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Digestion Lab Report

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Science Script

Introduction;

Everyday, we eat and drink, often taking it for granted. Most people disregard what happens within our body during digestion process, So, what really happens in our body when we digest?

Scene 1; Mouth

Digestion first begins in the mouth, using mechanical digestion. Incisors first bite into the food breaking the polymers into smaller monomers. As the food goes further into your mouth the food is then ground by your molars. This breaks down the food into smaller particles, which is then mixed by the tongue along with saliva. Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands into the mouth, and this saliva contains enzymes to help break down the food. Complex carbohydrates, such as starch or glycogen, will be broken down …show more content…

Muscles in the mouth, including the tongue contract, forcing the food down the pharynx. Food passes over the epiglottis, causing it to close so that food or liquid does not enter the respiratory system (Human Anatomy). The food then goes into the oesophagus which connects the mouth and pharynx to the stomach. Continual waves of muscle contraction then relaxation in the Oesophagus, called peristalsis, moves the food now known as a bolus to the stomach.

Scene 3; …show more content…

Once the bolus enters the stomach, the lower oesophageal sphincter contracts to prevent acid reflux. Folds in the stomach allow for the stomach to expand as the stomach fills. The stomach excretes hydrochloric acid and other enzymes which allow for the break down of the bolus, as well as mucus to help protect the lining of the stomach walls against the stomach acid. Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where stomach acid of pH of 1 disrupts protein structure which allows for proteolytic enzymes, also known as proteases, to reduce large proteins to polypeptides (Human Anatomy). Stomach acid has numerous jobs in the breaking down of the bolus such as; rendering minerals more soluble, maintains acidity, killing microbes and converts inactive digestive enzymes to their active form. The muscle contractions in the stomach causes the bolus to turn into chyme, a food mixture with a watery like texture. The chyme now enters the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter at the base of the stomach, which regulates the rate at which chyme is released into the small

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