Diastolic Blood Pressure

(Marieb and Hoehn, 2010, p 703) defined Blood Pressure (BP) as ‘the force per unit area exerted on a vessel wall by the contained blood, and is expressed in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg)’. BP is still one of the essential and widely used assessment tools in healthcare settings. Nurses generally record the arterial BP which is the forced exerted blood that flows through the arteries, to establish a baseline and to determine any risk factors. BP

Blood pressure is composed of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A normal healthy individual has an average blood pressure slightly lower than 120/80 mmHg (SBP/DBP).1 Systolic blood pressure increases linearly with increasing exercise intensity while diastolic blood pressure changes very little, 2 for most people during exercise. Blood pressure responses from SBP and DBP account for the changes in Cardiac Output and Total peripheral resistance. 3(During blood pressure there is an increase of blood flow in systole. But even during diastole, there is a small increase in blood flow. 3(p.197) Blood flow and blood pressure become “dampened” 3(p.197) due to the Windkissel effect which allows systole to increase and diastole to stay at a relatively

1.  Blood pressure is the force of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries. The pressure of blood in the arteries correlates directly to the amount of blood pumped by the heart and the amount of resistance in the

If the resistance increases, cardiac output decreases and the blood pressure increase and if the resistance decreases, cardiac output increase and the blood pressure decreases. During each contraction, the amount of blood pumped out by one ventricle is stroke volume. The number of heartbeat in each minute is known as heart rate. The normal heart rate value for adult is 60-100 beats per minute. The cardiac output is directly proportional to the stroke volume and heart rate. The average arterial pressure during one cardiac cycle is mean arterial pressure (MAP), which is directly related to the cardiac output and resistance. The instrument sphygmomanometer with an air cuff attached to the reservoir is used to detect blood pressure associated with the pulse.

Systolic BP increases bit by bit while diastolic BP stays about the same. Diastolic BP may even diminishing because of vasodilation, or the slight widening of veins brought about by the heart pumping harder to spread more oxygen all through the body. Diastolic circulatory BP is the estimation of base pulse, when weight is weakest, and systolic shows weight at pinnacle times, when heartbeats constrain blood through the veins. Since systolic BP is straightforwardly associated with how the heart works, it is influenced the most by work out.

As the blood is forced throughout our body, there is a pressure that is exerted on the walls of our arteries, this is known as blood pressure. We see blood pressure represented as two numbers, the systolic (top) and the diastolic (bottom) numbers. The systolic blood pressure is the heart contracting and the diastolic is the heart relaxing. A normal, healthy, blood pressure would be written as 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury) or verbally expressed by most individuals as 120 over 80. Our blood pressure can vary depending on many things. When the diastolic or systolic pressure is high, or significantly and consistently above 120/80 mmHg, this is what we call hypertension. There are different stages or degrees of hypertension. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins (2010) describes the stages as the following:

A summary of 3,246 individuals (identified by ID numbers) with corresponding systolic blood pressures was used as my primary data set.

Blood pressure (BP) as defined by Marieb and Hoehan (as cited in Peate & Wild, 2012) is the pressure that the blood puts on the blood vessel walls as the blood travels around the body controlled by the heart. The strength of the blood pushing on the blood vessel wall is the BP reading. According

The heart pumps blood into the arteries and the force of the blood pushing against blood vessel walls is called blood pressure. Arteries carry the blood throughout the body. High blood pressure is also know as hypertension and is very dangerous in many different ways. One way is that it makes the heart have to work harder in order to pump the blood to the body. Secondly it contributes to hardening of the arteries and lastly, it also contributes to heart failure. A healthy heart is essential to life and having high blood pressure it not healthy for the heart. It has been proven that there are many different causes that have been linked to high blood pressure.

The purpose of this lab is to understand how to measure the heart rate and blood pressure of an individual by the appropriate method. It is important to know how to take these measurements accurately in the healthcare or fitness professions. In this lab, the heart rate was measured by a stethoscope over the chest, and with the middle and index fingers for the carotid and radial arteries. For blood pressure, a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope were used to identify the Korotkoff sounds that indicate the systolic and diastolic pressures. Risk factors such as heart disease and high blood pressure can be discovered through the

It is the measurement of the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls. A blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope is what are used to measure this. While taking you blood pressure two numbers are recorded; Systolic pressure and Diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the higher number that refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart contracts and pumps blood through the body. Diastolic pressure is the lower number and refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood. Having high blood pressure can increase the risk of coronary heart disease (i.e. heart attack, stroke).

It was observed that the average systolic blood pressure did increase going from at rest to just after exercise (118 mmHg to 179.5 mmHg; Table 1.), however there was no significant difference between the two with a p-value of 0.063 (Table 2.). The average diastolic blood pressure increased slightly from 71.5 mmHg at rest to 79 mmHg after exercise (Table 1.); however, there was also no significant difference between the two with a p-value of 0.468 (Table 2.). The average HR between the at rest and just after exercise recordings also showed no significant difference (p-value = 0.056; Table 2.), however there was a general increase from 64.5 bpm to 80.5 bpm (Table 1.).

Results from the experiment can be found below in table 2. As apparent in the table, with an increase in the intensity of the exercise, the heart rate and blood pressure both increased. An important observation from the data is that the systolic blood pressure steadily increased as we increased the intensity. However, the diastolic blood pressure remained relatively constant as the intensity of the exercise increased. The heart rate steadily increased with the increase of intensity as well.

Systolic pressure(SP) is the highest pressure reached in artery after ventricular systole; Diastolic pressure(DP) occurs during ventricular diastole and Pulse pressure(PP) is the difference between these two. Their physiological determinants are the ability of the ventricles to pump a large amount of the blood. So the greater the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles, i.e the greater the stroke volume, the higher the value of systolic pressure, hence pulse pressure increases. They will be determined by the capacity of the aorta to expand and hold the volume of blood from the ventricles, so its compliance. As the aorta expands to hold the blood from the ventricles, the pressure inside it will drop, hence the systolic pressure drops.

Systolic pressure refers to the amount of pressure in the arties during the contraction of the heart muscle. The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats is known as the diastolic pressure. The normal blood pressure of a sixteen-year-old female includes: ninety-five to one hundred-and-five for the systolic pressure, and fifty to sixty-five for the diastolic