Designing A Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna And L Probe Feeding Technique

2. Radius; increasing the radius will increase the inductance value and the Q of the device; somehow it will resonate at high frequency.

This example focuses on the use of satellite networking, to broadcast the signal from the satellite, to the ground station. This type of technology involves the use of Zigbee at small distances, and WiMax for greater distances.

Here first we design a simple rectangular shaped microstrip patch antenna with dimension 14 X 14 X 1.60 mm^3 shown in Fig.1. In this antenna the dimension of patch is 10 X 13 mm^2. We are using microstrip line feed to this rectangular patch with length 4mm and width 1.6mm. By simulating this simple patch antenna we were getting only two frequency bands as shown in Fig2.

The slot is fed by microstrip line because it is easy to etch on the substrate and to seek impedance

On old radios the antenna was detrimental to the radio’s operation. Today, the antenna is not necessary. AM radio does not have as good of quality as FM but it can travel farther distances. FM signals can be interfered by things such as mountains or other barrier

In my project, I have designed and simulated microstrip patch antenna at operating frequency 2.4GHz using HFSS software .It has Substrate (FR4) having dielectric constants of 4.4.I have designed single patch antenna without DGS, 2x1 array antenna and 4x1 array antenna without DGS ,4x1 array antenna with DGS (Dumbbell shaped , Double Circular shaped, E-shaped) and analyze the results. I analyze that I god improved results in 4x1 array antenna configuration with E-shaped DGS structure in terms of Voltage Standing Wave Ratio of 1.12, Return loss of -22.12 dB, Bandwidth of 404 MHz, Gain of 7 dB etc.

A mixture of diverse creation methods may be utilized to at first structure the planar substrate

Window embedded wire antennas have been introduced at FM frequencies for low-power or receive-only applications. The power transmitted by the army radios at VHF and UHF frequencies can exceed tens of watts. At these power levels, it is of crucial importance to isolate the interior of the vehicle from the antenna radiation. In addition, this isolation eliminates the affects of the cabin interior and passengers on the antenna input impedance and radiation pattern. Hence a transparent ground plane will be needed behind the radiating element to reduce the radiation inside the vehicle and at the same time increase the directivity of the antenna. A wire-mesh or a more sophisticated band-selective ground plane can be used as the reflecting element. A meshed patch antenna on a mesh ground plane can provide the required isolation with the cabin interior. However because of the sub-wavelength dimensions of the armored windows at VHF and UHF frequencies a patch antenna, if feasible, cannot provide the one octave bandwidth required by the army radios. In this paper a monopole bow-tie antenna backed by a cavity (armored window) is proposed. Because of the limited thickness of the window glass, the radiation element and the transparent ground plane need to be placed very close to each other. Therefore the gain and/or the

MIMO antenna configuration is requires in spatial multiplexing. In spatial multiplexing the high rate signal is divide into low rate signals and each individual stream is transmitted from different transmit antenna which is having the same frequency channel. Spatial multiplexing is technique which is capable of increasing channel capacity at higher signal to noise

The tangential components (seen in Figure 3.11), which are in phase, means that the resulting fields combine to give maximum radiated field normal to the surface of the structure. Hence the edges along the width can be represented as two radiating slots, which are λ / 2 apart and excited in phase and radiating in the half space above the ground plane. The fringing fields along the width can be modeled as radiating slots and electrically the patch of the microstrip antenna looks greater than its

As shown from table.1, if the resonator gap between two parallel couple microstrips transmission lines is small then the

So the transmitter can increase the output of the antennas in the direction of computers farther away or where there are more computers to allow for better coverage or throughput and decrease the output of the antennas in directions where there are obstacles.

MONOSTATIC RADAR When we use single antenna for both transmission and reception purpose such a radar called as monostatic radar. BISTATIC RADAR If two separates antennas are used for transmission and reception , then such a radar is called as bistatic radar. 16

Wireless networking hardware requires the use of underlying technology that deals with radio frequencies as well as data transmission. The most widely used standard is 802.11 produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). This is a standard defining all aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking

operation but also needs to have an appropriate proposed design. It employs two techniques to improve the radiation pattern. These techniques are the use of an angled dipole and vertical copper plates arranged on the ground plane for improvement in the radiation pattern of lower and upper bands, respectively radiation profile in both bands, namely similar gain, wide beamwidth. One of the popular techniques for broadening the patch antenna bandwidth is to incorporate a U-slot on its surface. They have the ability to confine the power in certain directions instead of scattering the power everywhere.