Motivational Interviewing (MI) refers to a client centred counselling approach, which is directed to enhance motivation in an individual for behaviour change Miller & Rollnick (as cited in Christopher & Dougher, 2009). MI as a method understands and accepts that the clients are at different levels of readiness to change their behavior. It consistently focuses on goals to prepare the client for transformation by providing motivation for commitment to change (Bricker & Tollison, 2011) in the domains of substance abuse, addiction and risky health problems. It proceeds to make the client aware of the causes, consequences and risks that could be a result of the behavior. Through this, the client foresees the possibilities of enhancement and becomes motivated to achieve it (Jenson, Cushing, Aylward, Craig, Sorell & Steel, 2011). MI is coherent with the …show more content…
Radically William R. Miller described MI initially and further developed it with Stephen Rollnick in 1983 to help change in Alcohol drinkers (Wormer, 2007). Since, MI is consistent with the Humanistic approach it combines Client centred therapy with cognitive behavioural therapy to provoke change (Jenson et al. 2011). This focuses on the same principles as Rogerian’s therapy resembling Empathy, Unconditional positive regard and Genuineness to foster therapeutic gain and reduce ambivalence (Burke, L. 2009). MI is also based on research of smoking cessation by Prochaska & Diclemente, 1982 evolving with the transtheoretical model, revealing thinking patterns of smokers who were able to quit. This model followed the stages of pre-contemplation (not thinking of change), contemplation (thinking of change), preparation (making plans on how to change), action (working on change) and maintenance of change (Wormer, 2007). MI also builds on the cognitive dissonance theory by Festinger, 1957 and self-perception theory for changes in attitude by Bem, 1967 (Lundahl & Burke,
Researchers conduct a quasi experimental approach, and they recruited two groups of people with substance abuse: 35 clients had motivational enhancement therapy and the standard treatment, while other 35 clients only were provided the standard treatment (Rani, Maheshwari, & Arora, 2014). The result of the study was that clients with MET therapy increased the score of recognition and taking steps, and they also decreased the score of ambivalence. Thus, the conclusion was that “MET significantly increases the desire to quit substance use” (Rani, Maheshwari, & Arora,
MET is based on the principles of motivational interviewing. It draws self-motivational statements early on in early discussion and plan for change is built on that. This approach engages the addict in building the plan. Based on their own motivations as oppose to societal. People who cannot follow like 12 –steps may benefit from this therapy. Enlightenment can only occur if an individual wants to learn and MET is centered on this insight. Using peoples own statements about desired better outcomes initial resistance is countered after this is achieved an introduction of behavioral techniques can be introduced to support and individual’s ability to fend for him/herself. MET is often used with other cognitive behavioral approaches. MET could go a long way in offering insights for those effective by many mental illness. With this therapy one can heal from other associated problems like anxiety and depression for life style change (The Ranch, 2014).
Research has found CBT to be helpful in reducing relapse with older youth and males (Kaminer, Burleson, & Goldberger, 2002). CBT rate of efficacy diminishes over time which suggest incorporating other methodologies to maintain or increase CBT effectiveness. According to Miller, Forchimes, & Zweben (2011) CBT provides addicts with coping skills that were not learned because of social economic or vareity of other reasons. The intent for CBT is to collaborate with the client using a variety of cognitive, emotive, and behavioral techniques. to identify potential areas where thinking errors have led to a need to use substances or how substances have created change in beliefs and actions. Counselors can use CBT as their behavior through. Corey (2015) describes CBT as active, directive, time-limited, and psychoeducational structured therapy (p. 443). Moreover, according to Griffin & Botvin (2010) these factors consist of three components, (1)
In the past 50 years, many confrontational psychodynamic approaches became popular and almost the expectation of substance abuse and addiction treatment. There was the idea that substance abuse was a symptom of an underlying disorder (Weegmann, 2002). Once the disorder was treated, the secondary substance abuse would clear up on its own. As Weegmann discussed, research has shown that highly confrontational methods often instilled an ever deeper sense of resistance in the client. The percentage of successful outcomes within the field of addiction have been tossed around and range a great deal, however they have always seemed pretty dismal in comparison to the length and cost of many treatment programs. A new approach is necessary and
According to page 225, substance abuse is a maladaptive pattern of substance use that results in recurrent and significant negative consequences of substance use. What the Elyn Saks’ and Joanna Hari’s perspective add to my conceptualization of psychiatric conditions and substance abuse and treatment implications is that it has helped me recognize the link between substance abuse and psychiatric conditions. It can be difficult to diagnose certain types of substance abuse and mental illness. I found the video on motivational interviewing to be educational. Much of health care today involves client-provider relationships with providers helping the client. The motivational interview is a structured intervention designed to motivate the patient.
