Differences Between Modern Liberalism And Modern Politics

As liberalism ideology evolved and championed by the economic leaders, it pose a threat to the existing social settings such as the presence of the nobility, and the church. The attempt to defend existing social arrangement is what brought about conservatism. Conservatives stood against the ideas of liberals in a rational for maintaining existing traditional political structures and the centralization of power. They stood against transferring political responsibility to the common people under the disguise of equality (Shively, 2014).

The further development of industrialisation led to social and economic inequality. This led to a revision of classical liberal ideas to prevent the spread of ignorance and poverty. It is suggested that modern liberals have betrayed classical liberal ideas as they embrace collectivism and diverge from classical liberalism on issues such as freedom. However, it can be argued that modern liberals have simply built on classical liberal ideas such as its commitment to the individual.

People’s views on a wide range of issues are influenced or determined by the kind of foundational belief systems they hold. Therefore, the difference in the nature of opinions among individuals or groups of people alludes to the existence of distinct belief systems. In the course of history, the distinction between Liberalism and Conservatism has become more vivid particularly in the political arena where various players have expressed opposing points of view regarding the nation’s future. It is indeed undisputable that the foundational beliefs of Liberalism are diametrically opposed to those of Conservatism. This essay will give a definition of each term and describe how the two oppose each other.

(Davies, 1997) Conservatives are mostly for preserving the society instead of a takeover, which emphasizes stability.(McLean and McMillan, 2009) Viscourt Hailsham a former chairman of the British Conservative Party described conservatism. "Conservatism is not so much a philosophy as an attitude, a constant force, performing a timeless function in the development of a free society, and corresponding to a deep and permanent requirement of human nature itself."(Hailsham, 1959)

Modern and Classical liberalism can be distinguished historically. Indeed when most people attempt to distinguish the two, placing the strands into time periods is perhaps the most obvious and easiest distinctions to make. The period in between the late 18th century and the mid 19th is that magnanimous with Classical liberalism. It was the earliest liberal tradition, and reached its high point during the early industrialization of the 19th century and is therefore sometimes referred to as ‘19th century liberalism’. Politicians and thinkers associated with it are Smith, Ricardo and Locke. Modern liberal ideas were related to the further development of industrialization and thus people associate it with the period between the mid-19th century and the mid-20th century and with figures such as J. S. Mill, Green and Lloyd- George. Indeed the historical development of society led to a parallel evolution of liberalism, with the character of liberalism changing as the ‘rising middle classes’ succeeded in establishing their economic and political dominance. Liberalism was no longer radical or revolutionary, but had become increasingly conservative and concerned itself less with change and reform, but instead with the maintenance of the status quo. This lead to liberals in the late 19th century beginning to question the

The United States began as a weak, newborn nation that grew into a large, self-supporting country with a governing body unique to this time period. As the government grew and the nation prospered, the rise of leaders and political figures came about and with this, conflicting principles and ideology spawned, thus creating the first of the political parties; the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. Although the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans ideology and stances on the power of the federal government, domestic economic policies and the group of constituents they represented differed vastly, members of both parties often compromised their own beliefs for the nation’s best interest as a whole.

The New Right has significantly revised the relationship between conservatism and tradition, however. The New Right attempts to fuse economic libertarianism with state and social authoritarianism. As such, it is a blend of radical, reactionary and traditional features. Its radicalism is evident in its robust efforts to dismantle or ‘roll back’ interventionist government and liberal social values. This radicalism is clearest in relation to the liberal New Right, which draws on rational theories and abstract principles, and so dismisses tradition. New Right radicalism is nevertheless reactionary in that both the liberal and conservative New Right hark back to a 19th century ‘golden age’ of supposed economic prosperity and moral fortitude. However, the conservative New Right also makes an appeal to tradition, particularly through its emphasis on so-called ‘traditional values’.

