Altering the DNA sequence is the primary source of all genetic disparity. The allelic variants that arise from one generation mutating which then are transmitted to make evolution possible. According to the Genetics Home Reference (2014), “a gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence within a given gene”. These mutations can vary greatly as they range in size. There are two main ways in which these mutations can occur. They are referred to as inherited mutations and point mutations. An inherited mutation is a gene mutation which is passed through family or generations it is inherited when the DNA of a cell carries a change that has been passed down from the mother or father of the person. This mutation is due to heredity. People

DNA fingerprinting is a technique that is used to determine how likely it is whether genetic material came from a specific person or family group. Since 99% of human DNA is identical, that means that it is only 1% of our DNA which is different, and it is that 1% that we look at when we are attempting to determine the origin of a DNA sample.

DNA is a hereditary material, or molecule that gives an organism the things it needs in order to live, survive, develop and reproduce. It’s made of of molecules, called nucleotides. Every nucleotide has a sugar group and nitrogen base. The nitrogen base has four different bases, adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. The way these four bases line up determines the DNA’s genetic code. The way the bases in the DNA forms genes, is by telling the cell to make proteins. DNA has to be coiled tightly inside of the cell, because it is so long. Being coiled so tightly creates a wall on the outside of the cell, called a chromosome. A chromosome is a thread like structure of a nucleic acid and proteins found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying

Point Mutation: is a nucleotide base change in the DNA that is caused by mutation. It may result in the loss, addition or substitution of a nucleotide. Where a single nucleotide base in the DNA strand is altered.