Diabetes Case Study Essay

All patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and many patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) require insulin therapy at some point to adequately manage their disease state.5 Traditional treatment of DM therapy, which ultimately includes subcutaneous injection of insulin, is often met with apprehension among diabetic patients due to the inconvenience and discomfort of injecting oneself. Administration of insulin by methods other than injection has been investigated since the discovery of insulin in the 1920s.6One such

Carbohydrates, a primary source of energy for the body, are the sugars, starches, and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables, and milk products. The carbohydrates intake that I recorded reached the recommended level of carbohydrates intake. My intake of carbohydrate was 219.40 germs on the actual intakes list. Although it reached 80 percent of the recommended carbohydrates intake, my carbohydrate intake still below the goal in my calorie assessment report. Due to this, I should eat more vegetable or whole grains. Moreover, almost all my carbohydrates intake came from white rice, fruits, and noodles in my three-day diet food list. White rice, and noodles both contain high carbohydrates for

Carbohydrates are one of the important nutrients in our body which are our main source of energy for all body functions.

This article discusses the topic of medicine and explains how insulin was discovered. Michael Bliss illustrates early on in the process of discovering insulin researchers kept hoping that by injecting people with a portion of pancreas they could cause an improvement in diabetes. In the summer of 1921 Banting and Best experiment “isletin” now known as insulin, was successful, however, James Collip PH.D in biochemistry had purified insulin allowing it to be more consistent and effective. This article is from The Canadian Encyclopedia, which is a credible source because it is professionally edit and fact-checked. The author Michael Bliss also has a PH.D from the University of Toronto and provides factual content that is extremely unbiased. This

Rapid-acting Insulin: After the injection it starts working with approximate time of 15 minutes and it will be in peak for one hour but it continues to work for 2 to 4 hours. This can be usually taken prior to a meal and in addition with long- acting insulin.

A low carb diet keeps a check on the amount of carbohydrates that you take in your daily diet. Carbohydrates are a kind of calorie providing nutrient which is found in most foods and beverages.

I was surprised to learn this. For whatever reason I was under the impression that insulin was insulin. Conversely, there are different varieties of insulin available. Some brands that act quicker than others and some that are less expensive than others. Additionally, I discovered that there is an inhaled version of insulin. Finally, I learned about the GlucoStabilizer Program. This is a computerized program that tells the doctor exactly how much insulin a particular patient will need to keep their blood sugar in check. I have so often heard about patients adjusting dosages of insulin by trial and error, so I am really impressed to find out about this remarkable computer program and it’s use in maintaining normal blood glucose levels. I was glad for the opportunity to listen to the nurse’s lecture and learn a bit more about diabetes, she was certainly extremely knowledgeable about this disease. As with all of our guest speakers, I feel a bit more prepared as a PTA after having listened to this lecture and I am grateful to know that such a good resource person to know is out

For people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, counting carbohydrates is a way to match insulin requirements to the foods you eat and drink. For type 2 diabetics who don’t require insulin injections, carb counting is a way to monitor how carbs affect your blood glucose levels, manage your weight and medication intake.

much insulin to take.The factors rise and fall greatly through the day. It complicates the decision of what

In conjunction with the advancement in recombinant DNA technology, various insulin analogues have been produced which exhibit similar pharmacodynamics effects but modified pharmacokinetic properties. Insulin lispro, insulin aspart and insulin glulisine are the examples of rapid-acting insulin analogs which are commercially available in the clinical settings. Due to the reason of rapid onset and early peak action which closely mimic normal endogenous prandial insulin secretion as compared to regular insulin, rapid-acting insulins allow more physiologic prandial insulin replacement. On top of that, rapid-acting insulins permit to be taken immediately before the meal without sacrificing glucose

Some of the rapid acting insulins are: Insulin aspart (NovoLog), Insulin glusine (Apidra), Insulin lispro (Humalog). Whereas, some of the short acting insulins are: Insulin regular (Humulin). Intermediate acting insulin include insulin NPH (Novolin) and long acting Insulin include insulin detemic (Levemir) and insulin glargine (Lantus). All these types of insulin are widely available in the industry (Kin,

Pharmacokinetic studies have revealed that the peak plasma concentration of insulin lispro in the first hour after injection is twofold higher and that the time to maximum concentration of insulin lispro is less than half compared to that of human regular insulin. Compared with human regular insulin at the same time, insulin lispro leads to a lower postprandial glycaemic peak, shorter time to peak and lower total glucose excursion for the 0–4 h period. These characteristics enable insulin lispro to be injected within 15 min of starting a meal. ,

The patient presented in this article was a 20 year-old diabetic female with a history of repeated hospital admissions due to diabetic ketoacidosis. It is well known that diabetes mellitus, with its complications, is an important risk factor for fungal urinary tract infections. Other risk factors include repeated hospitalizations, placement of urinary drainage devices and prior antibiotic treatment.

Insulin lispro (Humalog) manufactured by Eli Lilly and it is the first rapid insulin to receive approval by the FDA in 1996. The insulin sequence at the position B28 (proline) and B29 (lysine) reversed to form lispro figure (1). The onset of activity is 15 minutes, peak action 60-90 minutes, and duration (3-4 hours); injected shortly before meals (0-15 minutes). Therefore it stimulates physiological insulin secretion relative to meals. The FDA approved the insulin lispro (Humalog) for pediatric patients from 3 years and older, and it is pregnancy category

Rapid acting insulin covers insulin needs for meals eaten at the same time as the injection. This type of insulin is often used with longer-acting insulin. Some things you want to remember with this type of insulin is that It needs to be taken with the first bite of food to prevent your patient from becoming hypoglycemic.