Detailed Assessment of a Significant Potential Terrorist WMD Attack

They elucidate that terrorism is a “premeditated, politically motivated, violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups of clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience,” (National Institute of Justice).

inflict a heavy cost. The authors continue by positing a dilemma that sounds nearly identical to Adler’. They assert that terrorists use a strategy of provocation that is designed to induce a violent response, which will in turn radicalize population and lead to them supporting the terrorists.

Domestic terrorism consists of violations against federal and state law that put humans into danger. The purpose of domestic terrorism is to influence or to instill fear into the population and government. Terrorism comes in forms of gun violence, assassinations, and destruction (1). Since 1970, there have been 2,608 attacks and 226 fatal attacks up until 2011 (3). In 1867, the development of dynamite contributed to increasing terrorism, and radicals have used explosives to bring attention to political issues within the country. This invention led to the Haymarket Affair, Los Angeles Times, and the Preparedness Day bombings (2). What has further caused domestic terrorism has been the argument over who is an American. This explains the emergence of the Boston Tea Party and the “white supremacy” of the Ku Klux Klan which both occurred to claim what being an authentic American means (3). After the Cold war, domestic intelligence and law enforcement suppressed terrorist plots, but since the leader of al-Qaeda increased website usage in 2003, more internet terrorist sites have grown. In 2009, the FBI stated that there were approximately 15,000 websites that advocated terrorism with 10,000 sites still active on 80% of U.S based servers. (4) An example of an attack was the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 which resulted in 168 people dead and 600 people injured; the motivation for this was to show the opposition against the U.S government by bombing the Alfred P. Murrah Federal

Terrorism has grown dramatically since September 11. Many aspects can influence or help a terrorist organization plan an attack. First, is the media, which is a social construction of terrorism. The media does not cause terrorism; however, it does enhance its power. I have studied the amount and types of coverage certain-terrorist related incidents receive, and the results came to indicate that not that many terrorism incidents receive coverage in the news. However, those that are linked to domestic terrorist group, and when hijacking is used as a tactic, then they are significantly more likely to be featured not only in the news, but in articles and newspapers as well. One thing one must not forget is that terrorism is a social problem

Although the article was written a long time ago, it help me gained a better understanding about the historical perspective of the regulatory issues that are associated with a WMD attack response. I was able to compare and contrast the WMD response strategies that were used during the time that article was written against the current WMD response strategies that I learned throughout this course. Finally, I was able to learn about some of the laws and polices that were created to improve WMD response

The concern of a potential chemical attack on American soil has always been in the minds of our government and various first response agencies that would be charged to address the effects of such an attack. Republican congressman, Robert Pittenger, expressed this concern regarding the volatile situation in Syria and the dangers posed by that situation in regards to the proper accountability of Syrian chemical weapons (Ordonez, 2013). Congressman Pittenger’s fears came from the possibility of further instability in Syria that would prevent the Syrian government from maintaining positive control and accountability of its chemical weapons. If Bashar Assad were to lose control of his country, terrorist organizations could potentially use such situation as an opportunity to acquire chemical weapons and transport them to key locations in order to facilitate their use on American soil (Ordonez, 2013). In this situation there are two elements: terrorist acquiring chemical weapons and terrorists using chemical weapons on American soil. The first one is more likely to happen, while the second one would be far more difficult as the weapons must make it from Syria to the United States.

This was the first declaration by Osama Bin Laden in 1996 calling upon Muslims around the globe for the destruction of America and other Westernised countries for their hostility towards Islam and Muslims. It is safe to say that this declaration was the beginning of what was about to be the most terrorising decades the world has ever been through. The increasing numbers of terrorist attacks around the world in recent years serve to show the importance in learning to understand terrorism and the reasoning behind the crime. This essay will do this by analysing the

Psychology of Terrorism, as stated in its title, focuses on analyzing the psychology of terrorism. It is in short a compilation of many essays that are conveniently separated under particular themes such as the psychology of terrorism, terrorism, and the psychological effects of it. The last two sections can be summarized on how to combat terrorism. I believe they will all be invaluable contributions to my essay. Some of the main aspects include a general idea of what exactly is terrorism and why it is such an effective political weapon against a nation, the immediate and long-term psychological effects of terrorism, and the role the media plays in collateral damage in further amplifying the psychological damage of the already vulnerable victims of terrorism. The importance of this book is to provide

Today, the threat of weapons mass destruction (WMD) has become one of the most dangerous threats effecting all nations security over the world, the national security of the superpower such as united states, as well as human life all over the world. Especially with the development of modern technology and the ease of access to information, more deadly weapons could be manufactured and used by countries against another or may be by terrorist groups.

