Diagnostic Polysmnogram Protocol

OhioHealth Sleep Services can diagnose a variety of sleep disorders, including sleep apnea, narcolepsy, insomnia, and restless leg syndrome. Sleep apnea is a frequently occurring disorder involving the collapse of the airway during sleep, causing snoring and cessation of breathing. Sleep disorders can contribute to several health risks such as hypertension, obesity, heart attack, diabetes, and stroke. Our caring and experienced sleep specialists provide you with the high quality and comprehensive medical care you deserve.

The most familiar procedure is electroencephalogram. The EEG is the most completed procedure. EEG’s help with a lot of symptoms. They are used to help in the diagnosis of epilepsy and variation of neurological symptoms. People with head trauma or severe disease are evaluated with EEG’s. EEG monitoring is done during surgeries in the neck or around heart. This helps offer more information about brain function. EEG’s normally take about 90 minutes. Another procedure is PSG, which stands for Polysomnograms. This is a recording during sleep that uses physiologic monitors to evaluate sleep, and sleep disorders. It monitors load snoring, struggle to stay awake during the day, falling asleep at unsuitable times, and insomnia. Physician’s use Polysomnograms to recognize dysfunction in wake and sleep cycles, and breathing disorders. Evoked potentials and Nerve Conduction Studies are two other procedures ENDT’s perform. Evoked potentials are extremely helpful evalulating spinal cord injuries, hearing loss, blurred vison, acoustic neuroma, and blind spots. Nerve Conduction evaluate potentials from peripheral nerves. This test is for patients suffering from nerves that produce tingling, muscle pain, muscle cramping, muscle

Being the first-born baby, I was very independent. Sleeping until noon and being attached to my pacifier was a daily thing for me. Since I slept so much, my mom kept a constant watch on me. One day she noticed that I wasn’t breathing like I should, so she took me into the doctor. My mom was told that I had sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is where people take short pauses, while breathing can last seconds or even minutes. The doctor suggested that my mom do sleeping tests on me, which was easy for her because I slept all the time.

Cardiovascular Assessment: No visible pulsations, no heaves or lifts. Apical pulse present in the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line. Auscultation of apical rate 62 beats per minute, normal rhythm regular S1 - S2 heart sounds present. Pulsations present when supine and disappear at a 45 degree angle position. Extremities are brown color without redness, cyanosis, lesions or varicosities bilaterally. Temperature warm bilaterally, Allen test was negative. Homan’s sign negative. Carotids: +2 and present bilaterally. Right Radial +2, left radial +1 , Right Brachial: +2

Both of his lung fields appear clear, with normal breath sounds, no signs of pulmonary consolidation and other abnormalities detected. His apex beat show an extra heart sound (ectopic heartbeat) which is due to the narrowing of his blood vessels that connects to the heart and to the lungs, which often occurs without a clear cause and are harmless, with no signs of murmur or split heart sounds. His abdomen is significantly distended with presence of bulging flanks pushed outwards with no signs of pain or rebound tenderness on deep palpation, and when testing for shifting dullness. He was placed in a lateral decubitus position to assess fluid shift and had a positive result. Upon percussion of Frank’s abdomen in the supine position for flank

The primary assessment of this patient is the Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure (ABCDE) approach. According to the ABCDE approach, it is crucial to check the airway first to see if the airway is patent. Then, check the patient’s breathing. Determining the respiratory rate, inspecting movement of the chest wall, measuring pulse oximeter and using the stethoscope to auscultate the lung sounds are the possible way to check if the breathing of the patient is sufficient (Thim et al., 2012). Next, check the circulation. Skin changes, such as check the colour and sweating, relate to the circulatory problems. Also, heart auscultation, blood pressure measuring and electrocardiography monitoring should be involved in this procedure (Thim et al., 2012). When measure the blood pressure, using the AVPU score (A for ‘alert’, V for ‘reacting to vocal stimuli’, P for ‘reacting to pain’, U for ‘unconscious’) to assess the consciousness, which is for the disability part. Moreover,

Patient also reports difficulty fallinga a sleep and also maintaing a sleep. muscle spasm of arms. Patient has chronic headache and requesting

Per the AME on 11/11/14, it was noted on the report that the patient describes problems with sleep which began approximately 10-12 years ago. He is awakened by orthopedic pain, as well as pain in his mouth. He is awakened 2-3 nights out of the week.

I have caught up with Debbie following the repeat diagnostic sleep study. This has revealed moderate obstructive sleep apnoea with an apnoea/hypopnoea index of 22 events/hr. There was modest oxygen desaturation and mild snoring. The events themselves were largely hypopnoeas with very few apnoeas.

Patient denies any history of syncope, seizures, transient paralysis, and paresthesia, black out spells. Cranial nerves assess no abnormalities assessed.

They also must withdraw blood to check for any condition. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia is a condition that is presented with similar symptoms of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (Busmer 19). It may be difficult for medical professionals to differentiate these two conditions. Some techniques have been prone to minimize the risk of falls which consist of avoiding standing for long periods of times and if possible to keep moving. ”Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome is a life changing condition, often affecting healthy, young, fit and active people. It affects every aspect of their lives and consequently their physiological wellbeing” (Busmer 20). Some things that could happen because of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome are deconditioning because of poor tolerance of exercise. People who are diagnosed with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome need to go through a support of any kind such as practically and emotional. Some things are made to raise awareness through healthcare professionals. Research is also needed to understand Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and how to approach and manage or cure this

Pyramids, Pharaohs, dynasties; what do these characteristics have in common? These characteristics represents the Egyptian culture. Egypt is known for its famous pyramids and rulers. The Egyptian culture has several aspects that are important. The history, government, and rulers are a few aspects that are essential to the Egyptian culture.

The problem/purpose of this article is clearly and concisely stated, they discuss how prone sleeping is a major risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and how some of the associated factors may be signs of cerebral hypoxia. The researchers wants to know whether sleep positions, such as supine or prone actually has an effect on cerebral oxygenation during infancy. The researchers believe that this is an important area for research because lack of oxygenation could be a contributing factor to sudden infant death syndrome. Although there has been a decline of SIDS throughout the years it remains the leading cause of death among infants from one month to one year old.

3. Identify at least five signs or symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and star those symptoms that S.R. is having.

The de Winter ECG pattern has been described in various case reports. Specifically, criteria for the this ECG pattern consistently includes 1) ST depression ≥1 mm up-sloping at the J-point in leads V1-V6 continuing into tall, prominent, symmetrical T waves in the precordial leads, and 2) the absence of ST-segment elevation in the affected leads. Also, prominent J-point elevation producing ST-segment elevation up to 1.0 mm in lead aVr has also been described.10 De Winter et al illustrate this as a novel ECG pattern associated with proximal LAD occlusion in 2008.10