Difficulty Of Measuring Social Carrying Capacity

Making tourism more sustainable is not just about controlling and managing the negative impacts of the industry. Tourism is in a very special position to benefit local communities, economically and socially, and to raise awareness and support for conservation of the environment.

Tourism plays a significant role in sustainable development and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Tourism Organization (WTO) wish to encourage all countries to make sure that their policies and actions for its development and management fully embrace the principles of sustainability. Likewise, policies to promote sustainable development should take full account of the opportunities offered by tourism. Various international conventions and declarations have put forward principles and guidelines for sustainable tourism and the importance of tourism and its sustainability was underlined at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development. Many countries declare that they are pursuing, or wish to pursue, policies for ‘sustainable tourism’. Despite this interest, there remains a degree of uncertainty over the scope and priorities for making tourism more sustainable and only partial appreciation of how to put this into practice (Making Tourism More Sustainable, 2005).

The WTO (2001), however, defines sustainability in tourism literature as ‘Development that meets the needs of the today’s tourists and the host region while protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future.’ It is envisaged as leading to the management of all resources in such a way that economic, social, and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecology processes, biological diversity and life support system.

Social capital can be found any many different forms, but when discussing similarities and difference in church and the workplace it is very close to comparing apples and oranges. My view is that when we are at work there is not much time for talking of politics, except for a small time frame during lunch, the occasional smoke break (if you’re a smoker). Although there are other small bites of time in passing that there is a sporadic case of networking that is happening while in passing. One of the biggest reason for the decline for social capital in the workplace are unions are not as common as they were in earlier years. Since the mid 1950’s unions have tumbled from 32.5% to 14.1% (Putnam, 2000, p. 81). The cause for this decline of unions in today’s work I feel stems from not needing unions since there already is so many other labor enforcement protection agencies in place unions are a thing of the past. Large and growing fraction of the American workforce has nonstandard jobs (temp-workers, independent contractors, on call workers) ( (Putnam, 2000, p. 90). Additionally, the economy and the lack of well-paying jobs are still in hiding, regardless what is being reported. According to a Roper poll the proportion of Americans satisfied with their jobs fell from 46% in mid-1970’s to 36% in 1992; some of this disaffection is traceable to concerns of about job security and personal finances (Putnam, 2000, p. 91).

As I was contemplating a topic for this paper on, I happened to be reading the chapter in Pastimes, our textbook, which talks about ecotourism and sustainable tourism. I frankly had never really considered the impact millions of visitors had on a state Park or national monument, and the idea of sustainable tourism as defined by Russell, “controlling visitation to tourist sites so that impacts are neither permanent or irreversible.” I found myself thinking more and more about leisure pursuits and how they do impact society as a whole. For example if I am a kayaker, what were the impacts of producing my kayak on the environment? What is the impact of me kayaking on fish and other wildlife in the river or lake ? Being a student, I don’t travel much and I am not a kayaker, but what about my own leisure activities? How does my primary hobby, gardening, either positively or negatively impact the environment and/or society as a

Carrying capacity is closely linked with environment. Every tourist region has a carrying capacity for tourists as well as for any other type of use. This capacity varies with the fragility of the area concerned and the nature of the tourist activity contemplated. For example, an island rainforest is a very fragile environment which could be easily endangered by excessive number of tourists using it.

Sports tourism depicts the act of traveling from one place to another such as a state or country. The purpose is to watch a sports game competition. The practice has not always been entirely widespread, but in the contemporary world, the number of people attending events that are happening outdoors has considerably augmented. The rate of travel has increased, and people engage in the act to participate in their favored events. The trend has thus increased the rate of traveling activities (Bull & Weed, 2012). The essay will analyze the potential effects of sports tourism and include the aspects of economic, social and environmental. It will further explain an integration of sustainability principles and conclude by giving a

Tourism is a fast growing industry and a valuable sector, contributing significantly to the economy (“The Social & Cultural Impacts of Tourism”, n.d.). It has been generally accepted that tourism is, for the most part and with relatively few exceptions, beneficial to both generating and destination countries (Holloway, 2009, p. 114). Some researchers are less sure that this is the case. This essay will discuss the environmental and social impacts of tourism in the UK considering whether the benefits exceed the costs.

