Detection And Prevention Of Sinkhole Attack On Zone Routing Protocol

Electronic technology is growing at a rapid rate; more devices are made mobile and wireless, but with those improvement and developments come flaws and malicious opportunities. Cyber attacks are on the rise and no system or device is immune. Many organizations employ multiple layers of firewalls but that doesn’t completely eliminate the threat. Attacks against firewalls and virtual private networks or VPNs are constantly being exploited with new methods everyday, but they are yet another obstacle that a cyber criminal must overcome.

A group of wireless sensor nodes (devices) dynamically constructs a temporary network without the exercise of any pre-existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. The main goal of ad-hoc networking is multihop broadcasting in which packets are transferred from source node to destination node through the intermediate nodes (hops). The main function of multi hop WSN is to enable communication between two terminal devices through a bit of middle nodes, which are transferring information from one level to another level. On the foundation of network connectivity, it dynamically gets to determine that which nodes should get included in routing, each node involved in routing transmit the data to further

Security is always the main issue for a network, when it is a wireless system the security becomes the main concern for a user. A wireless P2P network is suffering from mainly two security attacks i) Virus Attack ii) Intruders. Intruder does not only mean it want to hack the private information over the network, it also include to use a node bandwidth and increase the Delay of Service for other host over the network. This work is basically based on such type of attack. There are some system that exists on same attack model by comparing the hop time and some other means. But in all such system the Detection system is performed on a centralized system. We are proposing and intelligent predictive system

With the increasing dependency on wireless networks, the need for proper reliability analysis for Mobile ad hoc networks (Manets) is also increasing. Failure of Manets in areas like warfare, nuclear reactors, medical equipment and airplanes can lead to catastrophe. Unlike traditional networks, measuring the reliability of Manets is a tedious task as it involves dynamically changing topology. The existing methods for calculating reliability use two terminal analysis as the basis for calculation. It uses the same method used for traditional computer networks to calculate reliability. However, the method is not very efficient when it comes to the wireless networks as they are far different from traditional networks. It is also a time consuming task to identify all the nodes and links in a wireless network as nodes move freely in the network. In This paper, We are going to discuss about NLN(Node-Link-Node) technique which reduces the complexity of analyzing the reliability in Manets.

The exponential increase use of the Internet to communicate, conduct business transactions, access personal banking, healthcare, education at confront of being anywhere has become an everyday lifestyle for many people around the globe. This reliance on computers, laptops, devices and other Internet of Things to access the Internet means, organizations, businesses and the government have also seen an increase occurrence of sophisticated attacks.

MANETs (Mobile ad-hoc network) is defined as autonomous collection of wireless mobile nodes that are self-configure to construct a network that can communicate over relatively bandwidth constrained wireless links.

This work is based on to detect the malicious nodes from the network which are responsible to trigger grayhole attack in the network. The grayhole is the distributed denial of service attack in which

Although, there is one of the vulnerabilities that is pretty much impossible to guard against, DoS like Molta points out, “Other problems are looming, the most pernicious of which are DoS (denial of service) attacks. While DoS is a fact of life on all networks, it's worse on wireless networks because not only do you need to guard against attacks at Layer 2 and above, you're also extremely vulnerable to physical-layer attacks to the medium” (Molta, 2002, p. 18). In this essay, some vulnerabilities will be looked at that can affect Wi-Fi home users as well as businesses that implement wireless networks because both types of networks can be affected by the same types of intrusion or disruption attacks. Even though this paper is about vulnerabilities, it is important to point out that wi-fi networks can still be operated safely with a high level of security in place.

