Developmental Psychologist Erik Erikson 's Stages Of Psychosocial Development

Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1902. Because his mother was Jewish and his father was not, he was often bullied in school. He had blonde hair and blue eyes, so his Jewish peers mocked him for standing out and being different, and his peers at school teased him simply for being Jewish. His own internal conflict with his identity sparked his interest in identity formation and development. Although he never actually received a degree in medicine or psychology, he became friends with Anna Freud who helped him study psychoanalysis. Erikson supported and was influenced by many of Sigmund Freud’s ideas. Freud had a theory on development, he called it the 5 stages of psychosexual development, this is one of the theories that Erikson

Eric Erikson was one of the most famous theorists of the twentieth century; he created many theories. One of the most talked about theories is his theory of psychosocial development. This is a theory that describes stages in which an individual should pass as they are going through life. His theory includes nine stages all together. The original theory only included eight stages but Erikson‘s wife found a ninth stage and published it after his death. The nine stages include: trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, integrity vs. despair, and hope and faith vs. despair (Crandell and Crandell,

At the age of 6 years old, a child would most likely experienced the school system which would include pre-school and kindergarten. There are many physical, cognitive and social changes that are happening in middle childhood development. This paper will examine what these changes affect the child’s ability to function in society. This analysis will focus on the normal course of development in middle childhood as it applies to the theorist Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages and then give examples of what may happen if the developments are not carried out.

Rachel Getting Married is a movie about a drug addict who 's coming home from rehab to attend her sister’s wedding. The main character’s name is Kim. In the movie, she is shown to have many issues going on, ranging from an incomplete stage of Erikson 's to symptoms of depression. Throughout the movie, she goes through many emotional turmoils and drama, which changes her behavior.

Our lifetime is full of lessons and trials that we go through to help us mature and learn. As mentioned before, babies have several needs that have to be met as they rely on their caregivers for all of their dependencies. They will form a healthy amount of trustworthiness in people if their needs are met but if they are not consistently met, the infant will start to distrust the individuals. When their needs are met with unavailability or rejection the child forms a sense of mistrust in their caregivers, the outcome is fear and a conclusion that the world itself is very unreliable and erratic. The infant looks to their main caregivers for reliability and consistency to dissolve those uneasy feelings of doubt. If the child’s care was harsh and undependable, they will not have assurance in the world or in their own capabilities. They will bring that distrust from their infancy to their adulthood and into future relations. If the care they received was bad it will result in major feelings of anxiety, insecurities, and an overall feeling of

Since the development of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial model of development in the 1960s, it has become one of the most widely used measurements for studying emotional and personality development across the human lifespan (Dunkel & Harbke, 2017). Erikson’s model contains eight developmental stages, beginning in infancy and progressing until old age, and as a person ages they begin to pass through the stages, with a new psychological crisis arising at each stage (Svetina, 2014). Whitbourne, Sneed and Sayer (2009) describe how the outcome of each crisis is met with identity attainment and new personal adaptations (positive outcome), or with an incoherent identity (negative outcome). Additionally, each new stage allows for the reassessment of previous achievements, and in some cases, failures (Dunkel & Harbke, 2017). Erikson’s model is commonly recognised as a developmental ladder – each previous stage lays a foundation before an individual can progress toward the next stage (Malone, Liu, Valliant, Rentz & Waldinger, 2016). It is important to note that whilst they are referred to as “stages”, they should be viewed as being on a continuum rather than fixed categories (Dunkel & Harbke, 2017).

According to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, Neveah is in middle adolescence, which is focused on the conflict of identity verses role confusion (Ashford & LeCroy, 2010). The developmental characteristics of middle adolescents include sexual identity, role experimentation, moral development, and self-discovery (Ashford & LeCroy, 2010). Adolescents are evaluating how they fit into society and more specifically their social sphere. During this time, friends, social groups, and cultural trends greatly impact the adolescent. According to Gibbs (2015), at this stage in development it is critical to be valued and accepted by a peer group. To evaluate Neveah’s stage of development, her ethnicity, immigration, and history of childhood abuse must be taken into consideration. According to Ashford and LeCroy (2010), adolescent immigrants face the unique challenge of fulfilling their sense of belonging, while facing issues of acculturation and minority status. As they seek to develop their own identity, they must combine the norms, values, and culture of their minority status and the dominant Caucasian culture (Ashford & LeCroy, 2010). Adolescent immigrants face more discrimination as well as are hyper-cognizant of their differences in appearance and language (Ashford & LeCroy, 2010). According to Chicchetti and Toth (1995), child maltreatment effects the development of attachment and affect regulation. They further state that studies

