Diabetes : A Common And Well Known Disease

Several nationwide programs and incentives were administered in the last couple of decades to promote awareness of diabetes and hopefully help prevent millions of Americans from developing diabetes. Health Agencies, such as World Health Organization (WHO) and Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), have developed objectives to tackle diabetes. Some of these objectives include conducting surveillance and obtaining diabetes data to identify trends in the population, spreading awareness about the condition, and developing programs that will enhance diabetes care and ensure the longevity of the patients. Various programs have been developed but while some excel, others fail to benefit the lives of the patient.

According to the United States Library of Medicine, diabetes is a disease that occurs when the body does not make or use insulin correctly, therefore causing fluctuating amounts of glucose in the blood. Diabetes is a disease that affects millions of adults and children from various cultures. According to the American Diabetes Association (2014), someone is diagnosed with diabetes every 19 seconds. The Center of Disease Control and Prevention most recent statistical report indicated there were 29.1 million adults and children affected by diabetes. Those numbers are astounding. Unfortunately, the American Diabetes Association (2014) estimates by year of 2050, one out of three adults will have diabetes. Therefore, it is imperative that adults take aggressive measures to prevent this disease. By the same token, diabetes diagnosed in children and adolescent is becoming more prevalent every day. The American Diabetes Association (2014) reported there were about 216, 00 children in the United States with diabetes. It is predicted that one out three children will be diagnosed with diabetes in their life. The statistics for both adults and children with diabetes are frightening; however, early detection can help lower the risk of developing the debilitating effects of diabetes.

Improving relationships between patient-provider will increase communication which is essential to improve outcomes and lower healthcare expenditures. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) there are about 350 million people suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) and by 2030, diabetes will become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide with diabetes deaths expected to raise by 50% by the next 10years. (http:/ /www.who.int/features/factfiles/diabetes/en/index.html.) Cases of diagnosed diabetes cost the United States an estimated$245million in 2012. This cost is expected to rise with the increasing diagnoses. (Center for Disease and Control and prevention).

Type 2 diabetes has become an epidemic in the United States. Diabetes affects 25.8 mil-lion people of all ages, which is 8.3% of the total population in the United States (NDIC, 2011). Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes cases and is strongly associated with obesity, age, and physical inactivity (NDIC, 2011). Apart from its prevalence, diabetes involves direct medical costs of $116 billion, and medical expenditures for those with the diagnosis are 2.3 times higher than expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes (NDIC, 2011). Practitioners need to focus on finding the perfect treatment regimen, which may include physical activity along with diet modifications and pharmacologic interventions, in an effort to decrease the financial burden, control blood glucose levels, and improve the overall health of this population. The com-plications of untreated type 2 diabetes can be fatal, with heart disease, stroke, hypertension, blindness, kidney disease, and amputation among the more serious problems (NDIC, 2011). As a future family nurse practitioner, I will treat hundreds of adults and even children with type 2 di-abetes or at risk for it, and knowing the most successful interventions is foundational to being able to provide the best care to this patient population.

Diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterized by elevated glucose due to insulin resistance or deficiency. About 29.1 million people in America are reported to have diabetes with the highest prevalence occurring in men; about 25.9% of adults 65 years and older have diabetes.1 Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes, often due to insulin resistance. Metformin is the treatment of choice in patients with T2DM, a second agent such as a sulfonylurea is added to metformin in patients who are not at goal or unable to tolerate metformin therapy. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines, the choice of a second agent should be based on a patient-centered approach to include efficacy, safety, the effect on

It is not news to anyone that one of the most known disease in the world is diabetes mellitus, people with type two diabetes produces some insulin, but not enough to keep their blood sugar at a normal level, however the one that are affected by the type 1 diabetes or childhood-onset type 1 DM do not produce insulin at all. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. (ADA, 2015) . That circumstance puts them at greater risk for heart disease, renal disease and blindness to name a few. Sadly Worldwide, the occurrence of type 1 DM has been steadily rising, representing a significant burden on the people and to the health-care systems. Although momentous improvements in the care of T1DM patients, a subsection remain in major difficulty due to stubborn hypoglycemia. The possibility of IT offers the chance of better glycemic mechanism. Currently we are observing considerable advancement in the number and results of IT phenomenal. In type 1 DM is an autoimmune disease that causes the body the destruct the b cells in the pancreas, which are responsible for the production of insulin. As a result, supplementation of insulin is a must in the management of the disease through meticulous care of multiple daily injections to control blood glucose. Even accommodating to the treatment many do not maintain a stable blood glucose level and are at risk for metabolic problems. Ultimately replacing of β cells are the only

Type 2 Diabetes is a is a growing medical problem in the United States. Consequently, it is necessary that healthcare providers

The condition begins with an individual’s ability to provide self-care through management of weight, diet and an understanding of the disease. In addition, poor management leads to a multitude of comorbidities including obesity, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and hypertension (American Diabetes Association, 2016). Utilization of the CCM for diabetes type 2 management offers improved outcomes related to an integrative approach of care. The individual is involved in self-management through educational programs and organizations along with a health care provider to acknowledge the condition and organize a plan of care (AHRQ, 2016). Management of one’s glycemic index decreases the risk for further complications. The patients primary care provider assesses and screens the patient for the condition or risk factors and creates a plan of care with the patient which is accessible by all those involved in the care. In conjunction with outside resources like referrals to an endocrinologist and to a community diabetes education specialist the individual is assisted with a holistic plan of care to promote adherence and active improvement. As present with the CCM a comprehensive and active approach to chronic conditions promotes a proactive approach to decreasing the progression of these

