Desmond Tutu : The Most Influential Peacemakers Of The Past Century

Betrayal, one of the most horrible things you could do to anyone your family, a friend anyone. To me it’s one of my all time most hated things a person could do and it’s almost unforgivable. In this book A Separate Peace by John Knowles two boys Phineas and Gene who are best friends at a boarding school in New Hampshire experience some of the worst kinds of Betrayal you could think of. Gene commits a very bad betrayal when he jousts the tree limb they are both standing on ending up with Finny falling and badly breaking his leg. This was no accident because Gene can’t stand the guilt.

All through history governments and empires have been overthrown or defeated primarily by the violence of those who oppose them. This violence was usually successful however, there have been several situations, when violence failed, that protesters have had to turn to other methods. Non-violent protesting never seemed to be the right course of action until the ideology of Mohandas Gandhi spread and influenced successful protests across the world. Non-violent methods were successfully used, most notably, by Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Nelson Mandela.

The Anglican Bishop Desmond Tutu was internationally prominent in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, even as the Hindu Mahatma Gandhi had been at the beginning of the century in South Africa and then in the Indian independence struggle, and so on. World religions became part of the social-political-economic global fabric in a way that now has made it increasingly hard to practice religion in isolation from global concerns, and even intellectually dishonest to do so without some global perspective and without taking other religious traditions into account.

Archbishop Desmond Tutu was one of these people and Doc 7 showed a 1984 speech to the United Nations Security Council where he addressed the possibility of a new society for all people in South Africa. 1984 was the year P.W. Botha became president and began his police state and South Africa was still yet to see the worst atrocities of the Apartheid struggle. Tutu believed that the only reason the whites in South Africa were cruel to the blacks was because they were scared; they were outnumbered and after the ancestors of the white population had fought against the natives for decades their fear was only reinforced through stories of the barbaric Africans. They were also scared that if given the opportunity the blacks would drive them out of South Africa and out of their land of birth. Tutu suggested a new nation in which all people were equal as they were created in the image of god and where the government was truly democratic. Because Desmond Tutu had lived through the entire period of Apartheid and was a leader of the back christian community in South Africa he would have seen and understood the feelings the people of South Africa had toward Apartheid. He would have also strived to implicate Christian beliefs of equality back into the hearts of the white people and end the use of violence. One year before Desmond Tutu's speech a new political party formed called the United Democratic Front. This party was a non-racial and anti-Apartheid organization which specifically opposed the Tricameral parliament which allowed coloured and asian south Africans minimal representation while the black population was still excluded. The Poster for the United Democratic front shown in Doc 9 gave an image to the blacks in South Africa that

Desmond Tutu has formulated his objective as "a

Washington had three jobs before becoming a teacher, which consisted of carrying sacks of grains to a plantation mill, working in a salt mine with his step-father, and he was also a houseboy for Viola Ruffner in 1866. Viola saw the determination of wanting to learn in Booker’s face, in two years she grew to understand him. Eventually she allowed him to attend school for an hour a day during winter. When Booker T. Washington’s became a teacher, he taught African- Americans how to make themselves even more valuable to their community than they were recognized for. The name of the school was Tuskegee University, he was recommended by General Armstrong to run the school. Washington took on that responsibility and help raise money and promote the school, while doing that he reassured whites that the programs within this school would not threaten white supremacy or pose any economic competition to whites.

In 1993, Nelson Mandela was elected the first multi-racial president of South Africa. During his term, he created a new constitution of law that declared majority rule and South Africa became racially united. Every race was granted their human rights in South Africa thanks to the hard work and struggles of Nelson Mandela, and his work was recognized nationally. Nelson Mandela later worked on economic improvement within South Africa and focused on issues such as poverty and AIDS.

Booker T. Washington rose up from slavery and illiteracy to become the foremost educator and leader of black Americans at the turn of the century. He was born on April 5, 1856 in Franklin County, Virginia. As a child he worked in the salt mines but always found time for education. Washington constantly dreamed of college but as an African American this dream was nearly impossible. His scrupulous working habits from the mines set him out for college at the Hampton Institute. He graduated in 1876 and became a teacher at a rural school. After 2 years of teaching, he went back to the Hampton Institute and was a “professor” here for 2 more years. His next challenge would be at a new all black college, Tuskegee Institute where he would become president. Under Washington's leadership (1881-1915), Tuskegee Institute became an important force in black education. Washington won a Harvard honorary degree in 1891.

“I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal in which I hope to live for and achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” -Nelson Mandela. Throughout history, humanity has ventured to make the world a better place. In Earth’s past, many different people and organizations have strived to do good and create a positive impact on others lives. Mankind, as a whole, has chosen to stay far from evil and make good decisions. Susan B. Anthony, Nelson Mandela, and the United Nations organization are all significant examples of how humanity has chosen throughout history to make good decisions. Anthony, Mandela, and the UN are all instances where a person or organization has focused on human rights and made an effort to create a world in which

Booker T. Washington was freed from slavery as a child. After accomplishing his education, he was preordained to lead a new teacher's institution for African Americans in Alabama that became known as Tuskegee University. Washington assisted slaves to gain new trades. At his Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, students of all ages learned to make and grow the things they needed. Washington believed that African Americans would receive equals treatment in time if they were educated and learned useful skills.

W.E.B. Du Bois lived from February 23rd, 1868 to August 27th, 1963 which is when he passed away in Accra, Ghana. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a European-American town. Due to this type of environment, Du Bois identified himself as a “mulatto” and surprisingly enough, attended schools with whites and was supported by his white teachers. In 1885, he and his family moved to Nashville, Tennessee where Du Bois attended Fisk University and earned his bachelor’s degree, along with attending Harvard and receiving a master’s degree. Ten years after the move to Nashville, Du Bois was the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard. During his attendance at Harvard, Du Bois studied abroad at the University of Berlin. The year of 1897 was the same year that Du Bois became a professor at Atlanta University. In 1899, which was only two years later, Du Bois published the first case study of an African American community, “The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study.” Coincidentally, DuBois publicly opposed Booker T.

The life story of Nelson Mandela has long become a legend, a story that transcends race, borders, culture, or language. He is one of the greatest leaders to ever step foot on this Earth. He was willing to give up his own personal freedoms for the good of his people. Still, his decisions at major points in his lifetime hold lessons for individuals who are inspired of becoming good leaders. Many leaders are inspired by the actions and decision-makings abilities of Mandela. He kept the interest of others before his own. This is what made Nelson Mandela a great leader, and worthy of winning a Nobel Prize. From the decisions he made, and his life experiences while fighting for human rights, one can conclude that Mandela is truly

Mandela was imprisoned in South Africa from 1964-82. During the period of his imprisonment his public reputation grew. Upon his release from prison, he was considered the most prominent leader in black South Africa and he was a strong symbol of resistance in the anti-apartheid movement. Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s president in 1994. His main leadership qualities characteristics were his determination, persistence, focus and will.

He saw how his father become invisible to the injustice of black around him and he decided to get involved. He had a generativity concern on improving black people rights in the world around him (Newman & Newman, 2015). As a young boy, he would watch TV, read articles, and read books regarding what people are doing to change the way blacks are treated. His father would be disappointed and hope he would just stay away for the violence, abuse, and other activist groups. After high school, he went on to Fisk University to be involve in the Freeman Riders and later the Black Panthers. Along the journey, he was kicked, spit on, arrested, and even witness brutal killings and prayed that he would not be killed for his rights.

What has been noted by Historians and scholars has been the effect of WW1 on World Peace.