Diabetes Research Paper For Diabetes

Diabetes affects nearly 10% of the total population and national cost of more than $200 billion each year in the United States (Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, 2017). Before the patient protection and affordable care act (PPACA), many low-income diabetes patients had no or very limited access of health insurance coverage due to financial disadvantage. PPACA Title II-Role of public programs expanded Medicaid coverage to individuals under 133% of the federal poverty level (Obamacarefacts.com, 2013). Nurses directly interact with low-income diabetes patients to guide, advocate, educate and navigate the complex healthcare system to deliver the best evidenced care (Marquis &

From the researches, it is common wisdom that uninsured adults reported overall health, compared to the individuals who were enrolled in medical insurance facilities like the Medicaid. They are less likely to report multiple health conditions. However, the reason behind the number of uninsured individuals reporting less issues of hypertension is the fact that most of these issues go unnoticed. These conditions were more likely undiagnosed and uncontrolled. The research found out that about 80% of the uninsured adults had an uncontrolled condition, compared to the 63.4% of the insured adults. This shows that technically, uninsured adults had more issues with hypertension, only that they were not diagnosed and their conditions are not

In 1922 a person with Diabetes was treated with Insulin for the first time. In 1940 American Diabetes Association was founded to address the growing incidence of diabetes and the problems that develop from the disease. In 1995 State efforts to improve health coverage initiated The American Diabetes Association (ADA) focused on improving the health insurance coverage available to people with diabetes. The Association has formed partnerships and coalitions with state elected officials and other health organizations to ensure that everyone has access to quality health care coverage. In 2010 President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act into law that created major health care reform in the United States, including putting an end to discriminatory health insurance practices. In 2013, Health Insurance Marketplaces opened in every state, providing a new opportunity for individuals and families to purchase health insurance. In 2014 the occurrence of diabetes complications significantly improved because of research advances and preventive care over the course of 20 years (1990-2010). Unfortunately, the same year, CDC reported that 9.3% of the U.S. population have diabetes. Continued investment in critical research is required to ultimately Stop Diabetes (ADA,

Socioeconomic status is a health disparity in the United States. In 2012, McHenry concluded that there are approximately 84,000 preventable deaths that occur each year. Although the ACA has provided accessible health care to many people that would otherwise not be able to afford health insurance there still is a large population uninsured (Brown & Divenere, 2017). African Americans have a high prevalence of

The percent change in spending for heart disease was attributed to a 68.6% increase in cost per treated case and a 30.3% increase in the population treated. Heart disease spending was the largest among 15 medical conditions experiencing the largest rise in spending. Interestingly, the rise in cost per treated hypertension case accounted for 60% of the overall growth in spending for hypertension compared with a 19% rise in treated prevalence of the disease. This was attributed to the emergence of new and more costly antihypertensive drugs. In contrast, 50% of the rise in health care spending for diabetes was a result of a rise in treated prevalence and only 24% was attributed to an increased cost per treated case. The total spending for diabetes increased from $8.6 billion in 1987 to $18.28 billion in 2000. Spending for diabetes will surely rise exponentially in the next 10 years because of the continued increase in prevalence of the population being treated and an increased cost per case as new diabetic drugs enter the pharmacologic armamentarium. The spending for diabetes and the spending for heart disease are obviously intertwined.

Another downside to High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) is the apprehensiveness to use the insurance, even the benefits that are free or at a low cost. “Enrollees in high-deductible health plans are likely to reduce the preventive care use and are largely; because they are unaware of the fact that preventive care benefits are free or at a low cost (Dolan February 2016).” Recent analysis showed that low-income workers were more likely than higher earners to avoid certain kinds of care when they were enrolled in high-deductible plans coupled with savings accounts. The analysis from the Employee Benefit Research Institute, found that low-income people even skipped free preventive services like flu shots and cut back on doctors’ visits. Primary and preventive

