Depression In Canada Essay

“Recent data estimate the overall prevalence of depression at about 11.1% of the American population, or nearly 35 million individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). A predictive models suggest that up to 50% of the population will experience at least one episode of depression during their lives” (Life Extension, 2014). Depression has negatively affected the lives of many individuals throughout the world. Look around you there may even be someone close to you that is demonstrating signs of its stifling affects. Depression does not discriminate with its suffocating

The term "exercise", has been used interchangeably with “physical activity” (Taylor, 1983). Physical exercise implies a regular, structured, leisure-time pursuit (Salmon, 2001). The overwhelming evidence confirms that exercises contribute to mood improvement (Salmon, 2001). As for the definition of depression, it is a psychological state and mental disorder associated with feelings of sadness or hopelessness, and sometimes loss of interest in interaction with people or the activities that the person like (Landers, 1997).

The term "mental illness" refers to a wide range of disorders that affect one's mood, thinking, and behaviour. Depression is among the most common mental illnesses (Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-term Care, 2009). Depression is much more than simple unhappiness, it can be defined as an intense feeling of sadness and worthlessness that lasts for more than two weeks and for most of one's day. Symptoms include lack of motivation, difficulty concentrating, as well as many other symptoms which can have repercussions socially, professionally, and in other significant areas of one's life (Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2012). According to Health Canada (2009), twenty-seven percent of Canadians will experience depression in the course

In her article “Depressingly Easy” Dr.Lamberts discusses why depression is a serious issue. She argues that younger people are more likely to experince depression, since rates continue to increase. Our brains are the same size as the earliest humans, but our day to day tasks have changed drastically. Researchers have yet to find convincing evidence that serotonin imbalances is the cause of depression, and despite the numerous treatment options available today, depression rates are higher than ever.

James et al. (2007) noticed exercise has showed similar effect like antidepressant medication in reducing symptoms of depression in over 156 older MDD patients in his research study. They used graded treadmill exercise testing to check the fitness levels of all the patients before treatment . Researchers compared the effect of exercise on the symptoms of patient’s depression by involving participants in 4 groups .One group is under supervision and the other group involved in a home based program. The other two groups were under antidepressant medications Both exercise groups participated in 30minutes aerobic session such as walking or jogging on a treadmill including 10mins warm up at the beginning and 5 mins cool down at the end. james also mentioned that all the participants were monitored 3 times during their exercise session by checking their heart rates manually via radial pulses, along with ratings of perceived exertion and the home-based exercise group have been followed up by an exerxise physiologist monthly and taking feedback via phone calls every week in the first month and therafter

An exercise-based approach to depression treatment should show a large remission rate, of about 40% of patients, after just 16 weeks of physical activity (Blumenthal et al., 2007, p. 8). Along with this, in a study by Blumenthal et al. (2007) published in Psychosomatic Medicine, some study participants experienced a 50% reduction in depression symptoms after just the first week of treatment through physical activity (p. 9). So, in some cases this treatment may be extremely quick in producing results and otherwise will still be effective after just four

Since behavior implications is one of the common associations with depression. One must learn to change behavior to overcome the illness. It is clear that the case has been constructed around the impact of exercise reducing the risk of physical health problems such as CAD, some cancers, obesity, diabetes, and to a lesser extent musculo-skeletal problems such as low back pain and osteoporosis.(Biddle, Fox, Boutcher) To date, much less attention has been paid to the contribution of exercise to the prevention and treatment of the increasingly burgeoning problem of mental disorders, illnesses, and general mental malaise.(Biddle, Fox, Boutcher) Since the out booming influence of physical exercise to achieve optimal health, the focus has been on the productive effects towards physical health and attention has been overlooked towards the benefit in mental ailments.

