Different Forms Of Depressive Disorders

According to the Journal of Medicine, Major Depressive Disorder is related to normal emotions of sadness and temperament. When the external cause of these emotions scatter in different directions, the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder requires a change of mood, sadness and accompanied by at least several psychological changes. They do not sleep well, their appetite changes and lack sexual desire. Depression is a heterogeneous disorder with a highly variable course, an inconsistent response to treatment.

Major depressive disorder, we all have probably heard of it, but do we really know what is it is ? Major depressive disorder is “a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest… major depressive disorder or clinical depression, affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Having this disorder puts you in a very unstable position because you are constantly feeling depressed so it affects the way you think and feel and that can be very dangerous. Sometimes this happens to a person for one day, but put yourself in the shoes of someone who experiencing this for more than two weeks? When you have major depressive disorder, the signs of depression disorder can last for two weeks or more(myers646). This dis order must be treated immediately because “depression may make you feel as if life isn 't worth living”(Mayo Clinic Staff). Feeling this way can lead you to doing things that you can not take back such as committing suicide and sadly that can happen when you have major depressive disorder. Kiyohara and Yoshimasu conducted a research that showed that 90% of suicides have were dealing with major depressive disorder(qtd. in The World Health Organization). Throughout this paper I will be discussing the causes, symptoms and treatment when dealing with major depressive disorder.

Mental disorders can be diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. Major depression is a lost of interest or pleasure in all activities. People with major depression experience symptoms such as a change of appetite, restlessness sleep, decreased energy, feeling of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and/or suicidal thoughts. A major depressive episode can lasts for about 2 weeks or more. A major depressive episode can be caused by stress, social anxiety, or other reasons. People with a milder depression are able to function and seem normal (DSM-IV-TR). A major depressive disorder affects about 14.8 million adults in America with 6.7 million at age 18 and older in the United States population. A depressive disorder can develop in any age and more likely to occur more often in women than in men and any person who is going through a hard time can develop depression. A treatment for individuals with depression is medication, psychotherapy, or attending social groups, 80 percent of the people who follow up with these treatments begin to show improvement with in four to six weeks. About 50 percent of the patients that take medicine to “cure” the depression are unsuccessful with the treatment, because they stop taking their meds due to the side effects, but the people who are in the support

6.9%, or about 16 million people, live with clinical depression, also known as major depressive disorder. Symptoms of clinical depression include: feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness; angry or irritable outbursts, often over trivial matters; changes in appetite, sleep habits, or weight; trouble concentrating, thinking and recalling information; loss of interest in normal activities

The typical description of a disease would be something that causes unwanted effects on the body; however, mental illnesses show few physical symptoms and cause problems that outsiders can rarely see. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), to be specific, is a complex disorder that occurs when a person has five of the following symptoms: a depressed mood, diminished pleasure, weight loss or gain, insomnia, lethargy, problems with concentrating, fatigue, feeling worthless, or having thoughts of suicide (Myers 3). While MDD is chronic, depression is the infrequent counterpart. The official etiology of depression is important because it is widespread and is becoming increasingly more common. Knowing why an illness occurs, in theory, can help physicians

Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.

Major Depressive Disorder is defined as a “moderate-to-severe mood disorder in which a person experiences only major depressive episodes but no hypomanic, manic, or mixed episodes” (Butcher, Hooley, & Mineka, 2014, p. 618). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is also referred to Major Depression. MDD is also “characterized by a combination of symptoms that interfere with a person’s ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy once-pleasurable activities. Major depression is disabling and prevents a person from functioning normally. Some people may experience only a single episode within their lifetime, but more often a person may have multiple episodes” (National Instittute of Mental Health, 2014, p. 2)

A major depressive episode is described as having a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure along with five (or more) of the following symptoms: (a) significant weight loss, (b) insomnia or hypersomnia, (c) psychomotor agitation or retardation, (d) fatigue or loss of energy, (e) feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt, (f) diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, and (g) recurrent

Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses in the United States. In 2013 8.1% of females, and 5.1% of males in America reported having a major depressive episode in the previous year. (National Institute of Mental Health, 2013). According to Lorig and Powell (1988) women are more commonly diagnosed with depression and histrionic personality disorders, while men are more frequently diagnosed with antisocial personality disorders. This is consistent with the theory of shifting standards, which states that stereotyped social groups (e.g. women vs. men or African Americans vs. Caucasians) are held to different standards. For example, often times when you say a woman is tall, it would be in the context of other women. When you say a man is tall, it would be in the context of other men. People’s perceptions of “tallness” are very different for these two groups, based on the stereotypes they hold about each group. The goal of this research is to identify how the shifting standards model applies to sexual orientation and depression.

In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) was listed as a loss of interest in daily activities, impaired social, occupational, and educational functioning, and at least 5 of the specific symptoms to appear everyday. These specific symptoms include a

Depression is a normal emotional reaction to perceived loss and hopelessness (Segal, Williams, & Teasdale, 2002). There are a number of different types of depression such as chronic depression, manic depression and the primary focus of this essay Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). MDD is a clinical depression, which is more chronic and more severe compared to other types of depression. It significantly disrupts the individual’s ability to meet the normal demands of life. According to many clinicians, clinical depression should be considered as a medical illness in need of medical intervention. Other mental health professionals believe this is an overstatement of the role of physiology and the

Debra also met the criteria for mood disorder under the type of major depressive episode. Mood disorder is one of a group of disorders involving severe and enduring disturbances in emotionality ranging from elation to severe depression. Major depressive episode is the most common and severe experience of depression, including feelings of worthlessness, disturbances in bodily activities such as sleep, loss of interest and inability to experience pleasure, persisting for 2 weeks. Features of major depressive episode includes depressed mood for most of the day ( or irritable mood in children or adolescents), markedly diminished interest or pleasure in most daily activities, significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or significant decrease or increase in appetite, ongoing insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue or loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminished ability to think or concentrate, recurrent thoughts of death, suicide ideation or suicide attempt, clinically significant distress or impairment, not associated with bereavement and persistence for longer than 2 months. Depression is not a selective illness; it affects children, teenagers, adults, and senior citizens.  The percentage of the population that is depressed at any one time is about three percent in the United States, and over a period of one year, the rates are around

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is categorised by loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities and a depressed mood (Burton, Westen & Kowalski, 2015). Symptoms include disturbances in sleep, appetite, concentration and energy. Sufferers often feel worthless, shoulder excessive guilt and, experience suicidal thoughts (Burton et al., 2015). Episodes often last 5 months (Spijker et al., 2002, as cited in Burton et al., 2015). One in seven Australians will experience depression (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2009, as cited in Burton et al., 2015). MDD is also associated with a high suicide and relapse rate (Maj et al., 1992, as cited in Burton et al., 2015). Three treatment methods for MMD will be evaluated; interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Through this evaluation it becomes clear that combined treatment is the most effective method.

In my term paper I will be discussing the different types of mood disorders, the two types of disorders that will be covered in this paper is depressive and bipolar disorder. I will be talking about the signs and symptoms, known causes and factors that contribute, current researches that have been conducted on the disorders, and also the diagnosis and treatments.

Major Depressive Disorder is marked by sadness and any four of the following seven criteria: weight loss or weight gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, motor slowing or agitation, fatigue, worthlessness or guilt, impaired concentration, and thoughts of suicide or suicide attempt. Those with Major Depressive Disorder have never had mania or hypomania and may also have anxiety symptoms. When the Major Depressive Disorder is combined with melancholic features, then the person has a “loss of pleasure in all, or almost all, activities [and has a] lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli (does not feel better, even temporarily, when something good happens” (American Psychiatric Association, p. 185). Observations made by others, such as being tearful, is also a criterion of this disorder (American