The conservative movement has played a crucial role in American politics in the post war era. Ronald Story and Bruce Laurie indentify various elements of the American conservatism. These elements include challenging authoritarian governments and modernist culture, upholding tradition, Christian religion and the rule of law, defending western civilization, and supporting republicanism. American conservatism has been characterized by competing ideologies and tension throughout history. The Americans who are politically liberal and economically conservative favor free trade, minimal state intervention, low taxes, and a small government. On the other hand, conservatives hold the view that American traditional values are normally undermined by

The Conservatives had four main ideologies. The first ideology was brought about by Edmund Burke (1729-97). He was the first philosopher of the party though originally a Whig. However, the ideology’ traditional respect for the past’ was established. This ideology believed in order and stability in a nation. In addition, they believed in hierarchy, the monarchy, aristocracy, Church of England, patriotism, love of the land and distrust of progress. (Holmes pg 278)

With America now in its very earliest days of being a new nation, any and all actions taken by the government would have lasting impacts on the development of the country and, going forward, would set a precedent for the future. After the Revolution and signing of the Declaration of Independence, America was no longer a sparse group of colonies aggregated along the Eastern coast. America was the start of something entirely new and profound to the modern world: democracy. Because of its hot and fiery origins, the founding fathers of America and intellectuals of the age — whether war veterans or legislators — were very much divided on the vision of America’s future. Thus, the roots of political parties were set in the course of American history forever. From the period 1789 to 1800, political parties developed from an insurmountable difference in opinion in leading a nation. These stark differences and

Although counterintuitive to today’s modern political arena, the Conservative vs progressive fight for dominance of the cultural hegemony enforced onto the citizens have swapped on the ideals supported. Historically the Conservative party was thought to be more progressive in regards to individual rights and the rejection of the power of the central state, whereas the parties that identified with the progressive movement were more idealistic and desired a stronger central state to help bring along a more egalitarian future. Conservative ideals involved wanting to promote the idea of the “common good”, respect for tradition, and often coinciding with Republicanism ideals.

The world gradually entered its modern state after the English Revolution and largely abandoned the old political systems of monarchy. Economic achievement made due to the Industrial Revolution strengthened the connection between the economy and politics, and thus the emergence of classical liberalism and its future derivatives are inseparably tied to both economic and political components. Classical liberalism, New deal liberalism and neoliberalism are similar in that they all put much emphasis on the economy. They derived from the same basic ideology that individuals should be free and have their own properties protected. However, under the so-called freedom and democracy is the fact that they do not apply to every member of the society.

In the world of politics, there are many people who tend to view the world through a lense that justifies as to how they view the world around them. Specifically in the US today, there are individuals who are either conservative, or are liberals. While comparing conservatism and liberalism, they are extremely different in terms of definition. Conservatism is defined as an individual who, “believes in the value of established and traditional practices in politics and society”(Merriam Webster). In a broad perspective, conservatism is traditionally interpreted when a person is unwilling to accept change. In contrast, liberalism is defined, “ [as a] belief in the value of social and political change in order to achieve progress” (Merriam Webster).

Liberalism and conservatism have been political ideas and thoughts from the very birth of our democracy. Their views and points of the government's role in a democratic society have changed over the years, but the basic ideas and principles have remained the same. There are many different degrees of liberalism and conservatism as almost anyone can be labeled. Some individuals are radical and extreme while others stand on more of a neutral territory, but the debates between the understood ideas of each group have continued throughout the history of the United States. We will take liberalism's Gary Doore and conservatism's Irving Kristol as modern day examples and compare and contrast the

The crisis of modernity within political liberalism can be seen as a result of modern man slowly losing faith in reason and trust. In addition to, as a substantial factor to arguments that modern man will do anything he to achieve his vision of what “greater human life is or can be”. Through the reflection of the thoughts, experiences, and writings of Thomas Hobbes, one can can to begin to question where the crisis arises from. Hobbes argues that “modern man no longer knows what he wants” and has lost “faith in reason’s ability to validate its highest aims” manifesting into a spiraling crisis where modern man creates a destructive path between “greater life” and the trust that binds human society together. Furthermore, argues that are distant differences between passion and reason, which thus relates to the overarching factors of political liberalism and what the true crisis within is. Through insightful writings and thought processes Hobbes creates the key argument that trust is an ever sensitive and complex notion that human nature. Which is be cataclysmic through religious warfare and the ever weakening governmental structure. Hobbes mind set of having no trust in humanity has the ability for society to lose trust in a blank of eye. Which has developed into a human nature in which no individual may trust another within a given society. Leading to not only the destruction of basic social contracts of communities, but the ability to have justified reasons for humans to do