Disadvantages Of Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy refers to a group of chronic disorders that involve degrees of brain damage that affect body control and movement. The term cerebral refers to the brain, while palsy describes a disorder that impairs the control of body movement. These disorders are not the result of muscles or nerves problems. Instead, they are due to impaired motor areas in the brain that disrupt its ability to control movement and posture. The condition typically appears within the first few years of life and it is not marked by regression. (Mecham, 1986)

My Bachelor’s in Exercise Science has equipped knowledge of the human anatomy and physiology, and exercise testing and prescription for people of different ages and health conditions. During my attendance at the University of Texas at Arlington, I joined the Little Mavs Movement Academy directed by Dr. Priscilla Cacola. I volunteered for a year in this program; while in the program I had the opportunity to learn about developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and how it interferes with activities of daily living and learning of

The human body is made up of many organ systems that consist of organs and tissues of different anatomies and diverse nomenclature. These organs systems, organs and tissues are prone to thousands of diseases, and one of these diseases is cerebral palsy, which is a disease of the nervous system in simple terms. Research relating to cerebral palsy is carried out, whereby the disorder is described, along with its history, and how it affects the nervous system and the brain. The anatomy of the body systems involves with regard to this disorder, the effects of the disorder on these body systems and other body systems are also researched and discussed. Furthermore, the research focuses on the causes of cerebral palsy, its complications, signs, and symptoms, and the diagnosis of the disorder, along with its treatment and side effects of the treatment. A recap of the research focusing on prevention strategies, the anatomy and physiology of cerebral palsy and the nervous system is presented.

Cerebral palsy is a condition which has more than one disorder which can affect movement, posture and coordination. This condition can be recognized when the child is born, but also can be detected when the child reaches particular motor development

Olama, K.A., & Thabit, N.S. (2010) performed a randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of whole body vibration (WBV) and a designed physical therapy program versus suspension therapy and the same designed physical therapy intervention in balance control in children with hemiparetic CP. Criteria for inclusion for the study were children with hemiparesis cerebral palsy from both sexes ages 8 to 10 years old, able to understand commands given to them, able to stand and walk independently with frequent falling, and balance problems ( as confirmed by the Tilt Board Balance Test). The exclusion criteria consisted of presence of any medical condition such as vision and hearing loss, cardiac abnormalities, and musculoskeletal disorders. Children who met the criteria (n=30) were recruited from the outpatient clinic, College of Physical Therapy, Cairo University The randomization was done according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Treatment allocations were done by the selection of a closed envelope randomly selected. Parents and children were informed of the treatment allocation after the selection, procedures were explained to both of them and signed assent and consent were obtained.

However there are also health conditions that can be affected by mobility such as respiratory and

The word “cerebral” refers to the brain, while “palsy” refers to its effect on the muscles. The various presentations of the disability appears to reflect the parts of the brain that are not fully functioning. There are three different types of cerebral palsy including spastic cerebral palsy, athetoid cerebral palsy, and ataxic cerebral palsy. As previously mentioned, spastic and athetoid cerebral palsy includes restricted movements and involuntary movements. Ataxic cerebral palsy refers to how balance and depth perception are affected. Correlations between cerebral palsy and other disabilities have been observed, including bladder incontinence,

This study consisted of seventeen children with cerebral palsy (CP) that participated in an 18 week riding program which was held at a therapeutic horseback riding center in New York. This particular program used the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) test which has shown great amounts of validity and reliability when assessing motor function in children with CP. Another test used was The

According to American Psychiatric Association, Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neuro-developmental disorder affecting 5–6% of school-aged children (Rivard, Missiuna, McCauley, & Cairney, 2014). Rivard et al., (2014) defined that children presenting with DCD have substantial difficulties learning and performing motor tasks in their daily lives, and their difficulties are not related to any specific medical or neurological deficit. As a result of their primary motor impairment, children with DCD are at significant risk of developing poor physical fitness, obesity and cardiovascular health, as well as anxiety, depression, low self-worth and social isolation. During Rivard et al., (2014), their research used a 5-point unipolar scale, the DCDQ instructs parents to rate their child’s motor proficiency compared with a child of his or her age. That was a questionnaire of items that included everyday activities, such as catching a ball, running, printing/writing that children typically perform. These skills pose a concern to parents of children with motor difficulties. During the study, individual item scores are summed to give a total score ranging from 15 to 75, higher scores indicate better motor co-ordination, which is then used to determine if the score suggests the presence, risk or absence of DCD compared to the 2000 issue. In summary, the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ‘07) shows discrimination to children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) compared to their peers. Furthermore, studies employing the DCDQ have typically used clinical samples. Subsequently to further validate the DCDQ’07,

