Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 : A Disease Of The Endocrine System

Type 1 diabetes is well known disease, some of us or someone we know are the victim of this chronic illness. There are controversial explanation such as, genetic susceptibility and in contrary, environmental factors that are viral infection, prenatal and neonatal influence, nitrate in drinking water, (Norris et al, 2003) early exposure to cow’s milk towards why the immune system destroy the insulin producing beta cell. In this essay, I will be discussing about the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes and how it affect the homeostasis of our normal functioning body. In subject to Carol, I will be explaining the signs and symptoms of the illness and also the possible effects to her developing foetus and herself.

This report will focus on the endocrine system and how it is supporting the body to function well. The link between the effects of the endocrine system and type 2 diabetes will be highlighted. A clear distinction of normal endocrine functions will be explained and in addition the effects due to the condition of type 2 diabetes. The normal human body consists of two main systems which work together to sustain homeostasis. The two systems involved are the nervous system and the endocrine system. (1)

What is diabetes mellitus, and what action can I take to manage my Diabetes? Diabetes is a disease that affects the body systems that include; nervous system, integumentary system, genitourinary system, cardiovascular system, circulatory system, and endocrine system. In the Chinese traditions they see diabetes as having a yin deficiency or having an excessive amount of yang that is causing disharmony between the elements that provide nourishment to you spleen and pancreas. The medical and nutritional approach interconnects when investigating the individual cause of the increase susceptibility to diabetes mellitus.

Type 1 diabetes, previously called juvenile diabetes, is an incurable condition that is normally diagnosed in children and young adults. Type one diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with an unknown cause. Symptoms can be subtle and if gone undiagnosed and untreated, T1D can be fatal. The treatment of T1D requires daily injections of insulin to break down excess sugar in the blood. Treatment costs of diabetes are high and the complications associated with T1D only increases those costs. Historically people with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) did not have long life expectancy. Today with advancements in treatment, commitment to managing insulin levels and living a healthy life style, T1D patients can lead a long an full life.

Type 1 diabetes is a disease where the pancreas no longer produces insulin for the body function properly and survive. When your body is no longer producing insulin, you will need a way to provide your body with insulin to function properly and to survive. Type 1 Diabetes in children is commonly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes.

The organ or organ system that this disease targets is the body’s blood circulatory system, as it has something to do with the amount of sugar that is in the body. There are a whole range of symptoms that come with the fact that your body has abnormally high sugar levels. One of the symptoms is that your urine will also have high levels of sugar. However, this is a mainly harmless symptom. Some of the more dangerous symptoms include, when not treated properly, blindness, heart disease, a higher chance of stroke, and vascular disease that often leads to even more serious effects. These effects include gangrene and because of that, lead to the need of amputation.

In each individual human’s time on earth normally there is a great chance of some sort of tragedy to occur, while possibly in many different varieties. This could either be personal for each individual or could be from another individual’s decisions, however there are some situations that are out of an individual’s control. Leaving those affected the responsibility of taking charge of the problem while also controlling the situation and making the best of the situation. Although some of these situations are minimal risk of an individual’s health or others. There are specific cases that it is the opposite and the situation dealt to the individual is terminal or completely life altering. Health related issues and many other opportunities restricted by such a diagnoses. This situation is all too familiar to a personal experience in my own life. I have been diagnosed with an incurable disease called, Type One Diabetes. Which is an uncommon type of disease to affect people.

Type I Diabetes was once referred to as Juvenile Diabetes or Insulin Dependent type Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). Type 1 diabetes, is an incurable but treatable disease which can occur at any age but is mostly found in children. Couch et al. (2008) states, “Juvenile diabetes affects about 1 in every 400-600 children and more than 13,000 are diagnosed yearly” (pg. 1). A 2014 CDC fact sheet concerning diabetes, showed that, “In adults, type 1 diabetes accounts for approximately 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in the United States.” It seems that we all know someone who is affected by diabetes; either type 1 or type 2. Diabetes seems to be such a common-place illness and is much more prevalent in today’s society. However, this hasn’t always been the case. Gale (2002), states, “At the start of the 20th century, childhood diabetes was rare… (pg. 3353).” In this paper, I will provide information about Juvenile or Type I diabetes in order to educate the reader about this illness.

“Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that is characterized by chronic hypoglycemia” (ATI 2011). There are three classifications of Diabetes; Type One is classified as "juvenile-onset" or "insulin-dependent" diabetes. This type of diabetes does is where the immune system destroys cells that release insulin, eliminating the production of insulin in the body. Without insulin, cells can 't absorb the sugar in the body; sugars are used to make energy by the body. Secondly, Type Two diabetes is classified as "adult-onset" or "non-insulin dependent diabetes. This type of diabetes can develop at any age, and is usually based on lifestyle choices. In Type Two, the body isn’t able to make use of the insulin that is currently being produced, which is classified as resistance of insulin. As this disease progresses, the pancreas will produce less insulin, causing a deficiency. Thirdly, Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnancy. It is situational diabetes when the development of the fetus blocks the production of insulin by the pancreas.

Do you or a loved one have or suffer from diabetes? Unlike other diseases, diabetes could be both genetic and acquired. Diabetes affects the human body when your body isn’t able to produce enough insulin (a hormone made in your body) or your insulin isn’t working for your body very well. Insulin helps glucose or sugar from food enter the cells where it can be used to give the body energy. Without insulin, glucose remains in the blood stream and cannot be used for energy by the cells. Many say that it is formed by eating too much sugar like in cake or other sugary treats but diabetes is mostly not tied to that. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type one is somewhat the one conception from getting it from your parents. Just

What is Diabetes? Diabetes affects approximately 6% of Americans, 17 million people, and alarmingly 5.9 million of them are unaware that they have this chronic disease. Diabetes is a disease that is classified into two central types, type 1 and type 2. The disease results in the body being incapable of producing enough insulin and also causes an inability to use the insulin that has produced. Type 1 diabetes is considered to be an autoimmune disease that has the ability to destroy the facility of the pancreas to produce insulin. Type 2 diabetes is a more complex disease that is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels which causes the body to produce but causes an inability to properly use what has been produced. Although millions of Americans suffer from this chronic disease, which can immerge in early childhood with the little-known cause of the disease, it is believed that diabetes is triggered by poor diet, exercise, obesity and inherited through genetics. Diabetes is a very manageable disease when it detected early but left untreated and managed it can possibly lead to death. A poor diet and obesity are a few of the leading causes of type 2 diabetes, which is the result of nutritional deficiencies. An individual with a body mass index of thirty or more increases their chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Currently in America, younger children have a greater risk factor of developing type 2 diabetes due to long term diets that consists of high saturated

Diabetes Type 1 is a severe chronic disease, which arises from the lack of insulin caused by the destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. It is an autoimmune disease that attacks and destroys beta cells. In a healthy body, the immune system works as a guard, protecting our body from various foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria, although in case of type 1 diabetes immune system destroys body’s own cells. (CITE)

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 is a condition that results from the autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. This type of Diabetes Mellitus accounts for about 5% of cases of diabetes. It affects males and females equally, and is usually diagnosed under the age of twenty. I was diagnosed with Juvenile Diabetes when I was eleven. I had been experiencing the common symptoms of extreme thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and sugar cravings for a few weeks. I was taken to see a family doctor who diagnosed me with mononucleosis, and recommended I take a vitamin C supplement. Just over 24 hours later, I was experiencing hallucinations and loss of consciousness, and I was rushed to the emergency room with a blood glucose level of over 800mg/dL. Diabetes has since been an important part of my life, and I have found that by committing to “eating clean”, exercising regularly, and monitoring my blood glucose and insulin levels closely, I am able to keep my A1C at 6.0%. I am hoping to obtain a deeper understanding about the onset of type 1 diabetes.

Diabetes can be diagnosed and monitored by either a random or fasting blood sugar test, oral glucose tolerance test and using HBA1c. The oral glucose tolerance test, which is considered as a gold standard, has proven to be more useful, especially in clarifying the diagnosis and considering impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia (Blann, 2013). In addition, it may also be diagnosed by noticeable symptoms which arise from high blood sugar. These includes polyuria (urination), polydipsia (thirst) and weight loss (despite adequate consumption of food), visual disturbances and at times frequent recurrent infection and exhaustion (REFERENCES). Where there is presence or absence of symptoms known as asymptomatic, the clinician will then request for a urine sample to check for the presence of glucose and a fasting plasma glucose level in your blood to confirm a clear diagnosis.The finger prick test is an appropriate test for all patients, it has been approved and backed up by the national quality assurance scheme. It enables health professionals to carry out finger-prick Hb/c tests by matching the results found in the laboratory to the quality assurance results. Laboratory venous HbA1c must be done to confirm the finger prick test in an accredited laboratory.

Diagnosis: Diabetes mellitus can be diagnosed by performing blood chemistry or urinalysis. An affected specimen would have pale urine, with a low specific gravity and presence of glucose.