Depreciation of Property, Plant and Equipment

ASC 360-10 provides guidance on accounting for property, plant, and equipment, and the related accumulated depreciation on those assets. This Subtopic also includes guidance on the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. ASC 360-10 notes that long-lived tangible assets include land and land improvements, buildings, machinery and equipment, and furniture and fixtures.

Since there is a contractual liability for the lessee to perform general repair and maintenance, the maintenance requirement provision may be assumed as a present economic obligation, not just a future commitment. If the fair value estimate of future maintenance expense can be measured with sufficient reliability, the provision may lead to recognition of an accrued liability for the repair and maintenance performance obligation at the inception of the lease. The accrued liability for the repair and maintenance can be reversed when payment is made or liability is created through the performance of the required repair and maintenance.

First, on the basis of assumptions underlying the acceleration of the Company’s strategy refocus, management projects a decline in the net cash flows for the A2 Americas segment. As a result, in the third quarter of 2010, management has tested the long-lived assets of this segment for recoverability. They recorded a pretax impairment charge of $1.76 billion in cost of sales.

1. The first step to evaluating the cash flows is to conduct the depreciation tax flow analysis. Depreciation is not a cash flow, but the depreciation expense lows the taxes payable for the company. As a result, the tax effect of deprecation needs to be calculated as a cash flow. There are two depreciable items on the company's balance sheet the building and the equipment. The equipment is known to have a seven year depreciable life, which will be assumed to be straight line. The building is also assumed to be subject to straight line depreciation, this time of forty years. The tax saving reflects the depreciation expense multiplied by the tax rate, which in this case is assumed to be 28%. The following table illustrates the tax effect in future dollars of the depreciation expense:

c. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is determined by asset category as follows: Buildings and improvements (5 – 40 years); Store fixtures and equipment (3 – 15years), Leasehold improvements (Shorter of initial lease term or asset life); Capitalized software (3 – 7 years).

In performing its analysis for impairment of assets at year-end, management of Happy Chicken determined that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. As a result, management developed an estimate of the fair value of the location using a discounted cash flow model. The estimated fair value of the location was determined to be $1.5 million, which resulted in an impairment loss of about $500,000. The undiscounted future cash flows are equal to $1.7 million.

The authoritative guidance for asset impairment is to ensure that impairment is recorded and dealt with as depreciation. The scope of the standard is writing off of assets and depreciation. According to the guidance of 360-10-35, it address how long-lived assets that are intended to be held and used in an entity’s business shall be reviewed for impairment. The impairment loss can only be recognized if the carrying amount of a long-lived assets is not recoverable and

If these estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment charge is recognized for the excess, if any, of the asset’s carrying value over its estimated fair value.

At the lease commencement, finance leases are capitalised at the fair value of the leased property, otherwise the present value of the minimum lease payments if lower (MHI, 2014). Other short term and long term payables include the relevant rental obligations and net of finance charges (MHI, 2014). Every lease payment is apportioned between the liability and finance charges (MHI, 2014). The finance cost is indicated in the comprehensive income statement for the lease period as well as to generate a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period (MHI, 2014). During the lease term, the depreciation is considered for the useful life of the asset such as the property, plant and equipment assigned under finance leases (MHI, 2014). The portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are persevered by the lessor are categorized as operating leases for leases (MHI, 2014). For the period of the lease, all payments made under operating leases less any incentives from lessor are indicated in the comprehensive income statement on a straight-line basis (MHI,

After calculating the fair value of Snowy Ridge’s assets it was necessary to test for impairment. Impairment was tested by comparing the carrying value of each asset to its fair value (see table 2). The carrying value of marketable securities as of June 30th was $4,500,000. The current fair value of marketable securities was found to be 4,565,000, a positive difference of$ 65,000. Changes in marketable securities are reported even without impairment, thus an adjustment was made (see table 3). The carrying value of the mountain division as of June 30th was $12,360,000. The current fair

The determinants of Starbucks profitability over time are variable costs and fixed costs. “A variable cost is a cost that change in direct proportion to a change in the level of activity (dict). Variable costs for Starbucks would include labor, coffee beans, dairy, and plastic products. A fixed cost is indirect costs of business expenses that remain unchanged (dict). Fixed costs for Starbucks include rent, taxes, and insurance as well as advertising. In the figure below (fig 1) we have Starbucks financial data in millions for the year of 2015. This includes their operating expenses, net revenues, such as company-operated stores, licensed stores, CPG, food service. It also includes their total net revenues and their balance sheet. As we can see “Operating costs dropped in the fiscal year

American Eagle Outfitters Inc. uses straight-line method to find depreciation of plant and property. The estimated useful lives of its buildings is at 25 years while its leasehold improvements and fixtures and equipment have estimated useful lives of lesser of 10 years or the term of the lease and 5 years, respectively. The cost of property and equipment for the fiscal year ending February 1, 2014 was $1,594,360,000 and its book value was $632,986,000. For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2015, the cost was $1,684,709,000 and the book value was $694,856,000. The depreciation expense trend for the past three years was generally upwards. While depreciation expense decreased by $5,995,000 from fiscal year 2013 to fiscal year 2014, it increased by $15,768,000 from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2015.

In the inventories section, they are directed at the lower of cost (primarily moving average cost) or market. Starbucks records inventory reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventory and for estimated shrinkage between physical inventory counts. According to trends, inventory reserves are based on inventory obsolescence, historical experience and application of the specific identification method. As of September 27, 2015 and September 28, 2014, inventory reserves were $33.8 million and $31.2 million, respectively. We see that the carrying amount (lower of cost or market) as of the balance sheet date of inventories less all valuation and other allowances. Excludes noncurrent inventory balances (expected to remain on hand past one year or one operating cycle, if longer).

In this assignment, a savvy financial analyst researching companies in which to invest a U.S. publically-traded company that would be a good investment was chosen. After a lengthy search, a company that my family is unduly familiar with, Starbucks, was chosen and in the following pages a financial analysis will be described.

a. the term of the lease exceeds 75% of the asset’s useful life; or b. the present value of the lease exceeds 90% of the asset’s fair value a. is not the case: useful life is 20 years, term of lease is 10 years b. PV of the 10 payments of $ 1 mio at the end of the year with 10% rate is: $ 6.144 mio (see table PV). That is 95% of the value of the asset of $ 6.5 mio