Determining The Percentage Of People During The Future Generation Of Contracting Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes is a disease that is found in a variety of age groups around the world. This disease is growing at a rapid rate and it is impacting the health of this generation and future generations to come. Diabetes is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to produce or respond to the insulin hormone produced by the pancreas. The insulin allows for the glucose to be effectively used as energy throughout the body. Diabetes causes carbohydrates to be abnormally digested, which can raise blood glucose levels. This means that the glucose is not being taken up by the cells that need it. The cells cannot take up the excess glucose that has accumulated in the blood, so it is excreted through the urine. This can lead to problems with the kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and eyes because high blood glucose can damage the blood vessels of these organs. This diseased is managed by adopting a diet low in fat and high in fiber, increasing physical activity, losing excess weight, and not smoking. If this

With over 30 million people having diabetes, the prevalence is continuing to rise. An estimated 200,000 American youth are effected by type 1 diabetes and 40,000 new cases are diagnosed each year¹. The rate for type 1 diabetes in youth has increased by 1.8% each year. In comparison, the prevalence for type 2 diabetes in youth has increased at a rate of 4.8% annually². No matter whether diabetes is type 1 or type 2 in children, family involvement is essential for optimal outcomes³.

First, for Latinos, studies have found that the prevalence of total diabetes, diagnosed and undiagnosed, among all Hispanic/Latino groups was roughly 16.9 percent of both men and women, compared to 10.2 percent of non-Hispanic whites. However, when looking at Hispanic/Latino groups individually, it found that prevalence varied from a high of 18.3 percent for those of Mexican descent to a low of 10.2 percent for people of South American descent. The study showed 18.1 percent of people of Dominican and Puerto Rican descent; 17.7 percent of Central American descent; and 13.4 percent of Cuban descent living in the United States had type 2 diabetes (Alexandria, 2014). As people believe, also prevalence rose dramatically with age, reaching more than 50 percent for Hispanic/Latino women by the time they reached age 70 and 44.3 percent for men aged 70-74.

Currently, there is not enough data on the pervasiveness of type 1 diabetes and no approximations made for the US population. However, type 1 diabetes affects about 1.25 million Americans (accounting for 5% of people with diabetes) and expected number of 40,000 people will be diagnosed each year in the United States (American Diabetes Association). Mortality statistics related to type 1 diabetes have improved from one out of five mortality rate within twenty years after diagnosis to 3.5% and 7% mortality rate within 20years and 25 years after diagnoses (National Institute of Health). Type 1 diabetes typically occurs in children and young adults, though it can appear at any age. Ten percent to thirteen percent people diagnosed have a first degree relative with type 1 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a major concern worldwide. Differing from type 1 diabetes that is usually diagnosed at a young age, diabetes type 2 is a type of diabetes that onsets during adulthood however the risk rises steadily in children as obesity increases. T2DM severely affects how the body metabolizes glucose: the major source of energy, and results with excess sugar in the bloodstream.1 This condition occurs where the body resists insulin effects and doesn’t produce enough insulin to manage glucose levels. Long-term complications from exposure of excess sugar in the blood affect major organs like the heart, nerve, kidney, eyes, skin, ears and can even lead to neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.1

The aim of the research was to find out the effects of Type 2 Diabetes and how these effects can be mitigated or minimised. The research study focused on people of all ages. The findings of this study are important and necessary due to the high costs the NHS and the government have incurred in dealing with Type 2 diabetes related illnesses and the stresses and strains associated with dealing with a diabetes patients. This research was carried out by conducting a literature review and analysing the responses to my survey questionnaire. The findings out of the research were that there are possible links between family history, dietary choices and lifestyle behaviours. These links once established will greatly improve interventions and an understanding of preventative measures.

Since this study used self-report measurements to collect data this study might be prone to recall bias. Also, the participants of this study were all current patients of the diabetes education center and thus the data does not reflect all the people who may have diabetes. Additionally, this was a cross-sectional which means that differences observed by sex was only at a given point in time.