Tourism is one of the most exciting and progressive industries in the world. Tourism today is a leisure activity of the masses. People travel to international destinations to break the regular monotony of life. They are mainly attracted by either the scenic beauty of its nature or by fascinating leisure, sports and adventure activities offered by the destination. However, every destination has some internal strengths and weaknesses that either enhance its capacity to attract foreign visitors or diminish it. Similarly the external environment can create various opportunities or exposed to threats as well.

They also get to be mindful of new tastes and ways of thinking, which may prompt expanded resistance among the hosts and the guests. Next, for the tourism can create minimum amount of interest to support local expressions which is the chance to offer local artworks. After a long list of advantages, there are negative effects of social and cultural aspects also. The term social carrying capacity is name the measure of individuals that a general public and its land area can tolerate without generous harm to its way of life. Potential guests to another society may bring so as to bring about issues inferable from congestion or new practices. The disadvantages social and culture of tourism is demonstration effect such as in some locations, tourism has caused what is termed the demonstration effect. Comparing with their own lifestyles, the local residents often see the visitors as uniformly wealthy and in possession of all the good things in life. This display of material goods and affluence may lead to envy and resentment from the locals. A decline in the moral conduct in the local community, such as promiscuity, prostitution, alcohol, and drug use; is particularly damaging to a society that had few of these behaviors owning to

Tourism in a free market economy can exploit natural resources as a means of a profit accumulation, and therefore has been described as the commercialisation of the human need to travel. The notion of unlimited gain has led to exploitation of host communities, their cultures, and environments. (Walker, 2011)

The reason for this is the simple fact that, as tourism development and tourist activity expands, so too does the potential harm, social impact and potential for human induced harm and disturbance to destination residents and the environment (Jackson 2006). Kenneth (2003), also concur with Jackson that even though the cruise sector has opened up an opportunity for heavy use and instantaneous cash flow from short term but intense use, this had added pressure onto land-based facilities, resulting in congestion, scheduling and control problems, which have affected visitor satisfaction which will result in decline cruise visitors. Other experts in the field agreed with the statements mention above that as the cruise ships continue to grow larger, further investment may be required. Under these types of tourism scenarios with high infrastructure or environmental costs, rapid growth of tourism may result in a stagnation of or even a decline in GDP (Gooroochurn et al (2005); Nowak et al (2003) and Nowak et al (2007).

The essay presents the findings from the study “defining the carrying capacity in Bali “Tourism destination” learning outcomes some of the difficulties in measuring this destination of its ecological carrying capacity this application has the greatest potential in protecting areas most tourism planners and research’s distinguish between four different types of carrying capacity’s physical, ecological/biological, psychological and social carrying capacity for a particular tourism destination its practical analysis and measurement and its efficient application in Bali island destination tourism carrying capacity (TCC) need to be considered general frame work guiding local community, planners and decision makers this should provide not only the maximum but also minimum level of development . this study aims at the elaboration of a comprehensive ecological frame work which will contribute to an understanding of the concept of tourism carrying capacity in a Bali Island-Indonesia. In this research investigating on ecological carrying capacity(ECC) in the context of Bali Island this Island has a land area of 5,659 square kilometres and total population of approximately 4.2 million (indosurflife,2014).

The Travel and Tourism industry is still one of the largest single businesses in world commerce and its importance is widely recognized. The tourism industry is now one of the largest sectors earning foreign exchange. In the face of many benefits, many countries have started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national development agenda. Tourism is an industry that operates on a massively broad scale: it embraces activities ranging from the smallest sea-side hotel; to air-lines, multi-national hotel chains and major international tour operators. Originally, non-traditional industries such as tourism emerged as a solution to strike a balance between ecology and industry

Planning and development are both extremely important factors within the tourism industry and can have both positive and negative effects on the environment, local communities and tourist destinations. “Destination planning aims to limit the negative impacts of cultural tourism upon the history and lifestyles of the local community. An understanding of sustainable tourist development allows for the development of culture without loss of its authentic identity” (Maidment. T. 2012). This statement discusses the importance of planning to avoid having any negative impacts on environments and communities. Because the effects of tourism are so severe to destinations, many natural and cultural resources have been destroyed, therefore tourism planning is vital to preserve and maintain these places for future generations.