Despite the improvements made toward health reform, there are still problems that need to be address. There are still cost related access problems among insured adults, particularly among people with lower incomes. According to the Commonwealth Fund Biennial Health Insurance Survey of 2014, 33 percent of adults who had been insured all year with incomes under 200 percent of poverty and 25 percent with incomes above that level said they did not get needed care because of costs in the past 12 months (Collins et al., 2015). The high deductibles and cost sharing in both employer and individually purchased private plans lead many adults to delay or avoid needed care (Collins et al., 2015). Also there is still a large share of adults who were insured all year but still struggle to pay their medical bills. People with lower incomes reported these problems at the highest rates. One third (34%) of adults with incomes under 200 percent of poverty who were insured all year

Purpose: Link public health data at state/county levels to the Healthy People 2020 Target rates. Describe the indicator, target data and whether progress has been made towards the goal.

One of the major social problems in the United States is the increasing number of uninsured people who are among the vulnerable populations in the America. In 2008, there were approximately 46 million of non-elderly Americans without health insurance including adults and children. While this population includes people from all age ranges, young adults account for a significant portion of these people since they are likely to be uninsured. Moreover, many uninsured individuals are in families with at least a single full-time worker as Hispanics excessively have the highest rates of the uninsured. However, the huge share of this population is white Americans as compared to people from other races.

In the United States, nearly one in three women ages 18-64 live at or below the 200% poverty level. Poverty level is based on an annual earnings of a household and how many people reside within the home. A 200% poverty level for a single woman is currently set at $23,760 per year. According to the Kaiser Women’s Health Survey from 2013, 15% of women categorize their health as fair or poor and about 43% have health conditions that require monitoring and treatment. (16). Since the passing of the Affordable Care Act in 2010, there have been great efforts to improve quality of health care among patients, providers and coordinators. The rate of uninsured Americans fell from 18 million in 2014 to

Diabetes is everywhere in the world now, since more people have it than ever before. Still, we have a lot more to learn about this illness if we are to fight and overcome it. There are some things about diabetes that most people just don't know. Stay tuned for part two, coming soon!

The popularity of HDHPs has grown exponentially in recent years. In 2005 HDHPs did not cover any employees but by 2013 around 20% of employees were covered by HDHPs (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2013). Furthermore, under the ACA HDHPs are offered in the lower tier plans and also allows the continued use of HDHPs by employers. By 2013 40% of large companies offered HDHPs to

The uninsured patients of hypertension are less likely to report having hypertension because they cannot afford to seek a healthcare provider and if they access the doctor then they were not able to meet the drug prescription cost. This situation makes the uninsured patients to be more prone to unawareness of their health condition. Despite the benefits that accompany the treatment of hypertension, the overall cost of treatment is overwhelming. The cost of the treatment and the cost of the pharmaceutical products needed are relatively high. Improving policies that encourage cost effectiveness may improve treatment of these disorders. Additionally it may maintain equity as the costs of medication and medication can be predetermined. Several measures may improve better health to individuals. They include insuring with privately run and public medical insurance institutions. They include Medicare and Medicaid. Insured non­elderly individuals, compared with uninsured individuals showed a greater potential of receiving drug therapy. This is the case in the elder insured and uninsured. Age and gender had a significant impact on one’s ability to access medical cost and care if they were diagnosed with

The authors explained that the study has some limitations. The authors obtained data from the NHI database, which contains no laboratory data. The diagnoses were not bases on clinical criteria. Moreover, the study did not employ essential clinical indicator like the BMI when assessing diabetes incidence. The study used limited criteria in assessing people’s income. The study classified people who were exempt from premiums as poor. This does not place in account other wealth sources, such as disposable income (Hsu et al., 2012).

A Population’s health outcome is usually determined more so by its social factors than its medical care. Health care provider determine the type of care in this community by firstly assessing the social determinant which range from the personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status. In defining the type of healthcare for this community an HCP takes into consideration several factors including; the lack of availability of health services in the area, the high cost and lack of insurance coverage and language barriers, age and disease prevalence of the population to be served. To meet the needs of this community there are free, income based health clinics, public health department clinics and community