Disadvantages Of Waste Minimisation

In 1969 it was discovered that the site was leaching due to a lack of a bottom liner. The landfill was leaching volatile organic compounds (VOC), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and explosive landfill gases (LFG).

Assessments began to take place in the mid 1980’s, shortly after the site made the National Priorities list in 1983. Relevant standards and guidance levels were used to measure the effect of the Helen Kramer Landfill. The initiation of the EPA’s remedial investigation and feasibility study deemed the nature of the Helen Kramer landfill as an extreme risk to the environment, characterizing the site “by randomly placed, uncompacted, and uncovered refuse, with numerous settlement cracks which vented methane and water vapor” (2). According to the EPA, several million gallons of chemical wastes and over two million cubic yards of solid waste were estimated to have been disposed of at the landfill (2). Studies were performed by the EPA, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, federal natural resource trustees in the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to evaluate the onsite and nearby environmental effects due to the landfill. During these studies, contaminants were detected in air, sediments, and aquifers, including high levels of volatile organic compounds and heavy metals in the air and sediments. VOCS and heavy metals expose humans to carcinogens, developmental toxicants, and reproductive toxicants. The assessments also detected numerous contaminants such as (but not limited to),

Municipal solid wastes are leftovers made by the population such as food, plastic bottles, household wares and many more. These items referred by most as “the garage” or “trash”. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2015) In the early 1900’s, incinerators were used to burn waste however by the Mid-20th century, lawmakers enacted the first government regulations in an attempt to address increasing concerns about the environmental impact of unregulated waste management practices. With the first waste management legislation being passed in 1965, brought along the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970, thus bringing us into a new world of waste management.(Vault, n.d.)

The purpose of the landfill was to bury the large amount of contaminated the soil with toxic Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), a class of chemicals so toxic that Congress banned production later. The whole story began in 1973 when Ward PCB Transformers Company dumped more than 30,000 gallons of PCB-contaminated oil on the side of state roads in 14 North Carolina counties. The trucker, who was responsible for taking the oil to a facility to be recycled, disposed of it discreetly and illegally. The person in charge of the company and the trucker was sent to jail for a short time for their negligence on the matter. Contaminants left in the truck and factory was detoxified. However, the area around the factory as well as the lakes and rivers close to the road had been polluted. As a result, more than 60,000 tons of oils were polluted with toxic PCB.

On Florida’s Space Coast in Brevard County, the main landfill that is located on Sarno Road, is expected to exceed capacity within the next five years. Another large landfill, located in the north area of the county is expected to exceed capacity within the next twenty years. Because of the current need to fulfill the waste management needs for over Brevard County, the county has formulated a proposal to put the first cell of a Class III or construction and demolition waste, landfill, that will service Brevard County for about sixty years with the prospect of adding a more cells. This landfill will be located on land 2700 feet north of US- 192, just east of the Brevard and Osceola County border on land the county forced the Deseret cattle ranchers to sell as a public necessity, more than two decades ago, in 1991. The land was purchased for over ten million dollars by Brevard County and hundreds of thousands of dollars has been spent by the county in court, on 134 wetland credits that were required to be purchased by the county, by the state, outside research, maintaining the land, and the drafting of the landfill proposal itself .

Recycling is reusing materials like paper, plastics, and glass, breaking them down and turning them into a new product. This way no materials get wasted and not as many resources are used up for new products. There are many ways to dispose of waste, in this case plastics; incineration, landfilling, biodegradation and recycling. Incineration is effective however creates negative environmental risks and health risks by releasing different harmful gases. Landfilling requires space and many chemicals and energy in plastics are lost in disposal routes. Biodegradable plastics may not degrade fast enough to avoid a build of plastics and to help the environment. Recycling plastics is time consuming and plastics must be sorted through by the types of

Recycling is when you convert waste into reusable material. This is like when you drink, or eat something out of a can. That can after you put it in the recycling bin, soon will be brought

Have you ever wondered where all the trash goes that you throw out? Most of it ends up in landfills, gets burned or ends up on the street. Landfills are the most cost-efficient ways to get rid of trash for places like the United States but at what price. When waste disintegrates in landfills and water passes through the waste, the resulting liquid is called leachate. When leachate run off encounter local rivers and lakes it can contaminate the water and destroy whole eco systems that live in these areas. Landfill gas consists of naturally occurring methane and carbon dioxide, which form inside the landfill as the waste decomposes. As the gases form, pressure builds up inside a landfill, forcing the gases to move. Some of the gases escape through

In Tallassee, Alabama, there is a landfill. This is not just a small-town dump, this is one of the largest landfills in the state of Alabama. In fact, according to the Huffington Post, "around 4:00 a.m. most mornings, a processional of trash-transporting semis thunder over old local bridges" to drop off their first loads.

Many things that all biodegradable and up in landfills the things that take years to decompose. Such as plastic, glass, metals! etc. This problem can be solved by me, with help, using $1000. When people throw away certain things, they don't know that many of those items are organic matter that can be decomposed. When you gather these organic and biodegradable items into a band, they decompose. This is called composting. The mixture inside the bin is called compost.this compost can be used as fertilizer and can help condition land. Things like fresh grass clippings, flowers, vegetable and fruit feelings such as potatoes and orange peelings, vegetable crop residue such as potatoes and tomato plants, herbivore manure, such as horse, cow, and rabbit,

Rational: The ultimate goal of deconstructing is 100% of materials being reused/recycle. Given this goal, the industry needs to innovate a way to address components of a house that are sent to the landfill. I want to know

Residential Rubbish: We'll make your residential disposals easy and safe. With our team anything besides hazardous waste goes; clothing, food packaging, cans, bottles, yard trimmings, paper, you name it.

Visit any landfill in the United States, and you are sure to find items whose useful lives have not yet been exhausted, and materials that could be turned into other products. Wasted resources in our landfills take up space that is becoming increasingly limited, and also have a negative impact on the overall health of the planet. In 2013, a King County Waste Characterization study showed that 72 percent of what is thrown out can be recycled. Of that 72 percent, the largest

Gift wrapping materials, such as gift wrap, are often non-recyclable (Earth911qtd. in Gift). This is because wrapping paper is often dyed and laminated, and can contain additives, such as gold and silver coloring, glitter and plastics, and usually has nonrecyclable tape on it (Earth911 qtd. in Gift). Including too much non-recyclable material in the recycling bin can keep an entire load of material from being recycled, so it is important to only place accepted items in the recycling bin (Malone). Trying to recycle non-recyclable items can cause more harm to the environment than simply sending the non-recyclable items to the landfill to begin with. If looking to buy recyclable wrapping paper, it is better to stick with the simple stuff, like basic craft paper without a shiny coating (Miller). But really, it’s better to reuse giftwrap or to avoid it entirely (Malone). This is because making wrapping paper recyclable is not the most effective solution.

Recycling is an essential part of reducing the amount of waste filling up landfills. Recycling materials cannot only reduce waste but pollution as well. Unfortunately the typical recycling programs such as curbside pick-up and recycling centers require significant commitment from the public to be successful which generally leads to low participation. However there may be a solution to the problem. The pollution prevention and reduction program suggests the use of materials recovery facilities. Materials recovery facilities sort out recyclable materials from other waste products such as compostable items. By sorting out the waste at one central location more items get recycled and waste is reduced without public participation. A recent article by Wang (2010) suggests, “The installation of materials recovery facilities (MRFs) can be an alternative solution to the problem of low participation of voluntary household and curbside recycling in fast-growing cities.” Materials recovery facilities can be a viable solution for waste management problems where public participation is an obstacle. This solution also provides less societal impact because lifestyle change is not as critical.