Discuss The Sheppard-Towner Act

This means recognizing each woman’s social, emotional, physical, spiritual and cultural needs. It also acknowledge that a woman and her newborn baby does not exist independently of the woman’s social and emotional environment. This includes incorporating an understanding in assessment and provision of health care (Yanti et al., 2015). The fundamental principles of women-centred care ensures a focus on pregnancy and childbirth as the start of family life, not just as isolated clinical episodes. These motherhood phases take into complete account the meaning and the values of each woman. Providing women centred care helps women make an informed choices, being involved in and having control over their own care, this also includes their relationship with their midwives (Johnson et al., 2003). This demonstrates that midwives are able to attend for women during pregnancy, childbirth and in early parenting years. In addition to this, midwives also provide education for women in order to have a healthy lifestyle (Woods et al.,

This can be defined as heath care that is received while pregnant, and can be seen through a few of the many ways to obtain care: going for regular monthly checkups, taking prenatal vitamins, eating properly and healthily to obtain the nutrients needed (U.S Women’s Health Department, 2012). A healthy pregnancy increases the chances for a healthy newborn, and according to the U.S Women’s Health Department (2012), “babies of mothers who do not get prenatal care are three times more likely to have a low birth weight and five times more likely to die than those born to mothers who do get care”. When taking care of the body and focusing on prenatal care, doctors are able to catch health problems in the baby earlier and health problems in the mother that can later affect the baby, and through proper prenatal care, it allows these issues to be treated early (U.S Women’s Health Department, 2012). In previous years and centuries, because prenatal care was not widely recognized, and future mothers did not recognize the importance of proper care of the fetus, the number of newborns born with birth defects or irregular vital signs was significantly higher than in today’s

The Mckinney act of 1987 now known as the Mckinney-Vento Homeless Act is a United state-federal legislate law that provide that fund the homeless shelter program. It is the only main federal government geared toward homeless. The Act started in 1986 as the Homeless Persons’ Survival Act. It started as pressure on the federal government to address homelessness as a national problem requiring nation response.The act was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on July 22 1987. The McKinney-Vento Act originally consisted of fifteen programs providing a range of services to homeless people, including emergency shelter, transitional housing, job training, primary health care, education, and some

The environment inside the mother’s womb can indeed have a dramatic influence on the development of a child but environment influences such as where the child is raised can have a huge affect on a child development as well. Children of a low income tend to live in more polluted areas, where the air and the water are polluted, pollution can cause brain development in children as well lung diseases that can be development in childhood or can affect them later in life. One the factors that can have a huge impact on a child’s life is housing. Those on a low income are more likely to be living in poor housing conditions experiencing stress from overcrowding including noise, lack of privacy, having to wait to use facilities such as the toilets, poor heating and ventilation in winter, poor washing and cooking facilities, the house can have many hazards for a child due to architectural features, dampness, as well the neighbourhood cannot be safe or have poor facilities such as shops and parking. Poor housing is associated with poor health this is due of poor facilities and opportunities, children that grow up within poor housing are more

have the right to something, while negative rights means having the right to not be harmed

From the moment the British Townshend Acts passed till March 05, 1770 tension rose among the colonist and the British Parliament. On Monday, March 05, 1770 a street fight among colonists and Boston Garrison Soldiers left five colonists dead and six others injured. Many events led to the street fight which is also called a “massacre”.

Children's HealthCare was one thing that could’ve helped Americans resolve and prevent a lot of sickness during this time. This is something the government have been wanting to do but many actions wasn’t taken until the early 1900’s. During the Progressive Era Infants and pregnant women were the most concern to medical workers due to the uncleanliness and shortage of medical services. Some would argue the Children’s HealthCare was going to cause America to go farther in debt and lose money. However, evidence shows it would help prevent the majority of germs spreading around and speed up the healing process of infections and diseases. People have been fighting for children's medicare since early 1900’s. In 1909 the federal government largely expanded its attention and role in promoting the welfare of America’s children and

Positive rights or claim rights on the other hand, requires an action by another person for the rights of the holder to be performed, it allows or obliges action. For a positive right to be claimed, it involves people providing what is required by the rights holder. An example of a positive right is the right to education.