Motivation is one of the primary obstacles in getting an individual to participate in treatment and engage in the recovery process. Having worked in both inpatient and outpatient treatment facilities, I have experienced both motivated clients and unmotivated clients. Motivated clients enter treatment because they want to change their lives. Those who are motivated have acknowledged that their lives have become unmanageable and are looking to recover. By entering treatment they are seeking professional assistance to help them overcome their addiction and get their lives back on track. On the other hand, unmotivated clients may not necessarily be in denial about their problems, but quite frankly
The agency uses many models and theoretical frameworks. They include: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Trauma-Focused, Motivational Interviewing (MI) amongst others. I have been supervised working with multiple client systems within the agency substance abuse groups, individuals, families and children. The client system that I will describe and evaluate working with will be an individual. When working with the specified client system I chose Cognitive Behavior therapy to be the best therapeutic model to be used during therapy.
The one point Miller (2012) made that caught my attention was the substantial role he emphasized motivation plays in an individual’s decision to stop using drugs and alcohol. Personally, I always agreed with this thought, however, it was in a different context. I was always under the impression that once an individual had suffered enough as a result of their addiction, change would occur. However, Miller (2012) provided sound examples of the motivational process and how and why it is key in an individual’s decision to abstain from substances.
Interviewing substance-abusing clients can be very difficult, especially when the client is minimizing or exaggerating their problems. I also agree with you that personal experience, or family history, of alcohol or substance abuse definitely shapes both the therapist and the client’s perspective on substance abuse in general. However, I do not think confrontational techniques should be used when working with clients who are addicts so the client does feel the need to become defensive, hindering the therapeutic relationship. According to Sommers-Flanagan and Sommers-Flanagan (2015), previous research indicates that motivation interviewing was a beneficial approach when working with client prone to addiction. Motivational interviewing
Dr. Phil’s interviewing technique from a motivational interviewing perspective is one of great controversy, as it differs highly from what empathetic conformation should be. According to Ivey & Zalaquett, 2015, empathetic conformation is an influencing skill that invites clients to examine their stories for possible conflicts within their verbal and non-verbal communication, expressed behavior, or conflict with others. Through this, if done effectively, confrontation leads clients to new ways of thinking or increased intentionality (Ivey & Zalaquett, 2015). However this cannot be conducted by confronting the client with direct and harsh challenge, as it is a gentle skill that promotes the client to examine oneself or the situation carefully
Motivational interviewing was first described in the 1980’s and has since become increasingly popular. It was originally defined as a “directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence.” Currently, motivational interviewing is a commonly utilized, scientifically tested and validated method that is used in various counseling practices and health care settings. Rubak and colleagues conducted a meta-analysis of empirical literature on the topic of motivational interviewing. With the goal of evaluating the degree to which motivational interviewing is applicable and efficacious, they reviewed 72 Randomized-Control Trials.
Drug and alcohol dependency not only affect the user, but also friends, family, coworkers and various other subgroups that the user is involved in. Drug intervention is a difficult process that involves understanding addiction. Many individuals believe that substance abuse is a choice and that they can stop at any time, but the user chooses not to. “In reality, drug addiction is a complex disease, and quitting takes more than good intentions or a strong will” (NCADD, 2015). The statement made by the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence notes that it is a disease. This disease consumes them and simply choosing to stop may not be an option. An intervention is a long and involved process that needs the support of members in the user’s life to be effective. This paper will look at what an intervention is and the essential steps when attempting to hold an intervention for a substance abuse patient.
The concept of motivational interviewing is something that has been around for quite some time. In fact, health care providers have probably been using this technique for decades but just didn’t have a name for it. The term motivational interviewing is can be defined as a collaborative, goal-oriented kind of change that is designed to strengthen a patient’s personal motivation and commitment to a specific goal by exploring their own reasons for change while in an environment of acceptance and compassion (Adelman & Myhre, 2013).
The two interventions/techniques that are not a good fit for me are the Motivational Interviewing and the Paradoxical Intention. Why Motivational Interviewing is not a good fit for my therapeutic practice is due to myself not being a “professionally” forceful counselor. Additionally, this technique requires the counselor to work with the client’s resistance, however, when I notice resistance from the client, I choose to switch the topic in regards to making the client feel uncomfortable or upset. Indeed, when employing this interventions, the counselor is not directing or forcing the client to complete tacks or goals. The counselor is pushing against the client’s hesitation and resistance in treatment. Based on riding with the client’s resistance,
Rollnick , Miller and Butler adopted a counselling method called Motivitional Interviewing to help people change their inconsistency behaviour , such as smoking cessation( Rollnick, Miller and Butler 2008)