Different Methods For Antibody Production

As of 2015, 200 to 225 million animals are said to used in laboratory research for the biomedical industry annually worldwide. Typically defended by arguments of reliability and human health benefits, recently the question of ethics and values placed on animal testing have caused it to become a relevant and pressing topic that has been more widely discussed and debated. First off, the laboratory conditions that are instigated upon millions of animal models for the sake of medical research has been said to be unethical and cruel. Additionally, it has been debated that the results of animal experimentation are unreliable across a wide range of areas. Lastly, animal testing not only leads away from the direction of resources from more effective testing methods but also prolongs the duration of time humans may need to wait for an effective cure. Therefore, the potential benefits of animal experimentation are greatly outweighed by the risks and collective harm of humans and animals which is why resources should be directed towards more human-based testing procedures.

Animal testing has become a wide contribution in medical field in order to find new treatment, developing new medicines and improving the existing ones as well as testing the safety and effectiveness of new medicines. Some medicines development is depending on animal research, for instances, vaccines and insulin for diabetes and kidney transplants. However, there are many diseases that their cures are still undiscovered yet and one of them is AIDS (Tanir, 2012). Frankie L. Trull once said in his article of Animal Test Research Has Saved Many Human Lives, “[…] fight against cancer has seen 24 significant biomedical advances in the past 30 years. None of them could have occurred without animal research.” Therefore, this

Animal testing is crucial because without it, scientists might never find developments for biomedical research. Worldwide, there are millions of diseases that create devastation in countless families. However, there are vaccines, cures, and processes that scientists have came up with to help fix this problem. How fast and efficiently they come up with these treatments is the difference in many lives saved. Animal testing has been proven to speed up the process of collecting research

Doke, Sonali K. and Shashikant C. Dhawale. "Alternatives to Animal Testing: A Review." Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, No. 3, 2015, p. 223. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2013.11.002. Web. Accessed 16 September 2017.

Ever since the beginning of human history, to the reign of the Mongols, and even to the colonization of the Americas, disease has played a role in shaping society. Its negative impacts has depopulated many cities, countries, and empires. In the distant past, it was quite difficult to avoid contagious diseases. However, in today’s society, steps have been taken to discover new effective modes of treatment through animal testing. Such testing; however, has proved to be quite a controversial issue due to ethics and its utilization of animals. Despite any objections, the use of genetically bred animals is imperative for the purpose of discovering new medications to treat various terminal diseases.

Animal testing has contributed to many life-saving cures and treatments for humans. In the last century, nearly all the medical breakthroughs, for finding cures and treatment for diseases, were directly from animal testing. Animal testing first began in 129 A D with a Greek doctor named Galen. Galen’s main focus for conducting animal testing was to advance the understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Scientists have been doing animal testing for various reasons, from finding cures to diseases to testing makeup to see if the makeup is safe for human use. Animal testing has been good for humans, but not much for the animals being tested on. While many people do not agree with animal testing because of the high risks

Another option could be to use humans instead of animals because we are different and our reactions could also be different. The author points out, "An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals are used to develop medical treatments, determine the toxicity of medications, check the safety of products destined for human use, and other biomedical, commercial, and health care uses. " (Animal Testing – ProCon.org). Animals may be harmed while testing.

The use of animals in lab work is a controversial practice that is met with strong opposition from various animal welfare groups and just people in general. The argument of whether it is ethical or morally right to continue this practice has been going on for a long time and it seems we are now at a place where alternatives to animal testing are available. Scientists have been able to reconstruct testing methods that don’t revolve around the use of animals. Such alternatives that are currently being looked into, or have already begun being implemented, include in vitro cell cultures, organoids, organs-on-chips, human-on-a-chip, noninvasive imaging, and microdosing. These methods would all allow for the reduction of animal use in laboratories or the flat out replacement of them. In vitro cell culture is the utilization of animal or plant cells for the purpose of culturing them in an artificial environment. This artificial environment would provide many of the necessary components for normal cell function such as nutrients and growth factors. Another benefit to this innovation is the ease of manipulation, molecularly, and the cost and time benefit it would have over animal models of similar nature. This new innovation would allow for studies in pharmaceutical screenings and development as well as the production of various biological compounds such as therapeutic proteins. This method is

Although there has been thousands of reports of animal abuse in the field of medical testing, there has also been an extraordinary amount of success that come from these examinations. With these tests, scientists were able to advance in

There are many purposes of drug testing on animals, the main ones aim to investigate the absorption of a certain concentration of a drug into the blood, how it is broken down in the body, the rate it is excreted from the body as well as other factors such as mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, toxicity (Lethal Dose 50), eye irritancy, skin irritation, corrosion, sensitization and etc (2). These investigations can avoid potential mutagens from pharmaceuticals, irritancy from chemicals and other side effects which can be explored and if fatal, can be eliminated and avoided. These drugs can be conducted on cell cultures; however, there could unforeseen circumstances. For example, the antibiotic prontosil had ‘no effect on bacteria in culture’ (3) but when given to a mouse is was broken down by the liver into another antibacterial drug called sulfanilamide which is now being used to treat many bacterial infections such as pneumonia and if was not tested on mice, the sulfa drug would not have been discovered.

Many Americans are dreaming of the “perfect” long lasting and healthy life and some of that may be possible to achieve with animal testing. Animal testing is saving lives through breakthrough advancements in medicine. Plus, this is happening without causing extreme amounts of animal fatalities.If there was another way to test for medicine scientists would use it, but unfortunately, animal testing is the one and only

Recently, the problem of animal testing has aroused people’s concern. Between twenty-five and fifty million animals are killed in American laboratories each year, and these animals include mice, rats, cats, monkeys and son on. Animal testing is one of the traditional approaches to studying how human and animal bodies work, and it is also frequently used to test medicine and chemicals. For example, a lot of medical students do animal testing to help them learn more about the medical science and finish their assignments. Since the technology has developed, there are all kinds of drugs and chemicals that are manufactured by humans, and animals are increasingly used to make sure the drugs and chemicals work, especially when a new disease is

Animal research is a very controversial topic. This form of testing should be the top funding priority because of all the scientific advances that have been made. This paper will highlight a few of the many reasons that animal testing is a very useful scientific tool.

Animals are the only whole, living body other than humans to perform scientific study on. In many cases there is just no other choice than to use animals because they are the only other thing besides humans that have sophisticated, detailed operations in the body systems. The testing process requires a circulatory system to carry a drug to different parts and areas of the body in order to see the effects it has on them. For example, things such as blindness and high blood pressure can not be studied from a tissue culture, tube, or little dish(“Animal Testing”). Although many argue you do not need the body to test, we do not currently have the technology to make computer programs or other methods of replicating the intricate and highly sensitive

Animal testing is essential for developing lifesaving treatments. Due to experiments on animals we have treatments for diabetics, tuberculosis, breast cancer, malaria and brain injuries. Immunizations against mumps, polio, and hepatitis has saved a countless number of lives thanks to the discovery of new drugs. Roughly ninety-five percent of all lab animals are special-bred mice and rats. The balance of animals that are tested on is rabbits, guinea pigs, sheep, pigs, and fruit flies. Rodents are considered the number one choice for modern medical researchers because they have a short life span. They choose animals that have a life span of two to three years because that allows the scientists to observe what happens during the “fast forward” stage. Six out of the eight major discoveries were recognized with Nobel Prizes, some of which involve the bone-marrow transplant, cloning of genes, and the detection of proto-oncogenes in normal DNA. The essential need for animal research and observation is supported by health agencies and medical associations around the world.