Devil's Liar

Archaeologists believe that aboriginals first came to Australia about 45, 000 years ago and were the only population of humans in Australia until the British invasion. There are about 500 different aboriginal groups each with their own language and territory and usually made up of several separate clans. The aboriginals of Australia are marginalised in today society. This marginalisation began right back during the British invasion where they were evicted from their own country, the stolen generation occurred and their health care, education, employment and housing was severely limited. Aboriginals generally live in poor conditions and choose unhealthy lifestyle choices

Indigenous populations have been the carers and custodians of Australia and the Torres Strait for a period in excess of 60,000 years before being

There is close to 5000 Aboriginal sites in the Sydney region including rock carvings, ncluding rock art, shell middens, axe grinding grooves, ceremonial grounds, burial sites, stone quarries, fish traps and water holes.

Aboriginal Studies and Torres Strait Islander Studies include histories, cultures, values, beliefs, languages, lifestyles and roles of Aboriginal societies or Torres Strait Islander societies before and after invasion. This study of Torres Strait Islander people and Aboriginal people presents an accurate history of Australia.

The Narrabeen man body was discovered in North of Sydney, Octavia Street and Ocean street near a bus shelter. His body wasn’t well preserved because the sand was quite warm and also his body was under the sand for 4000 years.

Aboriginals concept of land is different compared to the Europeans view of land being an economic resource or investment, but to indigenous land is so much more, it is a part of their identity and soul. But when settlers came they classified the land as terra nullius which is Latin term for “land belonging to no one”. soon enough aboriginals had no control over their land or even their own properties until the 1900s where aboriginals fought for the land but didn’t receive anything but small victories in the 1970s until a

A few hundred kilometres to the south-east of Broken Hill in Mungo National Park, the land’s eldest human remnants were found. Mungo National Park offers continuous 40,000 year record by Aboriginal people for the occupation of Australia.

Aboriginal and Torres Trait Islander people migrated to Australia from Asia and Africa about40,000 years ago.They had a nomadic lifestyle.They hunted animals for food and used weapons made of wood and metal to hunting eg:-Boomerang.

The Naracoorte caves provides plenty of information about the history during the Pleistocene era. In terms of a scientific understanding, Palaeontologists have excavated and dated many of the fossils in Naracoorte Caves and have reconstructed the skeletons of a number of the megafauna that inhabited the area so many years ago. This gives them a better understanding of the evidence supporting Australia’s changing environment, climate and fauna and how each of these contributing factors have played a major role in the extinction of these megafauna's. With the reasons provided, the protection of the Naracoorte caves is essential as the caves holds many scientific evidence and fascinating values as well as Australia's record of

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have a long and rich history in Australia. In the community in which I live, and hopefully will be working, many programs and events have been set up to support, encourage and maintain the qualities and efforts of the original owners of this land. Browsing through the council website, I was able to find information relating to the Aboriginal people who once lived in the western parts of Melbourne, they were the ‘Yalukit Wilum, a name meaning 'river camp' or 'river dwellers'.’ The council has provided links to a book written about their lives which details their cultural practices, their religious beliefs, their customs, key events in their calendar and other important information.

- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples inhabited the land of Australia for many thousands of years

The process of colonisation by European powers, as might be expected, has had a radical effect on Aboriginal culture. The settlers viewed the natives as barbarians, seizing tribal land and, in many cases, following a policy of pacification by force. Many others died of disease, starvation, cultural dislocation and neglect. Today, there are fewer than 230,000 Aborigines in Australia, less than 2% of the population.

Like most of the coasts in Victoria, the area nearby the Marine National Park of Twelve Apostles is significant because of the extensive use of the coastal aborigines. Quite a bit of significant indigenous cultural sites have been discovered along close by coasts such as stone artefact scatters and middens. Even though There have been no archaeological (very old, ancient) sites discovered, the national park local aboriginal communities still hold a powerful connection with The Twelve Apostles and nearby coasts.

The Aborigines are the indigenous people of Australia. According to their traditional beliefs, the Aborigines have inhabited Australia since the beginning of time, but most modern dating techniques have placed the first native Australians at closer to 60,000 years ago, based on carbon dating of fossils and knowledge of geological changes in the region. Sea levels have fluctuated throughout history and were 200 meters lower at the time the ancestors of the Aborigines were thought to have made their way to Australia. This still left large expanses of open water that had to be crossed- up to 100 km- indicating that these people had developed some sort of sea-faring technology long before any other people. The Aboriginal

Australian Aborigines believe that to destroy or damage a sacred site threatens not only the present inhabitants but also the spiritual inhabitants of the land. Broome described that "Each tribe believed that its boundaries were fixed and validated by the stories about the movements of their ancestors, and therefore there was no reason to desire or try to possess the country of another group: it would have seemed meaningless to them since their creation stories only related to their own piece of territory" (14). Australian Aborigines traveled around a land that was a symbolic and religious world. There were not simply rocks, trees, and watering holes but they were objects and places that the great ancestors had created and places where they still lived. The Aboriginal culture stressed continuity over change.