Difference between Economic Growth and Economic Development

The serf provided material, military aid, and advice for the lord’s counsel. The lord provided protection for the serf, maintenance, and aid when the vassal requested. The land of the vassal, holder of he land through homage, was broken into strips of land called fief. After the homage ceremony, the lord then granted a fief to the serf. A man could then be a vassal to multiple lords and a lord could obtain multiple vassals, which thus introduced subinfeudation. This caused great complexity especially if the lords had different views and the vassals were divided. In this case, a contract was initiated swearing a serf to the main lord.

(describe the manor)The medieval manor was an agrarian estate made up of peasants and the lords who ruled over them. The lords provided the peasants with much needed

Part A-Document Questions: Document 1: A: How did feudalism provide for the security of the people of medieval Europe? In the feudal system Knights provided protection and military service to the nobles and to the rest of the kingdom Document 2: A: How was manorialism different from feudalism?

During the middle ages the lack of protection and a stable government after the Fall of Rome created the need for a new political system. Feudalism was the political system that emerged and shaped the lives of people socially and politically. Manors were small communities that were made up of a castle, church, village, and land for farming. The structured society provided a place and responsibility for everyone. The feudal obligations showed that in exchange for one thing they would be provided with something else. Serfs and peasants would work and produce goods for the rest of the manor and in return had their land and promised protection. The vassals would need to obtain land from the Lord and in return would provide the Lord with military service, loyalty, and ransom if asked for (Doc. 4). To make clear the vassal’s specific allegiance to their lord whom they owed in for exchange for their fief they would take the Homage Oath (Doc. 2). This interdependent system required everyone to do their part and it created social classes that they were born into. Their daily lives were centered on the manor and that was how it stayed until towns began to

A: The manor was a largely self sufficient system in which the lord’s land was farmed by his serfs slaves bound to the land. The manor didn’t just include farmers, but artisans who had provided needs for the manor. The Serfs didn’t have any freedom. For working 6 days of a week , they were granted one day to farm to feed their families.

The population losses among the previously overpopulated peasant class, who at this time were underemployed due to this overpopulation, were able to haggle for higher wages and better terms when it came to working, renting, and owning land. At the same time, the sudden loss in population meant the nobles could not demand high prices for product which weakened their power of wealth. This coupled with the higher earning wages of the peasant class meant they could move up in the social order to become farmers themselves or merchants of equal social standing. This period of social mobility didn’t last long, but it allowed for the end of feudalism as it was known during the Middle Ages. The end of feudalism meant the end of kings and nobles being able to give land in return for anything they could ever need including food and protection from knights. While it was still an important part of social class, land was no longer in the very center controlling every decision. In the years before the Black Death, it was the peasants who gave food and work to the knights. The knights then gave protection to nobles which gave money and the knights’ protection to the kings. In return, the king passed down land throughout the social classes. Although, the lower classes had the opportunity to accumulate land for the services they provided, in the end

Life in the high middle ages, between 1000 and 1300 A.D., had two kinds of communities, manorial villages and towns. The major difference in these two distinct types of communities was the freedom and rights of the people. In the manorial villages you had lords who owned large portions of land. The vassals who entered into a military obligation with the lords, in exchange for land and protection. Finally, serfs who were a class of people that worked their lord’s land as half slave and half freeman. Vassals were more of an employee and the serfs were little more than a slave because they were bound to the lord’s land. The serfs could not leave or do anything without the lord’s permission and most of the time they had to pay fees to be granted the permissions they requested. In contrast the townspeople elected their officials, had freedom to choose a careers, they move about where they liked, and could acquire training and schooling. Townspeople were in fact free and not absolutely controlled by a lord. As for the manorial villages, the lords had all the power and had absolute control over all the actions and work of the vassals and serfs.

Economic Development: Growth is associated with structural, social change and change in the important institutions of the economy.

b. Trial and error in agriculture (Returns to scale). Best practices were learned and passed down. Returns to agriculture increased.

No laws remained protecting the Romans, so they had to allow nobles to act on their behalf. Serfs turned to nobles who gave them land, passed down from the king, to farm and live on. Manors, units of land, originally a feudal lordship, consisting of a lord's demesne and lands rented to tenants, were now operated by the nobles and worked by the serfs. These manors kept the economy somewhat stable. Most of the serfs were not permitted to leave. They had to share a portion of what they produced on the land, both with knights and nobles however they were given enough to eat and a place to stay. Although they had the necessities of life on the manor, the serfs’ entire lives were dictated by the nobles for whom they worked for. The ruler did not have as much power as before to protect all the citizens, thus trusting nobles to do so. Most of the power therefore, was held by nobles, who were also able to tax the serfs and maintain their own small armies to conquer nearby lands and sustain their lands. For safety and for defense, peasants in the Middle Ages formed small communities around their noble. To summarize, citizens could not exercise their individual rights as they could before when the feudal system wasn't

Manor became the principal form of agricultural organization in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. In this system, the peasant who worked on manor was granted the protection of the lord of the land in exchange for labor. They were attached to their land by the institution of serfdom. The vast majority of serfs lived by cultivating the land that was owned by the lord. In this way, the poor, defenseless, and landless were ensured permanent access to plots of land which they could work in return for economic services to the lord. This system also encompassed the political relationship between the lord and the serf. For

A noble, or lord, was in control of his manor. The manor was the heart of feudal economy (Ellis and Esler 222). A manor often consisted of the castle, a church, a village, and

Its purpose is to discuss how Medieval Icelandic society fit into the ideal model of manorialism, however, for the purposes if this paper I will focus on the articles description of the model of manorialism and the relationships it created. The author examines how the local lords became leaders of the people who were tied to them by mutual obligation and loyalty. Jakobsson also points out that he wouldn’t receive the loyalty of tenants unless he reciprocated hospitality, feasting, and protection. The production that these manors were successful in outputting were often taken from the hands of farmers and used for the benefit of elites and institutions. These systems in place led to a general increase in inequality which in turn increased class divisions in these manors. This inequality was also enlarged by the collection of tithes. Tithes was a tax taken from annual produce or earnings that went towards the support of the clergy. It was often the duty of the person who collected the tithes to determine where the funds should be distributed. Seeing as many lords had to responsibility to collect tithes, thus the decision to where it went, it gave them the upper hand in a system based on redistribution. The tithes collected were also an important source of wealth for church, meaning they benefited from this system where it was more likely to receive these funds.

Economic growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition of economic development. There is no single definition that encompasses all the aspects of economic development. The most comprehensive definition perhaps of economic development is the one given by Todaro: ‘Development is not purely an economic phenomenon but rather a multi – dimensional process involving reorganization and re orientation of the entire economic and social system. Development is a process of improving the quality of all human lives with three equally important aspects. These are: 1.

Economic growth refers to the rate of increase in the total production of goods and services within an economy. Economic growth increases the productivity capacity of an economy, thereby allowing more wants to be satisfied. A growing economy increases employment opportunities, stimulates business enterprise and innovation. A sustained economic growth is fundamental to any nation wishing to raise its standard of living and provide a greater well being for all. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all final goods and services produced over a year. It is the total value of production within the economy. The total value of production is the total value of the final goods or services less the cost of