What Is Qualitative Interviewing?

Power point slide Qualitative research is a difficult term to define…. Nevertheless, it is important to be familiar with some definitions in the field. The definition provided by Creswell 2009 is enlightening because it incorporates ……….. most important part of definition for me were reports detailed views of informants and natural setting.

Qualitative research reflects different ways that researcher’s collect data and explore all of the information through literature review. Participant’s that are reviewing is often observed for analysis while “the role of the researcher focuses as the primary data collection instrument necessitates the identification of personal values, assumptions and biases at the outset of the study; Qualitative researchers ask at least one central question” (Creswell, 2014, which can be explored in several contexts with further questions. According to the text Research Design (2014) “the researcher’s role is typically involved in a

After the participants were chosen, then interviews were conducted using format open-ended questions. "… A qualitative interview approach was thought to be the best means of exploring expectations people had for the role" (Connelly et al., 2003, p. 299). Open-ended questions allow the participants to raise important issues that may not be addressed if there is a fixed sequence of questions. This is appropriate for a qualitative study.

A qualitative methodological approach was the obvious choice in that it allows for the collection and interpretation of stories, narratives, interviews and other forms of non-quantifiable data. A qualitative approach also does not demand or strive for detached objectivity of the researcher but instead encourages the disclosure of researcher bias and the engagement of the researcher with the research and subjects, often in the role of participant-observer (Dade, Tartakov, Hargrave, & Leigh,

Arroll and Howard (2012) and Ashbring (2000) both utilize qualitative methods. According to Breakwell, Smith and Wright (2012) researchers using semi-structures interviews using their questions as a guide for the interview process. Arroll and Howards (2012) use of semi-structured interview fits well with Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) due to its flexible method of collecting data as suggested by Breakwell et al (2012). Dickson, Knussen and Flowers (2007) sum up IPA as having a focus on the links

Researchers who uses qualitative study for addressing a problem they are interested in are most often confronted with enormous background knowledge they could use to make their research more successful. (Flick, 2007)

This process begins with each individual expert prepared to engage half of the interviewees by providing a supplemental overview and seeking permission to record the interview. With a foundation rooted in qualitative research best practices, semi structured interviews will take place that meets our identified topical trajectory with the ability to diverge. Deviation may momentously occur when the interviewee reveals new approaches and/or recommendations that challenge disparities in the delivery of care. These incidents are gravely invaluable to data collection and additionally supports the significance of capturing each interview by recording. Researchers that do not record or have a secondary route to capturing their interviews have to focus on taking their own notes during the process which often produces unreliable summaries and diminishes the affinity between the interviewee-researcher. Both aspects in qualitative research are necessary when it comes to fostering an environment that allows interviewees to extend our knowledge while preserving the integrity of the data being collected. Semi structured interviews are less controlled but still warrants uniformity in information obtained. Moreover, this method sustains replication for enhancing the matrix while significantly reducing limitations on what is captured. This is often a challenge

An interview guide was constructed and then tested through two pilot interviews, during with time frame was evaluated. After these tests were executed, some small adjustments were made in order to better frame the questions. The sample was interviewed during three weeks in March and April 2012, using the semi- structured questions from the interview guide. The authors were aware of the effect that the response to some questions may have on the following responses, if a specific question was posed prior to another. Therefore general rules formulated within qualitative research for the sequence of questions, were followed. (Bryman, 2002). The authors deemed that the first question had

Why do female athletes receive less media coverage than male athletes? Male athletes dominate professional sport that airs on television. The media easily overlooks female athletes except during occasion like the Winter Olympics. The articles Media Coverage of Women’s Sports is Important (Lopiano, 2008) and Take Back the Sports Page? (Sommers, 2010) acknowledge factors that determine the amount of media coverage female athletes receive. [Lopiano and Sommers address this issue in regards to media coverage on female athletes differently. Lopiano focuses on the general message the media broadcasts and Sommers uses statistics to show the difference between female and male media. Lopiano and Sommers agree that the media considers female sports

Qualitative research is conducted in a natural setting and attempts to understand a human problem by developing a holistic narrative and reporting detailed views of informants about the culture of a problem. It forms a report with pictures and words. One of the most important distinctions that sets qualitative research apart from more traditional types of research is that qualitative research is holistic in that researchers study phenomena in their entirety rather than narrowing the focus to specific defined variables” (p. 93). Similarly, Cresswell (1984) indicated that qualitative research “is defined as an inquiry process of understanding a social or human problem, based on building a holistic picture, formed with words, reporting detailed views of informants, and conducted in a natural setting” (p. 2). Cresswell’s definition clearly delineates the major characteristics of qualitative research. Pg. 50 (Smith & Davis, 2010).

The proposed methodology is a primary qualitative approach of semi-structured interviews. This method has been chosen as the focus of this

As with all qualitative research methods in social science, there are both strengths and weaknesses in the way that interviews generate knowledge. Possibly one of the greatest strengths of an interview is its ability to be ordered by the interviewer to answer a specific question. However, this specific question is rarely asked directly. Instead, it is answered using many other questions which form an objective conversation (Berg, 2001:66). Simply speaking this means that, unlike a research method such as content analysis that generates knowledge from finding meaning in reports that were written in response to a separate research question (Sproule, 2006:115), interviews can be set up so as to gain information relating to one specific theory (Priede and Farrall, 2011:272). This can be achieved in structured interviews by framing questions beforehand that are directly

This research will be processed by using qualitative methods, specifically semi-structured interview. Semi-structured interviews are a valuable research method when focus of the study is exploring meanings and subjective perceptions (Gilham, 2000). Furthermore, semi-structured interview is appropriate when the focus of research is primarily on gaining insights and disclosure of personal experiences or meanings.

Interviews are a part of our day to day lives, with interviews being conducted in every other social interaction. According to Maccoby and Maccoby (as cited in Brinkmann, 2013, p. 2-3) , an interview is ‘a face to face verbal exchange, in which one person, the interviewer attempts to elicit information or expression of opinion or belief from another person or persons’. However, there is a difference between interviews conducted in the normal social settings and interviews conducted for qualitative research purposes (Stuckey, 2013).

Qualitative research is a technique of promoting research that stresses the quality according to the user’s point of view and approaches. In depth interviews and focus groups are best examples of qualitative research. [Laura Lake, 2009]