Difference Between Vascular And Nonvascular Plants

The cross-sections demonstrated the basic differences that distinguish a monocot plant for a dicot plant. When looking at the cross-section of the monocot stem you can see that the vascular bundles are scattered. These vascular bundles consist of only a phloem and xylem. The phloem is responsible for transporting soluble compounds (food) created by photosynthesis, to the rest of the plant, especially where they are needed. The xylem is important for the movement of water throughout the plant. Another difference that can be seen by looking at the cross-section of at stem is that the ground tissue (parenchyma) is not partitioned into pith and cortex. In the dicot stem cross-section the vascular bundles form a ring and they are made up of a phloem, xylem, and a cambium which divides the two. The ground tissue (parenchyma) for a dicot is separate into a pith (nutrient storage and distribution) and a cortex (conducting tissues). The Leaf cross-sections reveal the venation of each plant. For monocots, the veins appeared run parallel to each other, while the veins for the dicot plant had no clear pattern. The root cross-sections also displayed differences between the groups belonging to the phylum Anthophyta. The root cross-section of a monocot is formed by vascular bundles that are arrange in a ring. In the dicot root cross-section, the xylem is at the center in the form of an

Plants are found everywhere on earth, up high on the ridge and down low in caves and caverns. The types of plants that live in these places depends on many factors. These factors are separated into two different categories, the biotic factors and the abiotic factors. Some of the biotic factors include, predation, competition, and habitat destruction. Plants with limited competition and large amounts of resources will be in a higher abundance than plants with limited resources and higher competition rates will be confined to areas and either out competed or will be the dominant species. Certain plants adapt to these factors and thrive and others don’t do as well. Some of the abiotic factors include, sunlight, water, temperature, and wind. These

6. Describe several adaptations that enable plants to reduce water loss from their leaves. Include both structural and physiological adaptations.

4. Describe and demonstrate cellular respiration and energy production in plants including aerobic and anaerobic pathways.

- Wind: Wind-pollinated plants don't depend on the ability to attract birds or insects, so their flowers tend to be small, drab, unscented and non-prominent. Wind pollinated flowers are specially adapted to be able to make use of even slight air currents. They tend to have lots of small flowers with long filaments and pistils. Anthers and stigmata often project from the flower in order to be exposed to the wind so that pollen can be sent out and received easily.

Flowers are very unique. Each one is different from the next. They each have different colors, scents, and meanings. Many people show their gratitude through flowers in a variety of ways.

The room temperature water rose 7.62 centimeters total over the 3 hour time period. The hot water rose 17.78 centimeters total, over the 3 hours. The water in the stalks without leaves did not rise, and was therefore unsuccessful, while the water in the stalks WITH leaves rose several more centimeters over a shorter time span, showing that respiration is linked in to the

Plants are common organisms, known for their aid in absorbing carbon and releasing oxygen into the airways. Plants, being living organisms, need both nutrients and water in order to stay healthy and strong (Gardening Know How, 2011). There are a large range of nutrients which come from the leaves and the soil of the plant, each with their

Flowers are thousands of different varieties and not many people ever wonder what makes the flowers more exquisite or what process relation the flower has with the pollinator.

Most desert plants have a highly developed root system for absorbing any available moisture. Saguaro is a species of cactus, which are the most common xerophytes in the hot desert. Saguaro, the biggest species of cactus in the world is “enable the collection of up to 200 gallons of water during a rainfall”2, it has a shallow but extensive root system. These roots can also keep this cactus anchored when rainstorms come and the soil becomes saturated. Another adaptation that some plants, known as phreatophytes have developed in the hot desert is extremely deep root systems which are considered the deepest roots of all the plants that grow in the desert. These deep roots can help to absorb water from deeper underground which is not available to other plants. Moving to more visual physical features of eremophytes, the leaves of desert plants “tend to be small, thick and covered with a thick cuticle”3. Plants use their leaves for photosynthesis to turn sunlight energy into energy for growing. The small leaves of eremophytes allow photosynthesis for plants to convert energy but can also reduce water loss from moisture evaporation. The thick leaves can absorb and

All plants have tiny pore like structures called stomata (singular, stoma). When carbon dioxide enters a leaf, oxygen then escapes through the stomata. Each stoma is surrounded by guard cells in the leaf’s epidermis layer (Reece, et al. 109). Photosynthesis is the process in which plants gain their energy and nutrients. Solar energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars. Oxygen is then released as a by-product of this process. When the time is right, the stomata open and allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and later the release of water and oxygen takes place. If the stomata are closed, this means that the plant is actively holding its water (Reece, et al. 109). As humans, we benefit greatly

Humans usually think that plants act the same as they do. They get their food from the Earth. But I would know that’s not true, because I’m a plant. My name’s Olive. I’m an Olive tree, and I’ll tell you how plants really get their food.

There are a variety of ways that plants survive in arid environments. All plants that persist

5. We observed that corn plants and pea plants (Pisum sativum) grown under the same conditions grew differently: under conditions that were often dry, the corn managed to maintain a larger percentage of green leaf area relative to brown/dry leaf area. Investigate the photosynthetic systems used by corn vs. that used by peas. Compare and contrast these two photosynthetic systems, especially with respect to water availability and usage.

The next type of soul is a sensitive soul. Aristotle also referred to these as ‘simple consciousness’.