Determining The Chemical Formula For A Hydrated Compound Containing Copper, Chloride, And Water Molecules

Washing of the copper is necessary in this experiment to separate the iron from the copper and make sure the iron is not counted in the mass of the copper.

The history of the atomic theory is thoroughly extensive. It had all started around 400 BCE when few people believed in an atomic theory, that atoms are building blocks. Democratic believed matter was made up of tiny particles. He called them atomos. Democratic is Leucippus’ most infamous pupil Later in history, the law of definite proportions was discovered. Two samples of given compounds are made of the same elements in exactly same proportions by mass regardless of the size or sources of the samples. After this came the law of conservation of mass and law of multiple proportions. Around 1808, John Dalton came up with a different atomic theory. He used Greek concept of the atom and all of the laws previously mentioned to acquire his

The purpose of this lab was to determine the percent cobalt and oxalate by mass, and with that information, the empirical formula for cobalt oxalate hydrate, using the general formula Coa(C2O4)b.cH2O.

Purpose: Applying mass relationships, demonstrate that magnesium and oxygen conjoin in a definite whole-number ratio by mass.

I calculated this by turning an element’s percentage into a number out of one hundred and then multiplying it by the molar mass to get the number of mols in each element. After, I divided all elements by the lowest number in order

His theory which was first presented in 1803, stated that each chemical element is made up of its own kind of atoms, all consisting of the same relative weight. It also explained why a fixed weight of two substances always combine, when forming a compound. He did this research by making use of the common laboratory equipment of the day. John Dalton was born on the 6th of September, 1766, in Cumbria, England. In 1794, he published the first major study of colour blindness, an illness he had. In 1802, he released a law which is now known as Dalton's law of partial pressures. The law states that the amount of pressure applied by a mixture of gases, is the total pressure for all individual gases in the mixture. John Dalton later died on the 27th of July,

He said that elements consisted of identical atoms that had the same mass and that compounds were atoms from different elements combined together. (The Doc.2014)

Copper’s atomic mass is 63.546 g.mol -1 and it has a density of 8.9 g.cm -3 at 20℃.

John Dalton, also known as the Quaker Atomist, developed the widely known Chemical Atomic Theory. His ideas for this theory can be easily stated. All elements are made up of tiny invisible particles and that these particles, following Heraclitus, would be called “atoms.” All atoms of a given element are chemically identical. Atoms cannot be destroyed or created during chemical reactions, although atoms of different elements may combine to form compounds. The chemical reaction forming a compound does not involve a change in atoms, it involves a change in

The Law of Triads began to direct chemists towards the patterns found in lists or tables of elements. Many chemists began exploring patterns but it wasn’t until 1864 that the next step was made. John Newlands realised that when ordered by atomic weight a regular pattern of properties formed. He noted that elements seemed to fall into patterns of eight whereby every eighth element would have the same properties. This was not entirely true however as Newlands saw this pattern and was reminded of a musical scale’s eight note repetition. Nevertheless, the recognition of this in fact deterred Newlands from making further inferences as he continued to attempt to force elements into this ‘musical scale like’ format which was not entirely applicable.

Atoms of different elements can be combined to form compounds. Atoms of the compounds are present in the same relative numbers.

Copper II Chloride Dihydrate – [CuCl2.2H2O] is a solid which is soluble in water and alcohol. It appears in a fine light blue-green deliquescent crystal with slight hydrochloric odour (Material Safety Data Sheet, 2010). Copper II Chloride Dihydrate is used in different fields– both for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes. Agricultural uses include herbicides, toxicity tests, food production, pesticides, fungicides, feed additive, wood preservative and disinfectant (Material Safety Data Sheet, 2010). Non- agricultural uses are: as a catalyst for organic plating and inorganic reactions, in tinting baths for Iron (Fe) and Tin (Sn), in photography as a fixer, desensitizer and reagent, as mordant for dyeing and printing textiles, in indelible, invisible and laundry-marking inks, in metallurgy: in wet process for recovering mercury from ores and in refining copper, silver and gold, in pigments for glass and ceramics, in pharmaceuticals and textile industries, ornaments and dental amalgams (Material Safety Data Sheet, 2010). Copper (II) Chloride Dihydrate, also known as Cupric Chloride Dihydrate, is a copper-based product. The harmful effects increase with both the concentration and length of exposure. Copper is a common heavy metal pollutant in

The first source of error that could have occurred in this experiment relates to the decanting process for which we were starting to separate the newly produced copper from the solution. Even when carefully pouring the mixture of deionized water and the solution into the sink, loose copper particles, most invisible to the naked eye, would have escaped from the beaker. This would lessen the overall mass of the copper from what it should be as not all of the weight of what was produced would be accounted for. For the relative masses of copper and iron, the reduced mass of copper would make the final calculated experimental ratio of masses lower than in actuality because the proportion of copper to iron would have a decreased range.

4. Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms. Scientists later discovered isotopes, which showed that the second postulate was not entirely true. Consider two different compounds of carbon and oxygen: carbon dioxide, , and carbon monoxide, . The number of oxygen atoms per carbon atom in is double the number of oxygen atoms per carbon atom in . So we can predict that the mass of oxygen per gram of carbon in is double the mass of oxygen per gram of carbon in . And, in fact, if other carbon-oxygen compounds existed, we could predict small, whole-number ratios for the masses of oxygen per gram of carbon in all of them. This is exactly what John Dalton predicted for compounds using his atomic theory of matter. It came to be known as the law of multiple proportions The periodic table is a list of elements arranged by atomic number olumns in the periodic table are called groups, and the rows are called periods. Notice that the groups are labeled 1 to 18 and the periods are labeled 1 to 7. Groups 1, 2, and 13 to 18 are called the main group elements, groups 3 to 12 are the transition elements, and the bottom two rows are called the lanthanides and actinides, respectively. This table gives properties and alternate names for some of the groups: Group

John Dalton did many things in his life. He was most known for his Atomic Theory, Law of Multiple Proportions, Dalton 's Law Partial Pressures, and Daltonism. He had a noble award for Royal Medals.