802.11 wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) becomes most important these days. Whether it would be simple range extender for a home wired Ethernet interface, or as a wireless interface, WLAN provides mobility, ease of access and affordable. Most of the 802.11 wireless network uses the frequency of 2.4GHz, which leads the network to be unsafe and more vulnerable than traditional Ethernet networks. In general, security issues for the Network layer has been discussed rapidly, but where as for MAC layer security mechanisms has not been extensively discussed. Wireless network security has gained attention due to the vulnerabilities exposed in the open communication platform. Most prevalent wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is IEEE 802.11, which considers all the nodes in the network are safe & cooperative. However, attackers may make nodes misbehave in order to disrupt network performance, obtain extra bandwidth and consume resources. These MAC layer misbehaviors can be called as Denial of Service (DoS) attacks which can disrupt the network operation. Influencing security flaws in the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol even an average person with basic knowledge on wireless networks can launch MAC-layer denial of service (DOS) attacks. In this paper we study two types of MAC layer Denial Of Service attacks that can be easily operated by an

Most of the current approaches are limited by focusing on enforcing anonymity at a heavy cost to precious resources because public-key-based encryption and high traffic generate significantly high cost Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) use anonymous routing protocols that hide node identities and/or routes from outside observers in order to provide anonymity protection. However, existing anonymous routing protocols relying on either hop-by-hop encryption or redundant traffic either generate high cost or cannot provide full anonymity protection to data sources, destinations, and routes[7].

Limited security in wireless sensor networks has led to a number of attacks come to prominence. Ameen et al (2012) identify the most common transmission threats to wireless sensor networks which include data modification, impersonation attacks, eavesdropping, and replaying (p. 97). Kumar and Lee (2012) specify routing threats in wireless sensor networks which they identify as follows:

Mobile Ad hoc Network”, discussed about a reputation system that relies on neighbors to monitor and identify misbehaving nodes.

Abstract— this paper is an involvement in the field of security study on mobile ad-hoc networks. Boundaries of the mobile ad hoc nodes have been considered in order to design a secure Ad hoc routing protocol that thwarts selfish and flooding attacks. We took the base of Ad hoc On Demand Routing Protocol (AODV); the most popular Routing protocol. The significance of the proposed protocol that should make sure security as wanted by providing a broad architecture of Trusted and PES Mechanism based smart Path Routing protocol (TBAODV) based on effective key management, secure neighbor detection, secure routing data’s, finding malicious nodes, and eliminating these nodes from routing table. Our results clearly show that our secured Ad hoc routing protocol increases the throughput and packet delivery ratio while it has a tolerable increase in the routing overhead and average delay. Also, security study proves in details that the proposed protocol is robust enough to thwart all classes of

Therefore the routing protocols for wired networks cannot be directly used for wireless networks. Some examples of the possible uses of Ad Hoc networking include students using laptop computers to participate in an interactive lecture, business associates sharing information during a meeting, soldiers relaying information for situational awareness on the battlefield and emergency disaster relief personnel coordinating efforts after a hurricane or earthquake. A MANET uses multi-hop routing instead of a static network infrastructure to provide network connectivity. Several routing protocols have been proposed for MANETs. Initially, in this work, number of ways of classification or categorization of existing routing protocols and the survey on the performance comparison of important protocols such as AODV [2], DSR [3] and DSDV [4] are presented. A number of researchers have done the performance analysis of Ad Hoc Routing protocols over the years using different simulators like NS2, Qualnet, Opnet etc. From the survey of QoS Models and Protocols of the IP network such as IntServ, DiffServ, FQMM (Flexible QoS Model for MANET), RSVP etc., it is observed that they

Abstract—Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of wireless network. A Wireless ad-hoc network is a temporary network with no network infrastructure. The nodes communicate with each other, they co-operate by forwarding data packets to other nodes in the network. Thus the nodes find a path to the destination node using routing protocols. Due to the security vulnerabilities of the routing protocols, wireless ad-hoc networks are unprotected to attacks of the malicious nodes. One of these attacks is the Sinkhole Attack. Sinkhole attack is a kind of routing attack in MANET. A sinkhole node tries to attract all the network packets to it-self from all neighboring nodes. This paper focuses on to detect and prevent sinkhole node. The detection techniques which make use of proactive routing protocol have better packet delivery ratio and correct detection probability. The detection techniques which make use of reactive routing protocols have low overheads, but have high packet loss problem. Therefore, using a hybrid detection technique which combines the advantages of