Dichotomy In Public Administration

Good management and leadership are essential for organizations to operate and additionally for the businesses to prosper. When businesses are well administered, they can function successfully and they can function effectively. Managers have exceptionally effective and strong plans, mangers have systematized structures, organizations, and they also assess effects. When businesses are appropriately directed, they acclimate to modifications in the situation and cultivate cultures that encourage obligation and improvement. Mutually good management and good leadership are essential to maintain organizational performance.

Some theorists use the terms ‘leadership’ and ‘management’ reciprocally as if they are tantamount with one another, while others use them in a very purposeful sense to express that they are, in effect, rather different (Bush, 2003). Organisational successfulness, it is generally accepted, is dependant on both competent leadership and consistent management (Dimmock and Walker, 2005) According to Grace (1995) they do not follow from one or the other, but

"Classical Organizational Theory deals with the 'systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective.' Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory?"

The roll of ethics in public administration is based on the administration; administrators should be value-free when they implement public policy. I will discuss why ethics should be based on the administration and, why it should not be based on each individual worker in the administration. I will discuss Weber’s stance on values in bureaucratic organizations, what Macintyre suggests, and what Hummel and Goodsell would conclude about values in public administration. Most people do not understand what an administration deals with everyday on an individual basis. They might think that an administration is supposed to make the best ethical choices, but that is not the case. People who are outside the administration might think that administrators are supposed to use everyday values when implementing policy, but that is also not the case.

The essential methods that are critical to the systems, structure practices of management and leadership include adjusting effectiveness, value, and voice. The relationship between the administration and authority ought to express reason, trustworthiness, and develop the initiative. The mutual dreams ought to reason differentiated worldwide natural quality. Desires of these thoughts have aggregate essentials for conduct changes. By raising the difficulties in administration thoughts underpins impacts of globalization, new dealing structures, and solidarity.

The management of an organization plays an integral part in determining the direction and performance of the organization. The manner in which the management of an organization is handled has a profound effect on the organization. The success of an organization is dependent upon a flexible and skilled management and workforce. The management of an organization is responsible for shaping up the organizational behavior and ultimately the culture within the organization. Public management faces a multiple of challenges and opportunities, how the management deals with these issues translates to efficiency in management. The personal judgments and skills of public managers can make a significant impact in public management. If

This is why, Organizational renowned scholars have been studying of this very significant topic of leadership for literally hundreds of years. Because. It is very complex, not simple one.

On a macro level, public administration and business management are similar in their overall functions. “At the broadest level, some organizational theorists contend that administration is administration whatever its setting, and that the problems of organizing people, leading them and supplying them with resources to do their jobs are always the same (Kettl, 2012, p. 38).” In his paper, “Public and Private Management: Are They Fundamentally Alike in All Unimportant Respects?,” Graham T. Allison explains that in comparing public and administration and business management, “it is possible to identify a set of general management functions (Allison, 2012, p. 4).” Regardless of their end goal, each administration must form strategies by setting goals, priorities and creating procedures. Public and private organizations must manage internal components by organizing staff, defining job responsibilities, hiring and managing personnel and creating budgets. Furthermore, they must manage external constituencies such as other agencies, the press and public (Allison, 2012, p. 5). His observations stem from Wallace Sayre’s famous words, “public and private management are fundamentally alike in all unimportant respects (DiIlulio, 1993).”

Many successful public administrators eventually work in positions of leadership within their organization, political system or communities. One approach to leadership is the ability to “know what you see” which is a more subjective approach to engaging in change. This approach gives management an opportunity to develop cognitive complexity in order to understand what is seen may not be what is actually happening. Bolman and Deal (2013, Fifth ed.) indicate our “preconceived theories, models and images determine what we see, what we do, and how we judge what we accomplish” (p.39). Leadership does not have the luxury of relying on how an organization operated in the past; it must continually strive for mission success and better human capital

In this analysis we will review a case titled “The Dilemma at the Public Service Department.” We will be discussing different issues, amongst them are: opinions on the honesty, malfeasance, misfeasance, nonfeasance, accountability, competence, and why these particular responsibilities are identified. We will also discuss certain trade-offs made by the commissioner’s loyalty to the department as well as the governor, and public interest. We will also be discussing three barriers when it comes to deciding how the governor will be approached, along with the basic elements that are recommended in strategic management planning.

By discussing some of the advantages and disadvantages of administration and politics dichotomy, an opinion of whether it is useful or impossible will be made. Wilson’s politics administration dichotomy refers to the idea that administrative decisions need to be made without political influence. One argument to this is that politics has transformed, let’s say, the role of a city manager from a neutral expert to a problem solver and dichotomy should be replaced with an expanded base of professional values for them.

After reading through the syllabus, there appear to be many direct linkages between this course and the previous courses that I have participated in. The first module focuses on external pressures on public administration. I learned about external forces on public administrators in Introduction to Public Administration, and Managing Change in the 21st Century. Though Introduction to Public Administration only gave a vague overview of external pressures, Managing Change gave greater detail on how there are forces outside of government, including citizens, interest groups and private sector companies who all will influence the decision making process. These same courses also focused on the internal pressures within organizations and government that will also impact the decision-making processes of public administrators. Budgeting is also a topic that I have experience with. Budgeting in the public sector is entirely different than budgeting in the private sector. Lastly, my previous public administration courses emphasized the importance of performance expectation and improvement. Efficiency and effectiveness is a goal that public administrators everywhere should work towards.

Two ways of improving of quality of management and work life in government would be as follows. Managers should be given the sole authority to examine their departments and implement the necessary changes that are needed to make the organization run in a more efficient manner. One of the most central factors in being a good manager is to be able to recognize what is going on within as well as outside of the organization. In governmental agencies, that have several departments within one building it would be an excellent initiative for the managers to

UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI CHANCELLOR COLLEGE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE STUDIES FROM: GRANT ZIMBA TO: DR TAMBULASI REG NO: PA/04/12 COURSE CODE: PAS111 ASSIGN NO: ONE TITLE: ECOLOGY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION DUE DATE: