Deregulation of the Airline Industry

The article was reported in the National Geographic Traveler Magazine in the December 2012/January 2013 issue. Christopher writes about two separate airlines and the potential of what could make or break a person. He used different points to breakdown what airline companies are doing to the economy. He published the article to make people become more conscious thinkers and look at the entire package/company when it comes the cost of booking with an airline. Let’s look at how the customer service, expenses and hospitality play a factor when choosing an airline. The Good versus the Evil in the air.

The United States Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 was a dramatic turning point in America. It was the first systematic dismantling of a comprehensive system of government control since the Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Act unconstitutional in 1935. It was also part of a broader movement that, with varying degrees of thoroughness, transformed such industries as trucking, railroads, buses, cable television, stock exchange brokerage, oil and gas, telecommunications, financial markets, and even local electric and gas utilities. Since the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, the airline industry has experienced significant growth,

In 1936 congress put all commercial airlines under the Railway Labor Act. Since then, there was a period of 42 years under economic regulation where the government oversaw labor relations. Since deregulation, the goals of collective bargaining have not changed much, nor have the objectives of management and labor unions. (Wensveen, 2011, p. 422)

Anna Zhou E Period Linsdell AP Economics: Predatory Pricing and American Airlines This semester in AP Economics, we learned about different pricing strategies, both legal and illegal, that companies use. One in particular, is predatory pricing. Predatory pricing is a strategy businesses use to target competitors and drive them out of the market, along with creating barriers to entry for new businesses. In America, engaging in predatory pricing can lead to antitrust claims against a business; however, it would have to be proven that the business is lowering prices with an ulterior motive of establishing a monopoly and driving competitors out of the market.

Spirit Airlines is actually an economical carrier dominating the industry and it enthusiastically utilizes contributory revenues. Spirit brands itself an Ultra Low Cost Carrier (ULCC) and epitomizes floating on the low-cost. The low-cost and “pleased with it” reaction is now part of Spirit ’s no advertising, marketing cachet. The company was founded in 1964 as Clippert Trucking Company and is incorporated in Michigan. Spirit prides itself on having a few of minimum fares within the air service activity. Spirit further displays itself as a airline that enables customers to decide on precisely what they need to pay related additional products and services such as bags, advance seating option, and snacks. This pricing policy has reached a contentious

The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 had substantial effects on labor relations in the airline industry. Prior to deregulation, airlines experienced stability within the industry; and unions flourished as they gained control in collective bargaining. However, once Congress passed the deregulation law, stability within the airline industry became compromised; and the relationship between labor and management became increasingly strained.

Market structure can be defined as patterns of behaviour by enterprises in an effort to adjust to the markets in which they operate (buy or sell). Pricing strategies and collusive behaviour mergers are a few dimensions of market conduct. It is the industry norm for a legacy carrier to offer service to most popular destinations; Delta reducing routes to a similar schedule as the low-cost airlines is not an option in the multi-billion dollar industry. In order to gain market share from low-cost airlines, Delta must create a value proposition that differentiates itself from its competitors. Many customers will pay a premium if the level of service provided is higher than the low-cost, no-frills

Deregulation of the U.S. airline industry has resulted in ticket prices dropping by a third, on an inflation-adjusted basis. As a result some 1.6 million people fly on 4,000 aircraft every day. Airlines carried 643 million passengers in 1998, a 25% increase over 1993 and the FAA estimates that the nation¡¦s airline system will have to accommodate 917 million passengers by the year 2008. The growth in air travel threatens to overwhelm the presently inadequate air traffic control system, which has not kept pace with available technology in navigation, communications, and flight surveillance. Much of the equipment used for air traffic control today is based on fifty-year-old technology; for example, analog simplex voice links for

On October 24, 1978, President Carter signed into law the Airline Deregulation Act. The purpose of the law was to effectively get the federal government out of the airline business. By allowing the airlines to compete for their customers' travel dollars, was the thinking, that fares would drop and an increased number of routes would spring up.

The airline industry has always been a fiercely competitive sector. Since the invention of low-cost carriers, also known as no-frills or

The airline industry is one that has rapidly evolved both with regards to technology and product offerings. This paper argues that technological advancements, deregulation and competitive pricing and marketing strategies are what have driven change in regards to JetBlue. The paper goes on to explain how each of these factors affects and drives change in the other three. Deregulation occurred to increase competition; competition in turn affects innovation in marketing and pricing as well as technology, yet this process has no specific order with regards to where the change starts as innovation and competition, can then affect the way the market is regulated. The paper begins by giving a history of pricing strategies and how the deregulation that occurred in 1978 revolutionized the business and it's pricing. It then goes on to the industry analysis which discusses how travel agencies affected pricing due to the percentage that they took from sales. Yet with the advent of the Internet, brick and mortar travel agencies became basically obsolete as more and more passengers began choosing the cheaper online alternative. This new technology cut out the middleman, and also allowed airline industries to diminish their own costs by diminishing personnel, as they developed company websites from which the passengers could purchase flight tickets. The Internet also allowed airline companies to develop dynamic pricing models, where they could monitor their competitors'

Airlines use a formula of combining their yield and inventory costs to determine ticket prices. While it is imperative to focus on the idea of being profitable, the focus is to maximize the cost of the flight revenue. One huge factor that encourages an increase in the cost of tickets relates to a customer ordering a ticket close to the departing date, define this as a risk factor because they need to make up for all unsold seats. A high percentage of the revenue is dedicated to overhead costs such as fuel and labor. When a ticket price is higher with one airline than the other, the customer interprets this as being an excessive cost. The demand is greatly affected by the external market

When only a few sellers offer a product with little regard to competition it is called an oligopoly. It is different from a monopoly because multiple corporations are involved, but the effects on the consumer are the same - bad. Although competition is usually in the best interest of the consumer, it is not always in the best interest of the corporation. If we examine the two leading soft drink producers, Coca-cola and Pepsi-cola, we see a prime example of an oligopoly (Zachary, 1999). As things are presently, each of these soft drink companies has about half of the soft drink market, and examined from a world-wide perspective that is a pretty large market. Either one of them, Coke or Pespi, could conceivably lower their prices in

level of 30 years ago (BA Fact Book, 2002). The birth of the low cost

Literature reveals that the globalisation of the airline industry has resulted in easier accessibility across international borders. This has greatly benefited the tourism industries economic sector with a rise of foreign tourists and an increase in global competition (Dwyer, 2015). However the negative effects on the environment are vast with climate change has become a global problem. A swish study proved that out of the countries examined, 50-85% of tourism based emissions are as a result of air transport and therefore if the tourism industry is to reduce emissions, it can only be achieved through a major decrease in these environmentally destructive emissions caused by aviation (Perch-Nielsen et al, 2010).