Differences And Characteristics: The Evolution Of Hermaphroditism

Caenorhabditis elegans, a type of free-living nematode that is found in soil, is the subject matter for this experiment (Marsh). C. elegans allow for an exceptional model organism because it is easily raised in the laboratory setting, it reproduces rapidly, has a short life cycle of 3 days where it develops from egg to adult worm, only 1.3mm in length, and although only having 959 somatic cells, it shares many characteristics with other multicellular organisms like having organs and a nervous system (Kaletta). These nematodes can either be a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite where each animal produces both sperm and egg, or they can be males that will mate with the hermaphrodites (Brenner). When a hermaphrodite self-fertilizes, the chance of having a male being produced is extremely low at just 0.1%, however, when a hermaphrodite is fertilized by a male, the ratio of males to hermaphrodites is generally equal making it 1:1 (Altun).

The article that we read was called The Mystery of the Rare Male Sea Monkey by Nadia Drake. The rough idea of this article was how the female Sea Monkeys(brine shrimp) reproduced asexually and how the male Sea Monkeys couldn’t breed with their own kind. So, as a result, the male shrimp breed with different species resulting in hybrid offspring. It also compared shrimp that breed asexually and another that bred sexually. The vocabulary words found in the article were asexual, chromosome, and DNA. Asexual was used when explaining how the female sea monkeys reproduce. Chromosome was used when they explained that when an asexual lineage emerges, it gains an extra set of chromosomes. Finally, DNA was used when it said that for asexual

The size and shape of the pelvis gives clues to how an animal may reproduce.

Sexual selection was an idea proposed by Darwin and refers to the process in which males and females attempt to maximize their chances of reproductive success. Within a species there are certain characteristics that make individuals attractive to potential mates. An example of this is in peacocks, female peacocks are attracted to males with long brightly colored tails, even though this makes them easier to be spotted by predators. This characteristic then evolves within the species due to how males with this characteristic have a higher chance of reproductive success and their characteristics being passed on to surviving offspring.

During the evolutionary adaptation time period, between 10-40 thousand years ago, our ancestors were hunter-gatherers. This created a division between men and women. The men would hunt for food and the women would be in charge of the domestic duties such as cleaning and cooking. Doing the domestic chores would have kept women more protected, as it is less strenuous and would have guarded the camp whilst the men were out hunting therefore increasing the chances of reproductive success. This division of labour would have made them less likely to sustain injuries and so the evolutionary approach would suggest that the groups who divided the labour were been more likely to

As researched, earthworms are known as hermaphrodites, which are defined as an animal having both male and female sex organs or other sexual characteristics, either abnormally or (in the case of some organisms) as the natural condition (Dictionary). During the earthworm lab, I discovered that earthworms have both seminal vesicles and seminal receptacles. Holding sperm after cross-fertilization has occurred is the seminal receptacles for females only. Seminal vesicles produce and release sperm and are well known as the male reproductive organs. Gizzards are responsible for mechanical digestion and grinding up the food for earthworms (Earthworm dissection video). On the other hand, for male crayfish to make sperm they must contain testes, unlike the females they

Judson contributes to onefs understanding of sex among different organisms in that she makes difficult concepts simple to comprehend. Although she uses scientific terminology, she limits it so that anyone can understand the technical information she shares. Judson also describes the types of environments in which each species and

While sex changes have spurred many recent debates, it's actually not a big deal in the animal kingdom. New research shows that black sea bass, also commonly known as the giant sea bass, do it a lot. And Rutgers scientists are trying to figure out why.

In some species of fish, such as the three – spined sticktle back, the male, not the female, performs the task of caring the young

hermes was believed to be born the dawn after his mother was impregnated. he was born to zeus and they nymph maia in a cave on mount cyllene in arcadia. he conceived four known offspring: pan, abderus, hermaphrodites, and eudoros. his half-brother was Apollo, from whom he had stolen a cow and compensated with his lyre. pan was a half man half goat born to hermes and dryope. it is believed that pan was taken to mount Olympus after his mother was terrified of his appearance at birth. there, he was revealed as the patron of fields, woods, shepherds, and flocks. abderus was believed to be killed and eaten by the mares of diomedes, when Heracles left him in charge of the beast. hermaphrodites was born to Aphrodite, but was raised by naiads.

Judson, an evolutionary biologist, portrayed as Dr. Tatiana, a sex columnist, cleverly conveys mind-boggling facts about an array of creatures within the animal kingdom using a satirical approach. “I am a queen bee, and I’m worried. All my lovers leave their genitals inside me then drop dead. Is this normal?” writes a concerned honeybee in regards to the sexual practices of her mate’s. Dr. Tatiana goes on to show understanding for the honeybees concern and explains just why her mates do what they do. As a reader, one gains intriguing information on the sexual idiosyncrasy of honeybees. The author achieves her overall goal of informing the reader of sexual biology by addressing the issue on a personal level, making a claim. Then following up with facts that support the claim.

When most organisms reproduce, a male and female come together and combine their sex cells to make a baby. But, that is not the case with Marbled crayfish. These unique organisms use a special method of reproduction called parthenogenesis. This process is when an unfertilized female is able to produce a fully- functioning offspring. This is able to happen thanks to polyploidy and hybridisation. These two processes gives the single parents more chromosomes and it changes the bonding properties of certain compounds. Also, during meiosis, a particular set of chromosomes is transferred. This means the the parent is able to give the child all the genes that the offspring needs to be fully-functioning. But, this process wouldn’t be able to happen

Sexual selection can best be described by the definition given by Darwin himself. Sexual selection is “the advantage which certain individuals have over other individuals of the same species solely in respect of reproduction” (Hosken et al, 2011). Sexual selection occurs throughout the animal kingdom, where male frogs dominate through the depth of their croak, and certain peacocks reign superior based on the colour and intricate detail on their tails. They remain superior to their lesser counterparts as they bear more admirable characteristics, from which they are chosen by females of the same species.

Take the 1960s notion of free love, combine with today's sexually active teenagers who expect no emotional commitment, and you have the modern definition for “hook up.” The term evolved just as many ideas about sex have in this last century. Hooking up is no longer just kissing, it involves oral sex and also intercourse, it is all about the casual sex.

Gender refers to the concepts o masculine and feminine whereas sex is the biological fact of being a male or female. According to the evolutionary approach, gender differences are neither deliberate nor conscious; they exist because they enhanced or helped men and women perform particular types of roles in the past. Therefore, the role differences we observe are more a product of our biological inheritance than acquired through socialisation.