Dependent Edema Case Study Essay

S.P. is admitted to the orthopedic ward. She has fallen at home and she has sustained an intracapsular fracture of the hip at the femoral neck. The following history is obtained from her: She is a 75-year-old widow with three children living nearby. Her father died of cancer at age 62; mother died of heart failure at age 79. Her height is 5’3 and weighs 118 pounds. She has a 50 pack year smoking history and denies alcohol use. She has severe Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and had an upper GI bleed in 1993 and had Coronary Artery Disease with CABG 9 months ago. Since that time, she has engaged in “very mild exercise at home.” Vital signs are 128/60, 98, 14, 99 degree farenheight (32.7 degrees C) SAO2 94%

When I entered the client’s room for wound care; I saw that she was on her bed, in semi-fowler position with the bottom of the bed elevated as well. I pressed the bed remote to bring the bottom of the bed down and straight. We had everything ready on the table for the procedure; we washed our hands and wore PPE, gloves. Client’s legs were very stiff and contracted, we tried to extend but it didn’t work. It was documented on client’s chart that she has severe contracture which “is an abnormal flexion and fixation of a joint caused by muscle atrophy and shortening” (LeMone, p. 1330). When I assisted client with passive ROM exercises before wound care, it was very difficult to straighten her legs. We perform aseptic technique for cleaning and dressing the wound. We placed extra bed pad under client’s leg and I used the

How would Ed’s blood help protect him from a foreign invader such as the one now in his system?

Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs when there is a long period of inactivity of the muscles or defects in motor neuron's (Reilly, Beau 2015). Defects in the motor neurons that stimulate the muscle cause the muscle mass to decrease as proteins that initiate contractions of muscle dissipate. Stimulus is not transferred to the weakened muscle fibers effectively, reducing the contractile force possible for generation from the stimulus. Muscle mass increases upon recovery, as restimulation of the muscle enlarges fiber size, thus a greater contractile force can be generated from the stimulus.

The patient may have a hard time breathing because she is in pain after having surgery. Since they patient doesn’t want to breath due to the pain it can cause atelectasis and later sepsis if not treated in time. It would be important to teach the patient about splinting and to use an incentive spirometry in order to help her be able to breath. Another risk factor for the patient not being able to oxygenate would be hypovolemia since there is less blood volume which can also lead to less oxygen being able to travel in the blood or able to perfuse throughout the body.

The agenda was quite clear that during their observations the recovery showed needs were decreased according to age and BMI. They stated older patients were in need of more assistance and longer stay in the hospital as opposed to younger adults. I found it interesting that they saw patients with bilateral knees had decreased needs and that unilateral were in need of more assistance before discharge. Managing pain was their first priority during research and rehabilitation, followed by instructing care of their own surgical wound. The aim of this study was to actively reinforce assessment and management after this procedure and giving guidance to those in health care.

Many patients admitted to the stroke and orthopedic rehabilitation unit have impaired physical mobility. The length of time in rehabilitation is ten to fourteen days. Many times nurses, patients and family members form bonds that last long after the discharge. I recently had the opportunity to take care of a patient I will never forget. Mrs. C was admitted to the rehabilitation unit following recent hip surgery. She is eighty years old and had fallen raking leaves in her front yard. Mrs. C has a history of hypertension, arthritis and gout. Medications include aspirin, metoprolol and allopurinol as needed. Prior to admission Mrs. C lived independently and has two children who checked on her routinely. No cognitive or mental deficits are noted. Key parts of this paper include the introduction, NANDA, NIC and NOC elements, data, information, knowledge and wisdom and the conclusion.

Physical rest, nutrition and exercise are some of these needs and if denied, the body will eventually become too exhausted to function properly. The most common symptoms of this are fatigue not relieved with sleep, insomnia and irritability. If left untreated, physical exhaustion can lead to physical ailments such as dizziness, colds, headaches, chronic pain, and digestive problems and even impaired functioning of other body systems. (Espeland, 2006, p. 180)

Another common symptom is pitting. When you squeeze the affected part of your body, essentially you displace the water accumulated there, resulting in an indentation that persists after you lift your hand. The indentation will remain for some amount of

In the case of Anne Morrell there are several normal physiologically changes that impact her quality of life. Anne is experiencing normal aging related changes to her musculoskeletal system. Changes in musculoskeletal tissue occur through the loss of muscle mass and strength which replace lean body mass which fat and fibrous tissue. These changes in tissue cause a decrease in contractile muscle force with increased weakness and fatigue (Boltz, Capezuti, Fulmer, & Zwicker, 2012). As discussed in her case study she reports back pain when standing or walking for longer than 15 minutes, needs assistance with steps, ambulates with a cane since she fell last year which affects her mobility and ability to perform her activities of daily living. This loss in Anne’s muscle function greatly increases her chance of falls and she also has an increased risk for disability.

Teaching the importance of activity and exercise has a huge significance to the patient especially she undergone surgery, left knee arthroplasty. Lack of adequate knee exercise after surgery will lead to various complications that are dangerous and life threatening such as deep vein thrombosis, stroke and pulmonary embolism. Another complication that is associated with inadequate movement of the limbs and extremities is muscle contracture (LeMone et.al, 2011 p 142). Patient has a high risk of developing these complications. We wanted to educate the patient about these so that we could lower her risk at some point. We believe that even when patient is lying down on the bed, she can do a lot of things to improved her health and prevent

Thankfully, it is hard for most people to imagine a tiredness and weakness of body that would keep one confined to a bed. There are people today who have lived a very active lifestyle for years and have suddenly found themselves burdened by a feeling of bodily weariness they never knew was possible. It all happens so swiftly and surprisingly that many are terrified by these changes taking place.

Merely not using a person’s body is harmful. Not being active results in a person’s muscles becoming weak and out of condition. The effectiveness of a person’s heart and lungs will decrease. A person’s joints will become stiff and can be injured easily. Inactivity can be as much of a health risk as smoking. In addition children have become extremely lazy with all the

Since the body does not have the requirements to function in optimal way, individuals start feeling weak, but they don’t understand why; The body is being forced; In consequence, It has no power to function, and they may be exercising or just keeping on task, doing the activities they are used to, but it will be a difference in the way they feel.

A medical problem a person may develop due to their inactivity and poor diet is a hypokinetic disease. According to the Oxford Dictionary of Sports and Medicine, the definition of hypokinetic disease is “a disease brought on, at least in part, by insufficient movement and exercise. Hypo kinesis has been identified as an independent risk factor for the origin and progression of several widespread chronic diseases, including coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and lower back pain.” In other words, hypokinetic disease can also be referred to as obesity. Other risk factors they may evolve in this disease is cancer in the gastric, breast, and renal area.