The study by Lee, Kim, and Na (2014) compared HT and a horseback riding simulator concerning their effects on static and dynamic balance in children with CP. This study consisted of 26 children ages 8-12 randomly divided into a HT group and a horseback riding simulator group. Both groups completed one hour of exercise, three days a week, for 12 weeks. The intervention consisted of anterior-sitting, posterior-sitting, and side-sitting exercises for ten minutes each. Both groups also received 20 minutes of physical therapy per session. This study used BPM software to measure static balance and the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) to measure dynamic balance, pre and post intervention. Data showed significantly decreased sway lengths in static balance

Today there are many severe disability’s that effect individuals on a daily basis. Cerebral Palsy is a condition eliminates control over a person’s movements and the way the body works. The movement disorder is non curable but can be helped with appropriate assistive technology. In this paper you will learn more about Cerebral Palsy, broadening your knowledge on the disease and giving you a better understanding in your respected field of the rehabilitation.

Occupational therapy practitioners are trained at assessing body function, activity limitations, and participation restrictions (Roe, 2013). Such restriction includes; physical disability. An occupational therapist must evaluate the client's baseline function before creating an intervention to help in reducing long-term disability by facilitating the participation in everyday activities, areas of occupation, and social roles (Powell, Rich, & Wise, 2016). According to parenting and child care “A physical disability is any condition that permanently prevents normal body movement and/or control. There are many different types of physical disabilities. Some of the main ones include; Muscular dystrophies, Acquired brain and spinal injuries, Spina bifida, Cerebral palsy” (2016). However, the underlying factor of physical disability is motor control. Motor control is referred as the ability to use

Because CP describes a group of neurological and physical abnormalities, people affected by the disorder may have other neurological and physical problems. CP may not be noticeable at birth. Children with CP develop predictable developmental milestones slowly because of their motor impairments, and these delays in reaching milestones are usually the first symptoms (Gale Enc). Doctors diagnose CP by checking the infant’s motor skills, looking for developmental delays, and considering the child’s medical history. Many Doctors use the Early Motor Pattern Profile (EMPP) to help in their evaluations. The EMPP indicates variations in muscle tone, reflexes, and movement and is used to identify children during the first year of life who are at risk for the development of CP. The EMPP can be done during a routine office visit. Observation and minimal handling can detect abnormal motor patterns, making it quick and inexpensive. EMPP is the beginning of evaluation and intervention (“Early” 692). CP is a neurological disorder affecting motor control. It is the most common physical disability in childhood. It is a lifelong condition that varies from person to person. It can be very mild or extremely severe. There is no known cure, and the cause is not completely understood. The four main categories of CP are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed. Spastic is stiff and difficult movement. Athetoid is involuntary and uncontrolled movement. Ataxic is a disturbed sense of balance and

An observation was held in the alpert Jewish community center. A variety of children between the ages of three to five were observed in activities ranging from physical and motor to social and cognitive development “The Gross Motor Function Measure was designed specifically to evaluate change in gross motor function in children with CP (Russellet al1989). It consists of 88 items

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also referred to as dyspraxia, is a motor disorder. The condition is characterized primarily by “lack of co-ordination/poor co-ordination,” “motor-difficulties/impairment,” “planning difficulties,” and “organizational difficulties” (Kirby, Davies, & Bryant, 2005, p. 124). DSM-IV-TR criteria for Developmental Coordination Disorder includes: (1) “marked impairment in the development of motor coordination,” (2) “significant interfere[nce] with academic achievement or activities of daily living,” and (3) the absence of “a general medication condition” or “Pervasive Developmental Disorder” (Lingam, Hunt, Golding, Jongmans, Emond, 2009, p. e695). Furthermore, in the