Discounted Cash Flow Techniques

Before moving forward to compute the present value of these cash flows, a terminal value is required to forecast the long term value of the company after 5 years. . Following formula is used to calculate the terminal value.

The Marriott Corporation (MC), had seen a long, successful reign in the hospitality industry until the late 1980s. An economic downturn and the 1990 real estate crash resulted in MC owning newly developed hotel properties with no potential buyers in sight and a mound of debt. During the late 1980s, MC had promised in their annual reports to sell off some of their hotel properties and reduce their burden of debt. However, the company made little progress toward fulfilling that promise. During 1992, MC realized that financial results were only slightly up from the previous year and their ability to raise funds in the capital market was severely limited. MC was left with little choice, as they had to

The NPV compares the inflow of cash against the flow of cash to make the investment. With the cash flows occurring over a period of time, NPV also takes into account the cost of capital. The cost of capital or discount rate allows the company to weigh the present value of capital today with the investment capital’s present value. Futronics Inc. investment would have an NPV of $138,642.39. The NPV of this investment would add value to Futronics Inc.’ worth.

The amount of money that I had spent over one week ended up totaling $100.77. To come up with the amount of money that would be spent in a year if I spent $100.77 for 52 weeks, the total would be $5,240.04. Then to determine the amount of money that would be spent over 25 years, it would be $5,240.04 multiplied by 25 years, and that would be $131,001. That is $131,001 that I spent on completely unnecessary expenses. To determine what $131,001 would equal in todays money it requires to be plugged into an equation, PV=FV/(1+i)^n . “FV” stands for the future value, that is the value that we calculated by multiplying by 25 years, $131,001. The “i” stands for the interest

13. What is the formula for the Present Value (PV) for a finite stream of cash flows (1 per year) that lasts for 10 years?

Step Three: Draw out a timeline, and then take the present value of all cash flows

APV (Adjusted Present Value) – This method involves determining the value of a levered investment using the following steps:

• Column (1) represents maturity in parts of the year. The scale interval is set as 0.25, since maximum possible payment frequency (for this calculator) is 4 times per annum.

The company lost money almost every year since its leveraged buyout by Coniston Partners in 1989. The income generated was not sufficient to service the interest expenses of the company which stood at $2.62B in 1996. From Exhibit 1, we can say that interest coverage ratio computed as EBIT / Interest Expense was 1.31 in 1989 and has been decreasing over years and currently stands at 0.59. This raises a question of how the company can meet its interest payments without raising cash or selling assets.

In January 1980, the management of the Marriott Corporation found itself in an interesting dilemma: not only did the corporation have considerable excess debt capacity, but projections of future operations and cash flows indicated that this capacity was on the rise. For Marriott, excess debt capacity was viewed as comparable to unused plant capacity because the existing equity base could support additional productive assets. Management was therefore faced with two problems. First, it needed to determine the amount of funds that would be available if Marriott's full debt capacity were utilized. Second, management needed to decide whether to invest excess funds in new or existing businesses, or to return them to the companies shareholders

Finally, the Expected Rate of Return is calculated by multiplying the NPV for each scenario by

Using Microsoft Excel to calculate the present value of a potential investment is a simple task once you learn the syntax of the required formula. Follow these easy steps and you can calculate present value using Microsoft Excel easily and quickly.

The Marriott Corporation, an American firm, was founded in 1927 by J.Willard Marriot.The company began as a small beer stand and soon began to sell food and provided lodging that expanded rapidly. With the help of his wife Alice, the family owned business had 45 restaurants in nine states by 1940 and grew into one of the leading service companies. The Company has three major lines of business: lodging, contract service and restaurants.

The following table demonstrates the PV of costs, the PV of benefits and the NPV respectively, over 5-year period for the investment:

Value = the discounted sum of cash outflows & inflows. The CF capture the economic costs and benefits. Discounting adjusts for cash flow timing and risk.