Designing A 2x2 Factorial Design With 2

In experiment 1, participants were instructed to press a key to determine if the stimulus was red, blue, yellow, or green. On the second half of the experiment, the stimulus appeared in grey with only one colored letter which was positioned randomly. Error rates for the experiment were below 2.5% for each condition, which is quite low. Experiment 2 was the same as experiment 1 except that there were 114 data collections instead of 288 and there were 36 practice trials instead of 72. According to experiment 1 and 2 it is suggested that the effect of

This essay will be looking at the role of ecological validity and the importance it has in psychological research. Ecological validity refers to the extent to which a study reflects naturally occurring or everyday situations. It will also consider the advantages and disadvantages of ecological validity, through exploring studies such as the bobo doll experiment and a study on memory. Ecological validity is one of many important factor in psychological research. Also being addressed is what goes into a study or experiment and all the things that need to be considered to achieve ecological validity. In addition, it is important to design the study in such a way that the results obtained can be usefully and meaningfully applied to the area in question. Constructing experiments that achieve high ecological validity is quite a complex and difficult task.

Whether research is experimental or developmental, there are no guarantees of perfect study processes or results, since both random and systematic errors are expected. Errors and uncertainties of a study’s outcomes surface almost every time. Faulty, aged or incorrectly calibrated instruments, during an experiment, can lead to important alterations of results. Distracting environments definitely influence the outcome. Finally, the human parameter in the sense of having ability to properly operate instruments and correctly interpret measurements definitely consist another factor of imperfect research (Bell 7-9).

Methodological Issues Article Review. Read the following articles, which can be accessed through the ProQuest database in the Ashford University Library:

Participants/Subjects of experiment one: Seventy-one male and female undergraduates. .A11 had taken psychological tests approximately 2 weeks earlier.

Four AP Biology classes performed this experiment and the data presented in this report will reflect the averages of said classes. In the later discussion sections, it will become

The sample for this study consisted of 222 participants who were second year psychology students from the University of Newcastle. All students were participating as part of a course requirement and all had given their consent to participating in the study.

The materials used for this study included PsychMate Student Version 2.0 (St. James, Walter Schneider and Amy Eschman.) Psychology Software Tools, Inc. Along with the PsychMate software, a computer provided by Queens College was used in order to successfully complete the study.

Three hundred Undergraduates (18-50 years old) enrolled in Texas A&M International University (TAMIU) will be utilized as participants. Undergraduate students will be chosen from undergrad courses of all majors. The participants will be issued a consent form (Appendix A) debriefing form (Appendix E), if they decide to participate in the present study. Furthermore, students who decide to participate will be entered in a raffle to win a $50 Amazon Gift Card.

The data collected from this experiment will not contain personal identifiable information. Only the researchers involved with this experiment will have access to the data collected. The paperwork will be stored in a locked file cabinet and the data stored on hard drive on a password protected computer. All information obtained from participants will be kept confidential and protected from unauthorized access. All data sheets will be coded with group labels and numbers. No personal identifying marks of any kind will be present on any of the data forms. The data sheets will be stored separately from the signed consent forms. All data from this study will be reported as group averages. No single identifiable cases will ever be reported.

The very first thing about designing the experiment is to clearly identify the problem or question of interest. In this specific situation, the issue is whether the use of multimedia materials when

34 college students (ages 18-27) were recruited from the general student population of the University of North Texas

Throughout this course I have learned many things about research at an introductory level. Research is a critical part of all of our lives in many ways. God blesses each of us with a degree of common sense and we all learn from observing others even as babies, we learned behaviors and skills by observing our parents. Walking through experiences throughout life teach us a lot we need to know as well but sometimes we have to take a better approach when we need to learn about certain things. Many of us know that what works in some situations or with certain individuals doesn’t always work or is the safest option for another situation. Controlled and precisely organized study allows scientists to compare and examine contrasting methods and concepts, also helps them to discover various approaches and be able to learn from individual’s behaviors and experiences. I will act as the case study throughout this paper in order to observe what I have learned about.

The population of this study will be male and female undergraduate students at Tennessee Tech University. Participants must be at least 18 years old or older to participant in this study. The ages of the participants will vary from 18 to 23 years old. The goal is to have approximately 100 participants or more in the study. Participation will be voluntarily for individuals to be involved in the experiment. There will be no compensation for this study. An online survey will be given to participants for the purpose of this study.

A study published June 1, 2005 by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation