Diabetes Foot Care

I was just two weeks into my internal medicine rotation at Suez Canal University in Egypt, when I encountered a case that I still remember to this day. Ms. Rafat was an elderly diabetic patient that came into our clinic complaining of a persistent wound on the sole of her foot. Upon removing her boots, her complaint turned out to be a foot ulcer with an infection extending to the first and second metatarsal bones .Unfortunately for her, we had to break the news to her and her family that her foot would need amputation. Ms. Rafat was understandably upset but took the news in stride. Following up on her case, I learned that after the surgery, the blood flow to her leg became increasingly poor and she had to return to have a below the knee amputation. Ms. Rafat ended up dying of pulmonary embolism as a complication of her second surgery. This case stayed with me not only because it

They include: heart and blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, nerves, gums and teeth. In regards to the heart and blood vessels, there are approximately 65% of death that is caused by diabetes due to major complication of heart disease and stroke. In the peripheral artery diseases diabetes also plays a major role in the cause of poor blood flow in the legs and feet. Many studies show that controlling diabetes can prevent or stop the progression of heart and blood vessel disease. Blood vessel damage or nerve damage may also lead to foot problems that can lead to amputations. More than 60% of leg and foot amputations not related to an injury are due to diabetes. Another complication of diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in the U.S. There has been a number of eye problems that if not addressed can lead to eye blindness which include: glaucoma,cataracts and diabetic retinopathy. Ninety percent of diabetic-related blindness as study shown could be prevented if there would be regular eye exams and timely treatment of diabetes-related eye problems. Furthermore, kidney failure is also one leading cause of further complication that resulted from uncontrolled diabetes in the U.S. It is said that drugs that help lower blood pressure can help the chance to developing kidney failure by 33%. Also diabetes on nerves can lead to loss of sensation or pain and burning of the feet because nerves are harmed due to over time high blood sugar levels. It can also

assess, diagnose and treat abnormalities and diseases related to the foot and lower limb in people of all ages

We further uncovered that the prior fact-finding of the Claimant’s right-foot pre-existing permanent diabetic disability condition, combined with his job duties may have exacerbated the claimant's current medical condition to his right foot by having continued further ulcers and infections.

The number of people with diabetes is greatly increasing around the world. A large percentage of this population can be expected to develop diabetic foot ulcers. During the mid-19th century the problem of diabetic foot ulcers was discovered and discussed for the first time (Naves, 2016). In the mid-19th century, diabetic foot ulcers were treated by prolonged bed rest, although it was only a temporary fix because they started to notice that the ulcers would come back once they were back on their feet again. It is not until Frederick Treves (1853-1923), famous for performing the first appendectomy, suggested a different approach for the treatment of foot ulcers which is using sharp debridement of callus (Naves, 2016). After debridement, antiseptic

Resident alert, oriented and able to and follow two step verbal instructions. resident co-operated well with the assessment. Reported ongoing right shoulder and bilateral knee pain. hypersensitivity on his bilateral toes. Resident maintained ROM in the bilateral UE and LE, which is within the functional limits. Strength maintained at 4+/5 in UE and LE muscle groups. A decline in his endurance and activity tolerance noted from the last assessment. Some tightness noted in the bilateral hamstrings and calf muscles. Resident has good sitting and fair standing balance. His Tinetti score declined from 20/28 to 16/28 since the last assessment, which indicates a high fall risk. Resident ambulates short distance(SOBE noted) with one assist using 4WW

• Take sponge baths until your health care provider says that you can start showering or bathing.

The most common causative factor is profound peripheral neuropathies, which often inhibits nociception as aforementioned. Peripheral neuropathies occur due to the sustained hyperglycemic state of a diabetic patient which generate oxidative stress and glycosylate nerve cells. Consequently, the risk of developing DFUs increases as the patients are more vulnerable to physical and thermal trauma [13] Moreover, damage to the motor neurons that innervate foot musculature can also lead to excessive plantar pressure, which is another causative factor for the increased risk of DFUs [13].

Commonly used techniques in clinical practice for healing and preventing foot ulcers are offloading and footwear. The goal of this article was to assess the medical, scientific literature to have a

The main cause of Charcot foot is repetitive injuries seen in patients who have peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy is defined as a break in communication, or damage done to, a peripheral nerve resulting in a loss in varying degrees of sensation. Peripheral neuropathy has

Check the nature of nerve entrapment syndrome of the foot and ankle to familiarize yourself with the details of their possible causes and the spectrum

Literature reviews provide nurses with “critically appraised and scientifically proven evidence for delivering safe quality care” (Majid, Foo, Luyt, Zhang, Theng, Chang & Mokhtar, 2011, p. 229). Use of the evidenced-based information found in the literature review provided the writer with information to change clinical practice. It was evident that a foot check program was needed in the writer’s hemodialysis unit to prevent foot complications because of the high incidence of diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. There were many literature reviews read in preparation for planning a foot check program. According to Jones, Crawley, Phillips & Riley (2013) all hemodialysis patients must be considered at high risk for foot ulceration. It was

Deformities — The structure and appearance of the feet and foot joints can show that diabetic complications. Nerve damage can foot deformities and lead to joint. The toes may have a peculiar "claw toe" appearance, and the foot arch and other bones may appear collapsed. This destroy of joints and the bones is called Charcot

The foot care device is basically a long handled sponge with a mirror attached. This particular piece of adaptive equipment can help patients in the areas of occupation ADLs personal hygiene and grooming and the IADL health management and maintenance. The device can help patients inspect the bottoms of their feet or other hard to see areas on their body. This device can play a key role in early detection of pressure ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers.

About 6 percent who develop the foot ulcer will be hospitalized due to infection or other ulcer-related complication (APMA, 2014).