The Robinson-Patman Act is an amendment to section 2 of the 1914 Clayton Antitrust Act that aims to eliminate price discrimination. In short, “Congress enacted the RPA in 1936 to protect small businesses from larger businesses using their size advantages to extract more favorable prices and terms from small businesses.”(1) It is designed to level the playing field between small businesses and large corporations. The RPA is a multifaceted act with numerous stipulations because often, the cases presented are not black and white in accordance with the law.

The youngest generation today is the fastest growing population of homeless in America with modest estimates reporting 1.35 million children every year without a safe and permanent home. (Shepard. J, 2000) To this day, this social problem has undergone viral. The number of homeless people, including children and seniors has increased drastically. This article starts with a clear definition of homelessness and it leads to get a better understanding as a whole. Few of the problems causing homelessness are lack of education, shelter and public assistance. Everything as far as cost has gone higher making the costs impossible for homeless people to support themselves especially children. To address and control homelessness, the McKinney-Vento

Comparatively, the issue of unilateral trade with Cuba has sparked major attention over the past two decades. From Cuban cigars to sugar, few of the many exports from Cuba the United States does not allow into the country. So does the United States import to Cuba? Surprisingly, yes and in fact the United States has been, in the last decade, the number one country that imports goods to Cuba. The Helms-Burton Act was enacted in the year 1996, which extended territorial application of the Embargo to apply to foreign companies trading with Cuba; the act also penalized foreign companies who were reportedly trafficking in the property of the United States citizens, but confiscated in Cuba (Helms-Burton Act: Resurrecting the Iron Curtain). So yes,

A mother’s socioeconomic status impacts all aspects of not only her life, but that of her child. Where she is situated on the social ladder will influence where she lives, her access to employment opportunities, and to support networks within a community, the availability of reliable private or public transport can greatly limit access as well. It may have also influenced the quality of education she herself received, and the education her child will go on to receive. Poor education, will impact the type of employment she is able to get, which may lead

Infant and Maternal mortality rates have declined in the past 60 years because people are waiting till adulthood to have babies. Teen pregnancy used to be common and during that time, their bodies aren’t developed well enough to have a baby. As well as the medical field have made huge advancements in technology and protocols. Prenatal testing can be used to make sure the baby is healthy. Amniocentesis tests are used to check your baby for potential defects or disorders. CVS tests remove chorionic villi cells from the placenta to check for chromosomal abnormalities. Doctors and nurses wash their hands more and more effectively now, stopping the spread of bacteria. Medication helps the mother with pain, stress, blood pressure, and helps the baby

In our society Infant mortality is a huge issue stopping us from moving forward collectively. Social Reproduction is a theory proposed by Karl Marx claiming that inequalities are social reproduced from generation to generation. This supports the idea that those born into a lower class have a higher chance of become ill. Infant mortality is a huge issue in countries like America because instead of suffering from hunger and starvation. They suffer from idea that families can afford healthy groceries instead they are made to buy cheap fast food to get by each day. This affects the children’s health the most because they are in need for the right healthy foods to help them from getting disease like type 2 diabetes and obesity. In other countries around the world, Infant mortality is caused by malnutrition and starvation because the families can’t feed the mother to breastfeed the infants who are vulnerable. Childhood malnutrition is the biggest contributor to all death among children younger than 3 it accounts for almost 35 percent (Huber, 2012). According to World Health Organization, the most important solution to stop this would be the access for immediate and exclusive breastfeeding. We need to implement different policies to help make baby formula and medicine cheaper for children in need. We also can lower infant mortality by educating mothers and local health workers to help eradicate simple things such as malnutrition and disease.

Most political rights are negative rights. The right to not be tortured, the privilege to freedom of speech, the privilege to not be oppressed, the privilege to live (or, all the more decisively, the privilege to not be murdered). Then again, there are a few rights, particularly Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, that require some type of activity from others. The privilege to free education requires the state to provide or invest in training. Same with the privilege to healthcare services.