Diabetes is associated with wide range of complications such as chronic renal failure, blindness, amputations, heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, and neuropathy (Alotabi, A., et al., 2016). There is no known cure for diabetes, but the disease can be controlled through health management that includes multiple perspectives of care such as medications, blood glucose monitoring, diet, nutrition, screening for long-term complications and regular physical activity (Alotabi, A., et al., 2016). Managing diabetes may be complicated and requires the knowledge and skills of both healthcare providers and the clients. Studies have shown that to prevent or delay diabetic complications due to diabetes, counseling and other lifestyle interventions are the effective therapy. Even with many policies set up for diabetes, 8.1 million Americans are undiagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and approximately 86 million Americans ages 20 and older have blood glucose levels that considerably increase their risk of developing Diabetes Mellitus in the next several years (CDC, 2015). For diabetes care to be successful there needs to be a good understanding of the disease and management by both patients and healthcare providers,

8.3 percent of Americans have a disease called diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes. It is characterized by high blood sugar, brought on either because the pancreas is not producing enough of a hormone called insulin, which helps remove glucose from the blood, or because the cells are unresponsive to the insulin that is being produced. Three symptoms that result from this high blood sugar are polyuria, or frequent urination, polydipsia, or increased thirst, and polyphagia, or increased appetite. When the body cannot produce insulin, this is called type 1 diabetes. People with this type of diabetes usually have to inject insulin or wear an insulin pump. In contrast, when cells simply cannot use insulin correctly, the patient has type 2 diabetes. This is usually treated by increasing exercise or making adjustments to the diet, which should lower blood sugar. Finally, a third type of diabetes called gestational diabetes occurs only in pregnant women. These women have not been previously diagnosed with diabetes, rather, they have developed high blood sugar during their pregnancy. If not effectively treated by making changes to the diet, gestational diabetes can be a precursor to type 2 diabetes as well as childhood obesity and eventual diabetes in the infant.

How would your life change if you were diagnosed with a life-threatening disease that you were told was incurable? Although there are tons of incurable diseases that people face every day, one of the major ones is diabetes. Diabetes is an incurable disease that not only affect the person diagnosed, but also their close friends and family members. For many years the Scott family has suffered from uncontrolled diabetes. However, their problem can be managed by a three-pronged approach: becoming educated, having a support team, and improving your lifestyle ways.

When a person has the “Sugar Disease”, otherwise known as diabetes, everything else in the body is compromised. The abilities to feed, grow, repair, detoxify, and heal the body are all changed. Digestion is the mechanical and chemical process of breaking down food and changing nutrients into forms your body can use which all takes place in your digestive tract that extends from your mouth to your rectum. Diabetes is a disorder that affects a person’s metabolism, which is the use of nutrients to provide energy. Glucose is the body’s main source of energy. Most foods we eat are broken down into glucose, the form of sugar in the blood, and enter the bloodstream after digestion. The glucose enters cells throughout the body to

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading chronic diseases that can cause high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia due to a lack of insulin, insulin resistance, or both. The four main types of diabetes mellitus include type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, and other specific types (Darby, 2015, 824). A high rate of periodontal disease has been reported with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (Al-Maskari, et al. 2011). Other manifestations are associated with diabetes mellitus and can cause discomfort for patients with diabetes. It is important for the dental hygienist to observe early identifications of diabetes mellitus and prepare a treatment plan to increase the quality of the patient’s life.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that is caused by due to defects in insulin secretion, action or both and is characterized by hyperglycemia. If left uncontrolled with proper treatment, diabetes could cause damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes (retinopathy), kidneys (nephropathy), nerves (neuropathy), heart, and blood vessels. Hyperglycemia with ketoacidosis or nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome is the other acute consequences of uncontrolled diabetes and is life threatening. 1

Diabetes Mellitus is a serious medical condition that can significantly affect the lives of individuals and lead to other medical complications. It has become a national health priority area due to the high number of individuals affected and the costs it places on the health care system. There are three forms of diabetes mellitus, these include Type I diabetes, type II diabetes and gestational diabetes. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disorder characterised by the inability of pancreatic beta cells to produce insulin in response to blood glucose levels. In normal homeostasis of the body the pancreas releases insulin to increase uptake of glucose by the liver and tissues to use as energy and increase the storage of glucose which reduces the concentration of glucose in the blood. If blood glucose levels are low, counter regulatory hormones are released causing the liver to release its stored glucose which will increase blood glucose concentration. Type I diabetes occurs when the pancreatic beta cells are attacked by the body’s T cells and can no longer produce insulin causing high blood glucose levels which can lead to serious medical conditions. While the exact cause of this is unknown, many genes have been associated with increased risk of this autoimmune response causing homeostatic imbalance of insulin and blood glucose levels, the most important of which is the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) complex. Variations of these genes can cause either susceptibility or resistance