We looked at the data regarding Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) from four countries and compared it with the data from the United States. The countries are Canada, United Kingdom, Australia and Mexico. For Canada, we referred to the study Descriptive Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder in Canada in 2012. In this study, they used a survey called Canadian Community Health Study - Mental Health (CCHS-MH) to evaluate Major Depressive Disorder among their participants. CCHS-MH is an adaptation of the World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostics. They had a sample of 25, 113 individuals who went through a computer assisted personal interviewer. Their participants were at least

The link between exercise and its effects on peoples mood-state has long been questioned. Only recently has evidence been obtained supporting this proposed claim. Studies contributed by Berger and Motl assert that ‘there is a strong consensus that mood enhancement is benefitted by physical activity”. Hansen, Steven and Coast also develop the idea that Psychical activity can play a key role in enhancing Mood by decreasing confusion and increasing vigour and total mood. Both these studies provide data based on verifiable studies that support the notion that exercising improves ones mood. Environmental influences may also be influential in physical activities effect on

Of primary concern to epidemiologists is the identity of the demographic preferentially affected by a health issue and whether genetics plays a role (Rossignol, 2007, p. 2). Environmental and genetic factors can sometimes interact to increase or decrease susceptibility to a health risk. Integral to this interaction is the precise agent that precipitates a disease or injury. These three concerns, a permissive environment, susceptible host, and causative agent, designates the main considerations epidemiological researchers must face when investigating a health issue. Another way of looking at this epidemiological triangle is in terms of the right place, right person, and right time. These three criteria help guide epidemiologists when faces with investigating a health issue.

Depression historically affects roughly 10% or more of the elderly population. However, this number is not exact because many cases of depression are undiagnosed. For those that are diagnosed, a major problem in the primary care setting is the inability to properly treat depression. Because older adults are more likely to have other health issues, the symptoms of depression can be overlooked or untreated because they are believed to be attributed to a different disorder or health issue. This mental disorder can cause emotional suffering which often causes inadequate functioning in day to day life. Those with depression often exhibit poorer function when compared to those with chronic medical conditions. A mental disorder that imitates depression

Major depression, also known as unipolar depression, is one of the most common mental illnesses. Over nine million adults each year suffer from depression. Many people don’t understand what depression really is, including myself until I did a lot of research over this subject. Major depression is more than a temporary state of being sad. It is a persistent state that can significantly impair an individual’s thoughts, behavior, daily activities, and physical health. According to The Stanford School of Medicine, they said that “major depressive disorder impacts all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups and can occur at any age.” (Depression Research Clinic) Depression is a common, but serious illness that can occur in people of all ages; teenagers, adults, and older adults. Depression is a condition that reportedly affects one in every ten Americans at some point in their lives. The incidence of depression is actually higher in some states than others. Certain ethnicities also report higher depression rates than others. According to Healthline, “the number of patients diagnosed with depression increases by approximately 20% each year.” (Healthline) In the United States, Oklahoma, Arizona, Tennessee, West Virginia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama have the highest reported rates of depression. These states also show high rates of other negative health outcomes such as obesity, heart disease,

The group age which was chosen for the survey was between 15 to 74 in seven cycles and last about 2 years per cycles. According to Smith and Bielecky (2012), study was based on the first variable by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form for Major Depression (CIDI-SFMD), a structured diagnostic interview tool designed to assess major depression in population-based surveys. This study was started in 1994 and ended in 2005 by the Canadian NPHS. The portray that was presented in this article

Heissel, A., Vesterling, A., White, S. A., Kallies, G., Behr, D., Arafat, A. M., Reischies, F.

Stanton et al. (2013) states that exercise performed three times weekly and of moderate intensity is beneficial in treating depression. These types of aerobic exercises include the treadmill, outdoor walking, stationary cycle, or elliptical. This specific intervention lasted four to twelve weeks. With the Hallgren et. al study, participants were assigned to a supervised group exercise; at the 12-month follow-up, the response rate of decreased depression symptoms was 84% (2016). Although Schuch et al. (2016) found that aerobic exercise improved depression symptoms, it was also found that anaerobic exercise decreased depressive symptoms as well. The exercises can be group based, mixed supervised and unsupervised, and include people who have comorbidities (Schuch et al., 2016).