Science Script
Introduction;
Everyday, we eat and drink, often taking it for granted. Most people disregard what happens within our body during digestion process, So, what really happens in our body when we digest?
Scene 1; Mouth
Digestion first begins in the mouth, using mechanical digestion. Incisors first bite into the food breaking the polymers into smaller monomers. As the food goes further into your mouth the food is then ground by your molars. This breaks down the food into smaller particles, which is then mixed by the tongue along with saliva. Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands into the mouth, and this saliva contains enzymes to help break down the food. Complex carbohydrates, such as starch or glycogen, will be broken down
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Muscles in the mouth, including the tongue contract, forcing the food down the pharynx. Food passes over the epiglottis, causing it to close so that food or liquid does not enter the respiratory system (Human Anatomy). The food then goes into the oesophagus which connects the mouth and pharynx to the stomach. Continual waves of muscle contraction then relaxation in the Oesophagus, called peristalsis, moves the food now known as a bolus to the stomach.
Scene 3;
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Once the bolus enters the stomach, the lower oesophageal sphincter contracts to prevent acid reflux. Folds in the stomach allow for the stomach to expand as the stomach fills. The stomach excretes hydrochloric acid and other enzymes which allow for the break down of the bolus, as well as mucus to help protect the lining of the stomach walls against the stomach acid. Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where stomach acid of pH of 1 disrupts protein structure which allows for proteolytic enzymes, also known as proteases, to reduce large proteins to polypeptides (Human Anatomy). Stomach acid has numerous jobs in the breaking down of the bolus such as; rendering minerals more soluble, maintains acidity, killing microbes and converts inactive digestive enzymes to their active form. The muscle contractions in the stomach causes the bolus to turn into chyme, a food mixture with a watery like texture. The chyme now enters the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter at the base of the stomach, which regulates the rate at which chyme is released into the small
Digestion starts in mouth and it is going through several steps. Teeth which are a Mechanical digestion start tearing and crushing the food down into small pieces so that the food will smoothly run down our throat. The salivary glands are located underneath the back of our tongues and that’s what is creating our saliva. The saliva is the Chemical Digestion is helping soften the food in the mouth so it is easy to swallow. Also saliva is the first out of several chemicals that is breaking the food into smaller bits. The tongue is the muscle that works with the food and saliva to form something similar to balls that can be swallowed. Also tongue contains taste buds so that we know if the food is salt, sweet, sour or bitter. Esophangus is a simple transportation tube that is joining the throat with stomach. When swallowing we are closing a trap door in our throats called the epiglottis. By closing this trap we are preventing the food prom going to trachea and into our lungs. Also Food moves down the esophangus using muscles not gravity. Stomach is the first stop after the Esophangus. When the food gets into stomach the stomach uses chemicals to try to make the food smaller. These chemicals are called gastric juices and they include hydrochloric acid and enzymes. (Enzymes are
Digestion is a process in which insoluble food is broken down into particles which are made into soluble particles enough to be absorbed and to be used by the body and into the bloodstream. These soluble particles are major macronutrients made up of protein, carbohydrates and fats which are needed for essential maintenance for the functioning of the human body. Nutrients are found in foods- proteins are found in red meat/poultry; sources of carbohydrates include
Digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by various cells within the body. The breakdown is initiated when food is ingested in the mouth and specific enzymes are exposed to components within the food molecules. Digestion begins in the mouth with mastication, or chewing, performed by the teeth. The purpose of chewing
A child came up to me today and ask me if he swallows a cookie what all happens to it. Once it enters the mouth, chemical and mechanical steps work to break the cookie into smaller pieces and remove its nutrients for use by the body. Tracing the digestion of a cookie involves a quick trip down your esophagus, a churn in the stomach and a slow, winding movement through the intestines.
