Depressive Disorder Case Study

Clearly Vera has Major Depressive Disorder. According to the DSMV the person has to meet at least 5 of the 8 points for period in the criteria 2 weeks period and Vera fits the criteria. Vera has had the following symptoms for more than six weeks.

A major depressive episode is not a disorder in itself, but rather more of a description or symptoms of part of a disorder most often depressive disorder or bipolar. A person suffering from a major depressive episode must have a depressed mood or a loss of interest in daily activities consistently for a minimum of a two-week time span (Psych Central, 2013). In diagnosing the mood must reflect a change from the person’s normal mood. A person’s daily activities and functions, such as work, social routines and friends, education, family, and relationships must also have been negatively impacted by the change in their mood. A major depressive episode is also identified by presence of five or more of the following symptoms. The patient can show signs of significant weight loss or weight gain even not dieting or trying to lose or gain weight. The patient will also display a change in appetite almost everyday, either with an increase or a decrease in their normal eating habits. The weight change is typically set at an increase or decrease in weight of more than 5% per month. The patient will display a depressed mood almost the entire day and this sadness, emptiness, loneliness, crying, and distant is observed by others or indicted by the patient, is typically

The diagnosis of Major depressive disorder and Borderline personality disorder (BPD) are entirely accurate, as Diana’s behaviour epitomizes the characteristics and diagnostic features of both disorders. As outlined in the DSM-5, Diana exemplifies symptoms warranting a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as she displays the presence of five or more specified symptoms while having no prior history of mania. Diana exhibits the diagnostically required symptoms of frequent depressed mood, diminished interest in normal activities, and recurring suicidal thoughts/attempts, resulting in considerable distress and impairment. (APA, 2013, p. 160-161). In addition to fitting the diagnostic criteria, Diana demonstrates marked deficits in areas of functioning. Most strikingly Diana typifies emotional symptoms common in unipolar depression including prolonged and severe unhappiness, crying spells, and a general sense of hopelessness. Diana also displays

Helen is a non drug user that repetitively goes through several week periods of racing thoughts, abnormal energetic disposition, lack of normal eating or sleeping, talking quickly, and putting herself in potential dangerous situations. This period can be described as a Manic or Hypomanic episode. Later, she enters to what qualifies as a Major Depressive Episode. She describes it as a period that may last

Helen recurrent mood episodes and suicidal ideation needs to be addressed immediately. Her moods episodes

Irritability and sleep disturbances f. Clinical distresses in her day-to-day work activities, social problems in relationships and other essential areas of functioning. 4. We recommend medical (pharmaceutical) and individual psychotherapy treatments including cognitive techniques such as deep breathing exercises, and simple relaxation skills. She will learn skills to replace adaptive and calming thoughts for her intrusive and over worrying thoughts and to avoid her unrealistic tendencies to think the worse. There would be self-care options combined with antidepressant treatments prescribed by her medical doctor.

The Sarah self-referred for assessment at am outpatient clinic. She subsequently requested a referral to a psychologist in Chicago, IL. Sarah is a 24-year-old adult Caucasian female who identified as a lesbian. She reported a history of depressive symptoms that have worsened in the last few months. She is seeking treatment for these intensified depressive symptoms. She described having “depression” many years ago, but became evasive when asked to clarify. In addition, she noted a concern with experiencing anger and hostility towards others; she stated that these emotions are “uncomfortable” for her. She clarified that in the past three months she has perceived herself as “grumpier than usual.” She reported having experienced anhedonia, fatigue, and insomnia.

Rationale: Jennifer has been presenting with symptoms for unspecified amount of time. Jennifer meets six of the criteria for symptoms being present during the same 2-week period and represents a change from previous functioning. Jennifer is depressed most of the day, nearly every day, has diminished interest in all or almost all activities most of the days, nearly every day, has fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished ability to think or concentrate, is having recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan. The symptoms have cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, and other functioning areas. There is no know substance or medical condition and occurrence is not better explained by Schizophrenia Spectrum or Psychotic Disorders. Jennifer has never had a manic episode or a hypomanic episode. Possible family history of depression - mother.

There is no indication she has had a manic or hypomanic episode. Her depression may be complicated by grief due to her father’s death one year ago. Her symptoms seem to get worse after his passing.