Infancy through toddlerhood embodies the stage of life during which we emerge from the womb up until about 1 ½ years old. This period of growth as we become a human in the world is punctuated by the crisis that Erikson describes as “Trust vs. Mistrust”. During this time, infants are unsure of just about everything, because they have no experience with anything (maybe change to lack experience). Learning what things they can and cannot trust is crucial and they look to their primary caregiver to guide them. For example, a person who was not given close caregiver relationships during infancy and toddlerhood may grow up to be reserved and less likely to confide in others or look for (seek out) guidance in them(delete). I spoke with my mother

The critical period in childhood development is when the newborn needs to spend time with the mother. As the mother bonds with the child it creates a baseline of interaction where the child can learn how to trust the parent. Many newborns need to be close to the mother after birth because if not they are liable to fall into illness. Thus, in chapter one, Erikson’s idea of 8 stages of the human life span, the first one is trust vs. mistrust (Santrock 17). As the child receives the attention required it will learn how to trust adults, however, when going thru mistrust it is not receiving the care it needs and later on in life develops trust issues. Also it causes further more complications later on thru the child’s life-span

If the care the infant receives is consistent, predictable and reliable, they will develop a sense of trust and they will be able to feel secure even when threatened. But if the care has been harsh or inconsistent, then the infant will develop a sense of mistrust and will not have confidence in the world around them.

After birth the medics immediately put me on my mothers chest and my father cut the umbilical cord. After this they took me away to clean me up and run some tests before brining me back. I weighed five pounds and fifteen ounces and I was nineteen inches long. I stayed in the room with my mother from that point on at the hospital and at my own house. After we left the hospital after delivery day, my mom started breast feeding then. I was breast-fed for two months after birth, then my parents decided to lour me into formula. Unlike my brother who was strictly fed with formula. When interviewing my mother she stated that she wanted to breast-fed me because she was uncertain that she would have more children after me so she wanted to try. My first solid food was baby cereal mixed with formula. My favorite foods were dutch apples and peach cobblers as an infant. My favorite

Erik Erikson’s identification of the several stages of psychosocial development is a brilliant theory. He acknowledged the significance of the unconscious mind and early childhood, as well as, furthered his studies and developed his own ideas. It provides a good base of knowledge for understanding what conflicts individuals may be facing at their particular developmental levels. This involves developing a sense of trust in others, a sense of identity in society, and assisting the next generation for the future. The Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial stages of development accuracy can perhaps be demonstrated when reflected to one’s life’s span. I was surprised by the accuracy of the stages when reflected to my own, especially my current stage which is Erikson’s sixth stage (young adulthood, 20 to 39 years old) Intimacy vs Isolation. In this stage, the most important factor is intimate relationships. I can strongly relate to Erikson’s theory of this stage where he asserts, it is not the quantity, but the quality of the relationships that

Erikson’s theory states that there are eight psychological stages of development. I have chosen to discuss my grandchildren, who are both in the same stage, the developmental period or preschool years. They are both currently learning more responsibilities by having chores and having more accountability for their own personal care. They are choosing their own clothing, food, and toys. My granddaughter has taken to only wanting to play with specific toys. Where she is mimicking things she sees her mother and I do, like cooking and cleaning. Where my grandson is learning more from watching his older sister and mimicking her. According to Erikson’s theory we need to make sure we do not put too many responsibilities on them, since this could cause

Erik Erikson came up with eight stages of psychosocial development. These eight stages are stages that one passes through from infancy to late adulthood and is characterized by a psychosocial crisis of two conflicting forces. It is known that Erik Erikson’s fifth and sixth stages are the two of the highest hurdles to jump in life. The fifth stage occurs during adolescence and its psychosocial crisis is identity vs. role confusion. The sixth stage occurs in early adulthood and contains the psychosocial crisis of intimacy vs. isolation.

Growing up experiencing his own identity crisis and misfortunes during his childhood, Erik Homberger Erikson, a well-known psychologist, used this as an inspiration to further one’s understanding of a healthy personality and sense of self. This gave rise to his successful establishment of the theory of Psychosocial Development. Although derived from Sigmund Freud’s theory of Psychosexual Development, Erickson believed that a person’s social experiences cause a great impact on their sense of identity throughout their entire lifespan in eight different stages of development, as opposed to the five stages Freud assumed ended when a person reaches early adulthood (Cherry. 2016). Erickson theorized that a person’s ability to successfully complete a stage of development, regardless of their developmental challenges, directly affected the outcome of a healthy or unhealthy personality and sense of self. In his attempt to exceed further in understanding how a person’s social environment affects their personality and identity, Erikson’s findings became great contributions to the study of psychology.