Descriptive Epidemiology: Determinants Of Health And Disease

One of the most useful outcomes of studying epidemiology is learning how to evaluate critically the scientific literature (Aschengrau & Seage, 2008). Critical assessment of this literature is an important skill for public health professionals because the findings of epidemiologic research inform so many activities (Aschengrau & Seage, 2008). Munnoch et al. (2008) done epidemiological studies on S.Saintpaul infection occurred in Australia during October 2006 and found that cantaloupe production and processing practices pose a potential public health threat requiring regulatory and community education interventions. Based on main journal article written upon this subject, this article will analyse how epidemiological research has helped us

Biostatistics. I applied basic informatics techniques with vital statistics and public health records in the description of public health characteristics and in public health research and evaluation. [A.8] I used my knowledge of basic biostatistics to compare positive cases, test submissions, and human population to see if there was any correlation. Understanding biostatistics allowed me to make a valid and meaningful comparison of this data. The information gathered from the biostatistics gives a limited estimate of risk, and should be further evaluated to quantify this risk. The main goal of my project was to interpret the results of statistical analyses in terms of epidemiological human risk factors. [A.9]

risk factors for disease and injury, socioeconomic status, access to health care use due to

It is critical to understand the epidemiology of such diseases that overcome a population. With this skill, it would enable health care managers to incorporate such skills to make proper evidence and population based decisions, especially when health resources are limited. In addition, finance, planning, quality issue assessments, and evidence based public health practice would be considered (Healey & Lesneksi, 2011). This can allow them to not only develop best practices, but to also share them through the health care system (Healey & Lesneksi, 2011).

Many urban communities do not receive good quality of health and do not have access to health care services. This will cause individuals to be at high risk for several sicknesses and diseases. Some infectious diseases or illness of the immune system that they may be exposed to are asthma, diabetes, autoimmunity, Hepatitis C (HCV), HIV/AIDS, STIs, or tuberculosis. For example, “African Americans, American Indians, and Alaska Natives are twice likely to have diabetes as white individuals; diabetes rate among Hispanics are 1.5 times higher than those for whites” (National Conference of State Legislature, 2014). An additional example is “approximately 2 million Hispanics/Latinos in the United States have asthma, and Puerto Rican Americans have almost three times the asthma rate of the over all Hispanics” (NIH, 2013). Furthermore, urban communities deal with unemployment or live in low-income households. Even with families with a steady income they are still at a high risk for poor health. Geographic locations play a factor as well due to the environmental surroundings. Families that live close to factories or highly polluted areas are exposed to toxins that is not good for their health. One city that suffers through these environmental toxins are especially neighborhoods in New York. Chronic expose will lead to progressive worsening of health. These environmental toxins lead to these

Written by three doctors, who work with Public Health Informatics Institute, this article appears to be intended for medical professionals as well as the general public. The authors suggest that using EHRs in its fullest capacity, could greatly improve general population health in the US. Information such as influenza outbreaks, communicable diseases, and acute infectious gastrointestinal disease are currently reported to the CDC through use of EHRs. Under HITECH meaningful use laws, only syndromic surveillance, laboratory reporting, and registries are currently reported. The article also discusses the stages of meaningful use in depth and how each needs to be achieved in accordance with HITECH (Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health). It is suggested that in the future, trending information could help isolate incidences of certain problems/diagnoses to certain geographical locations. This can potentially help practitioners in figuring out a source for such

Epidemiology is the foundation of evidence-based medicine. It involves study of distribution and causes of health events in a given community and application of the study to address the health issues (Szklo & Nieto, 2014). Clinical epidemiology is a term used to define a methodology for clinical research. As a tool for research, clinical epidemiology guides the clinicians to seek answers through evidence based research (Woodward, 2013). Clinical epidemiology acts as the basis for clinicians as they take care of patients. Before making decisions on treatment for the patients, clinicians should use facts gained from population-based studies. Clinical epidemiology makes it possible to use past experiences as a guide to care decisions for the patients (Fletcher, Fletcher & Fletcher, 2012).

Observational epidemiology is a study of disease where “the investigator ascertains exposure and outcome without assignment to an intervention” Observational studies have made important contributions to the knowledge and understanding of health-related conditions. These studies usually involve a large group of individuals as in a community. The purpose of this type of study is to determine the

In Epidemiology, it is useful to find the source of the disease you can take action to rid or treat the source, thus eradicating transmission of future disease cases. John looked at the relationships between the biological, social, and environmental factors, such as (Goldstein, 2012):

Determinants can be biology and genetics, social environment, physical environment, and the individual behavior. Sex, age, alcohol use, unprotected sex, discrimination, income, living conditions, and access to health care can all be considered determinants of epidemiology. b. distribution. Distribution focuses on the frequency and pattern of the health characteristics and risk factors in a certain population. Epidemiological distribution will cover the when, where, and who of each health-related

As a child, I always wanted to become a doctor; hence I opted for dentistry. I loved studying it, perhaps an academic subject name Public Health Dentistry, changed my views towards the life. Epidemiology was one of its core parts. I was so much impressed by this subject as it is a source for knowing preventive measures and precautions for any disease, hence I decided that after completing dentistry I will make my path towards epidemiology. Since then, I often thought about the causes and the prevention of various diseases. I have been a professional and a volunteer participant in Health related camps; also I have conducted few types of researches. Hence, to culminate my plans, I should put myself in a rich scholastic program, particularly Public Health, concentrating in epidemiology. The School of Health Sciences will furnish me with the quality education,

It is important that patterns of ill health are monitored as the Department of Health need to know where to target the funds, and need to know what areas they need to target. For example, if the levels of obesity are rising then the Department of Health needs to target this by putting in weight maintenance courses and referring patients to clinics or recommending operations if they are beyond helping themselves. Patterns of ill health help the Department of Health to see what areas are increasing and the reasons for this. The research into why this happens helps them to know how to tackle the problem.

A Community Health Epidemiology Study with Community Diagnosis HGT Community Health Practicum/HAT1 Erika J. Schnell, R.N. 11/05/2012 Western Governor’s University

This paper defines and explains the six core functions of epidemiology: Public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluations, linkages, and policy development. The core functions of epidemiology lay down a foundation on which epidemiologists can begin to work from. This paper will look at the benefits of incorporating all six of these functions into a working plan when health officials, medical personnel, first responders, etc., encounter a disease or illness that needs to be identified, treated and contained.

This same climate also creates the wet, green environment that increases the prevalence of ticks.