Audience: Psychiatrists Thesis Statement: Psychiatrists should use a bipolar spectrum in order to thoroughly probe patients for evidence of bipolar II disorder, given the high rate of misdiagnosis. Topic sentence #1: The bipolar spectrum should be used in order to thoroughly probe patients for possible hypomanic symptoms, which frequently go unrecognized with traditional diagnostic techniques. Explanation #1: Some psychiatrists believe that a “black and white” approach is more effective in diagnosing patients, opposed to a spectrum where “softer” forms of bipolar disorder are recognized.

Ellen Waters meets criteria for a diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder (296.89), current episode depressed with atypical features, mild severity. There are several things in her case that make this diagnosis clear. She reports chronic depression throughout her life, but she also describes “highs” consisting of elevated mood lasting for several months at a time during which she functions on little sleep and gets a lot done, runs up high telephones bills talking to people, and experiences racing thoughts. Additionally, she reports that her friends have obviously concerned about her abrupt changes of behavior from her depressive norm, and would often tell her that she needed to slow down or calm down. All of these are consistent with hypomania and she lacks some of the hallmarks of mania—she is still able to function at work and socially for the most part, she has not needed to be hospitalized as a result of her “highs” and she has not experienced any psychosis—thus ruling out a Bipolar I diagnosis. She is currently experiencing a depressed mood and panic attacks, which is the reason why she has been referred for treatment. She states that she was depressed for most of the month prior to this visit.

Based on the DSM-V (2013) diagnostic criteria Keisha experiences Persistent Depressive Disorder 300.4 (F34.1), recurrent, moderate, with early onset. The client experiences the following symptoms: depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated by either subjective accounts (e.g., feels sad, worthless and hopeless) or observation by others (e.g. appears sad, cries), for at least one year (she is an adolescent). In addition, while depressed, there is a presence of the following symptoms: the client experiences poor appetite, she is eating one or two meals per day and lost ten pounds in one year. Keisha also experiences hypersomnia nearly every day by sleeping twelve or more hours per night. The client reports low energy/fatigue very often, even though she is sleeping well during the night. During the one year period of disturbance, the individual has never been without the symptoms in criteria A and B for more than two months at a time. In addition, the criteria for a major depressive disorder has been continuously present for one year. There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have never been met for cyclothymic disorder. Furthermore, the disturbance is not better explained by a persistent schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, delusional disorder, or other specified or

The symptoms of dysthymia are most common with depression. A person with dysthymia however is not likely to suffer from weight and sleep problems in their daily life like patients suffering from depression. Common symptoms are low energy and feelings of helplessness. Just because a patient has low energy and feelings of helplessness dose not mean she has dysthymia the symptoms have to continue for at least two years in order to be diagnosed with dysthymia. Cyclothymic has the same process of diagnosis but a person has to have Episodes that alternate between mild depression and hypomania. Since cyclothymic has dark states of depression and periods of extreme happiness to be diagnosed one also has to have more consistent periods of irritable moods than hypomania. Symptoms of the depressive phase include difficulty making decisions and problems concentrating. This disorder may also face problems with poor memory, guilt, self-criticism and very low self-esteem. Quick temper and poor judgment are also very signification symptoms in cyclothymic disorder. The Symptoms of the hypomanic episode include good mood, cheerfulness and extreme optimism. Other symptoms can include inflated self-esteem, rapid speech even racing thoughts. There have also been patients who suffered this disorder who had problems with aggression, lack of consideration, and

This paper introduces a 35-year-old female who is exhibiting signs of sadness, lack of interest in daily activities and suicidal tendencies. She has no interest in hobbies, which have been very important to her in the past. Her lack of ambition and her suicidal tendencies are causing great concern for her family members. She is also exhibiting signs of hypersomnia, which will put her in dangerous situations if left untreated. The family has great concern about her leaving the hospital at this time, fearing that she may be a danger to herself. A treatment plan and ethical considerations will be discussed.

As it appears on Disco Di’s document she’s currently diagnosed with two distinct types of psychological disorder, first being major depressive disorder, and second being borderline personality disorder. However, the term major depression is only one part of the disorder Disco Di is facing. The type of the disorder in which Disco Di is suffering from, is called mood disorder, and to further narrow it down she’s specifically experiencing what is known as “Bipolar I” that according to DSM-5, is defined as a disorder in which individuals experience cycling episodes of mania and major depression (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Furthermore major depression also in accordance to DSM-5 is marked by chronically low mood which has certain symptoms such as being fatigue, feelings of guilt, and impaired concentration appearing almost every day. In the case of Disco Di, Even though she goes through some of these symptoms, but they are not all the symptoms that she experiences. As it is stated on her document, Disco Di being a cheerful, outgoing 12 year