Since September 11, 2001, impressive consideration has been dedicated to the investigation of terrorism, yet academic examination of the subject has really been dynamic for quite a few years. With this expanded center, perplexity has emerged with regard to the extremely significance of terrorism. Also, there are contending hypotheses as to the circumstances and end results of terrorism, with commitments originating from financial analysts, sociologists, clinicians, and political researchers.The study of terrorism is truly a multidisciplinary endeavor.

The incredible amount of danger associated with the use of any Weapon of Mass Destruction is the reason for why it’s become the biggest concern towards the safety and security of the United States and its citizens. The term “Weapon of Mass Destruction” is used to identify and categorize an assortment of extremely devastating weaponry, as each of the weapons placed into this category have two unique traits: “their potential for large-scale destruction and the indiscriminate nature of their effects, notably against civilians” (Reed, n.d.). Since the despicable attacks made against the United States on 9/11, no other major attacks involving a Weapon of Mass Destruction being used by a terrorist organization to target the United States have been documented. This is primarily due to the governments focus on increasing the level of Homeland Security and arrangements made with other foreign nations to effectively monitor and control the manufacturing of these weapons. By effectively applying theses new strategic measures, it has made it very problematic for terrorist’s organizations to even be able to obtain the materials required to develop a Weapon of Mass

From news rooms to newspapers and websites, the words “acts of terrorism” were blurted out again and again over the past 13 years. The reality is, there is no “act” of terrorism. Individuals create acts of violence in support of terrorism, thus making them part of a larger process. In chapter One, Canter mentions a staircase terrorism model that was introduced by Moghaddam in 2005 describing the process as “a person entering into and becoming part of an ever more involving commitment to violence for political or ideological ends.” For this to take place, two things must occur; first, the organization must be feared by others (i.e. groups, communities, government, etc.), and second, they are remembered culturally and internationally for the grievances the organizations cause. These grievances are key to the organizations success and keeping them feared over the course of years. They also become the identifying mark of the organization, laying the groundwork for resentment to those who the organization sees as their enemy. One of the major misconceptions about terrorism is it’s not how devastating or damaging the incident is, but how well the organization can spin the incident to its supporters that drive the influx of violence. Terrorism is created on a psychological level. Social media, friends, family, and gatherings all contribute to the influence of hatred of external groups,

Terrorism and acts of terrorism have been an issue that has a concerned not only the United States but also the world at large. Terrorism became a serious threat since the late 1980's, but its magnitude was felt after the 9/11. However, the formation of the Al Qaeda group and other terrorist group towards the end of the twenty first century turned everything and made terrorism a real menace to a world that values peace and stability. Proliferation of weapons was experienced and is still going on now. This has seen the media coming to the fore to provide the necessary information about terrorism and actins related to it. However, the challenge has been the desire to provide information whilst shunning the possibility of falling into the trap of making terrorists' missions and intentions real.

Nearly any act of violence that is seen as against society is characterized as “terrorism.” In the context of international relations, terrorism is one of the most challenged definitions. The term “terrorism” is politically and emotionally charged, which has made it difficult for the international community to develop a universally agreed upon definition. In a general sense, terrorism can be expressed as the use or threatened use of force against civilians to provoke political or social change. Shared elements of terrorism also include that it is political in nature or intent, its perpetrators are non state actors, and its targets are noncombatants.

Introduction: From the outset, the paper makes clarity of the key terms terrorism and media coverage. According to Magstadt (2009:506) terrorism has been defined in many ways, but the most definitions take into account several factors including violence’s, the desire for publicity, political motive and intimidation aimed at the civilian populations. Jerkins (n.d.) “terrorism is the use or threatened use of force designed to bring about political change”. As depicted from the above definitions activities of terrorism have gone through premeditation stage, implemented and more to be fulfilled. In 1983 the world woke up to the breaking news that terrorists bombed the United States Embassy in Beirut and killed 63 people. Other acts of terrorism