According to American Diabetes Association almost 30 million children and adults in the United States have diabetes. 1.7 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year. If we look on statistic data 12.3 % of all young people age twenty have diabetes in United States. In the group sixty five and older percentage of ill people equal to 25.9 and it

The main goal of this analysis is to examine the trends of type 2 diabetes during 14 years and the effort of federal, state, local authority in the prevention of the condition, which is fundamental to avoid complications from type 2 diabetes, such as damage in the eyes, kidney, nerves, sexual problems, double the risks of heart attack and stroke, cancer, eating disorder, foot problems, joint and bone, brain conditions, oral health, pregnancy related complications and skin issues (Geiss, L; MacKeever, K.; Brinks, R.; Hoyer, A. & Gregg, E, 2014). The data used from 1999 -2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on non-pregnant adult (aged 18 years) non reporting diagnosis of diabetes. The research measured case detention as the provability of finding undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among gender, race/ethnicity, education, poverty-income ratio (PIR). According with the data colleting during the study which suggested that detention of underdiagnosed type 2 diabetes among adults did not increase in the USA from 1999 to 2014. Those finding stand in contract to the impression that the medical field is not doing a good job (Geiss, L.; MacKeever, K.; Brinks, R.; Hoyer, A.; & Gregg, E. 2014).

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the rate of childhood obesity has doubled in children and quadrupled in adolescents in the past 30 years (“Childhood Obesity Facts”). With increasing rates of childhood obesity, it’s not a surprise that diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases found among children in the United States today (“Diabetes in Youth”). In fact, according to the American Diabetes Association, an estimated 208,000 Americans under the age of 20 will be diagnosed with diabetes in one year. Diabetes, or commonly referred to as diabetes mellitus by doctors and professionals, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person’s blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. To understand how one’s body produces and reacts to sugar, one must have a basic knowledge of glucose and insulin. Humans obtain glucose from the foods they intake. Glucose is a vital source of energy for the body’s cells and tissues. Insulin is a hormone that allows cells to turn glucose into energy; insulin helps transport glucose into the body’s tissues, thus giving cells the energy required to carry out the processes necessary for life. If a person’s body does not produce enough insulin needed for the body to function efficiently, the glucose stays in their blood, thus accumulating and causing a high level of blood sugar. (Medline Plus)

The study included 2040 individuals over 18 years old with type 2 diabetes, who could communicate in English and signed the consent form. The recruitment period was from December 2011 to December 2013.

It has been said that approximately 21 million people in the United States, or 7% of the population, have been diagnosed with diabetes and about 6 million more who have this disease are unaware of it. That sounds like a lot, and in fact the worldwide number of people diagnosed with diabetes is climbing over 170 million. Where did this disease come from, and how many more people will it affect? ¶

Type 2 diabetes can occur at any age. "More than 80% of clients are overweight and do not always experience classic symptoms."(Rosdahl, 2012). The pancreas still produces the insulin. The clients do not depend on injection insulin to sustain life, but they may require insulin for adequate glucose control. The risk factors include heredity, obesity, age, stress, and lack of exercise. The

Often, question would be asked by parents, school districts, and community: “How many children have diabetes?” and is their way to control it through a school system. Unfortunately, there is no way to track down the rate with children with diabetes. However, the “SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth is a multicenter study funded by CDC and NIH to examine diabetes (type 1 and type 2) among children and adolescents in the United States. SEARCH findings for the communities studied include the following.”- cdc.org

Diabetes can be inherited from your family. If any member a family has the condition, the others have a disposition of it. While having a genetic disposition to T2D, adjustable lifestyle factors increase the risk significantly. There is evidence that factors in a child’s early life can contribute to an individual being overweight or obese such as low birth weight, not getting breastfed by their mother and poor nutrition while in utero. The levels of physical activity and one’s diet in childhood also plays a role in determining a child’s weight later. People from a low socioeconomic background with a low level of education, may not have the knowledge about T2D and what lifestyle factors can lead to developing the condition compared to individuals from a higher socioeconomic population group, with high levels of education. An aspect of low socioeconomic status is earning a low income or even being unemployed, may determine the type of food they purchase for themselves and their family. Unhealthy foods like packaged meals that have many preservatives and additives are usually priced