Explain expediency and benefits of their intake and excretionThe digestion of carbohydrate begins in the mouth, and then the salivary gland moistens the food as the food is chewed. The salivary glands have an enzyme called amylase. The amylase is a catalyst that helps in the breakdown of polysaccharides Carbohydrate food. After eating the carbohydrate food into pieces with the help of amylase, it is swallowed to the stomach (chyme) through the oesophagus, at chyme, no digestion takes place. The salivary amylase stops action, and the stomach produces acid that destroys any bacteria. From the stomach, the chyme enters the small intestine (duodenum), the pancreas releases an enzyme called pancreatic amylase that helps in the splitting of polysaccharide into disaccharide. The small intestine t produces maltase, lactase, sucrose. These are enzymes that aids in splitting the disaccharides into monosaccharides.How did the carbohydrate, fats, and proteins differ in digestion process? Explain suitability and benefits of their intake and excretion. (Atoba, MA 1988) The intestinal bacteria help in digesting carbohydrates that refused to digest like other carbohydrates or excreted with faces.Example of carbohydrate foods are bread,Paste,
To begin the process of digestion the burger must be chewed up, this is a form of mechanical digestion. The saliva produced is used to break up foods into smaller pieces so it is made easier to swallow, this is using chemical digestion. After being swallowed it travels down the esophagus, at the end of the esophagus is a muscular ring which allows food to enter the stomach. After entering it squeezes shut keeping fluid and food from flowing back up. Inside of the stomach, stomach muscles churn and mix the burger where digestive acids and enzymes are created to help break the burger down into a liquid or paste. Once broken down it leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine. As the thick liquid food
Label the 3 test tubes with your initials and number each 1,2, and 3. (This allows for them to be distinguished)
The slice of apple enters the mouth, which is the first component of the digestive tract. Inside, the teeth break the apple down into smaller pieces through chewing, which is a form of physical digestion. The tongue moves it around in our mouth, and the salivary glands produce saliva which mixes with the apple to begin the breaking-down process, which is called chemical digestion. The enzyme in the saliva, called amylase, begins breaking down starch from the apple into sugars such as glucose. There also other enzymes in our mouth that begin the digestion process and these include lipase, which digests the very small
The lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS), links the oesophagus and the stomach together and along with the upper oesophageal sphincter ensures that the movement of food within the GI tract is unidirectional (Insel, et al., 2010), (Bijlani & Manjunatha, 2010). The sphincters consist of thickened rings of circular muscle; it is these thickened rings of muscle, which allows the sphincter to carry out the movement of food into the stomach (Starr & McMillan, 2015), (Hull, 2011). Partially digested food, can move into the stomach when the circular muscles relax (due to peristalsis). When the circular muscles are contracted, they prevent the backflow (reflux) of gastric acid present in stomach (Insel, et al., 2014), (Tilanus & Attwood, 2013).
The mechanical digestion also known as the physical process of breaking down the food with no introduction of chemical. The teeth chews and break down the food in the mouth and is the first step in the digestion process known as ingestion. The food is moves from the mouth down into the alimentary cannel as soon as the surface area of the food is for a swallowing process and is ready for mobility. Inside the mouth carbohydrates starts digestion through the salivary amylase which also incorporates the mechanical and chemical digestion,
the salivary glands, and swallowing of the food - which sends it onwards down the digestive tract.
The mouth is where the digestion first begins as firstly the scent of the food will travel to the nose causing the salivary glands in the mouth to produce saliva as there are three pairs that do this. As you are chewing the food with your teeth the food starts to get broken down more saliva is produced along with the breaking down. The secretion will be transferred into the mouth and the tongue as the salivary glands are causing it to do this. Also, the digestive juice contains an enzyme which is known as salivary amylase which now begins the digestion of carbohydrates as well as lubricating the mouth in order to help with the bolus formation.
Let’s start with the mouth. The digestive process begins even before the food reaches the stomach. The teeth and salivary glands work together to break down the food and make it untroublesome to swallow. The salivary glands also work to break down starches in the food.
The first step in the digestive process is mastication, or chewing. This is the motility of the mouth which involves the slicing, grinding, tearing and mixing
The mouth is the very beginning of the digestive tract, and is literally where the first bite of food is taken. Chewing food breaks down the food into little pieces, while saliva mixes with the food to assist with the process of breaking it down. After the food has been broken down, it enters the esophagus, which is in essence,