Discuss the Relationship Between the Principles of Training, Physiological Adaptations and Improved Performance

There are eight physiological adaptations that a touch football player would experience in response to training; these include a change in stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, oxygen uptake, lung capacity, hemoglobin levels, muscle hypertrophy and the effect on slow- and fast-twitch muscle fibers.

The MAS (Maximal Aerobic Speed) score which is derived from the completion of the multistage fitness test prior to the commencement of the program is used as the basis. Two weeks of the program are dedicated to the development of aerobic fitness since players who have a high level of aerobic fitness is capable of sustaining high level of performance for extended periods, and they are able to recover faster from intense activities such as short distance sprints than those who does not have high level of aerobic fitness (Gabbett, Kelly, & Pezet, 2007). Continuous training, including running, cycling and rowing performed at low to medium intensity are good exercise to develop the aerobic fitness. One to two times of continuous training a week would be sufficient enough to increase fitness for most players (Gabbett, Kelly, & Pezet,

Before exercise it is crucially important that you take the time to stretch your muscles and to warm up. As a general rule, dynamic stretches before a WOD are useful, and longer extended sessions of static stretches should be kept for the end of your training. These are a great way to improve your flexibility and cool down after an intensive workout.

The warm up should increase the heart rate in order to pump more blood around the body, to the muscles that are currently working. This will allow more oxygen to the muscles and the body and muscle temperature will increase. The improved temperature of the muscles makes them more flexible and supple, this helps prevent injury in certain joints.

The increase in oxidative capacity is achieved by an increase in the number of mitochondria (An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.) within the muscle cells, an increase in the supply of ATP and an increase in the quantity of enzymes involved in respiration. Another long term change that occurs due to training is that the heart gets larger; the result in the change is due to increased stress on the heart. The extra work of pumping blood against the increased pressure causes the heart wall to thicken over time, the same way a body muscle increases in mass in response to weightlifting. A long term change in the cardiovascular system as a result of training is that the resting heart rate gets lower, the cardiovascular response happens because a person that has been training for a long time has a lower heart rate because through exercise, they have a stronger heart; meaning that an athlete 's heart can pump more blood and more oxygen out with one pump than a non-athlete 's heart could. Another long term response in the cardiovascular system is that the blood supply increases, this change is due to your body needing more oxygen because you are exercising, your muscles and all your body organs are needing more energy and oxygen, this is because your body is working more than usual. Your body needs to do many things such as sweat, which helps you cool down, and to

Warming up is crucial to increase the blood flow to the muscles and loosen the joints but it is mainly done to prevent injuries. A warm up is done before beginning to the dance, it consists of commencing with a few exercises along with stretches, then start to make different movements combination of cardiovascular exercises, isolations, stretching and strength drills progressively causing perspiration without becoming out of breath. Cardiovascular exercises increase heart rate, the body increases temperature and stretching warms the muscles making the muscles more flexible, the muscle temperature rises to 30 degrees Celsius when the dancer is resting which improves the muscle flexibility

So in this presentation, we discussed four components with two pairs of comparisons: Speed & Cardiovascular endurance, Power & Muscular strength. Speed is the ability to travel promptly; it is found in soccer and cross country. Cardiovascular endurance is how oxygen travels in your body. Both components results in your distance limit and speed. Power is the maximum force exerted quickly, and is utilized in boxing and tennis. Muscular strength is the resistance of the muscles against force. Finally, the strength determines the power of the

The FITT principle of the frequency of training sessions would ultimately differ between both an unfit individual fitness program and an Olympic marathon runner’s need. Frequency in correlation to the FITT principle relates to the amount of times an athlete has trained during the week. With this, an unfit person would require different amounts of training sessions

This article is about the typical time when sports scientists have been struggling with the employing the training load. It is generally recognized that well organized training program is important for best performance in athletes. Now days, it has been very hard to measure the training loads in athlete teams due to the difficulty in determining the numerous types of pressure faced during training and competition.

Not only is muscle fatigue and muscle recovery affected there are many other physiological factors that are affected as well. These physiological factors play a major role in athletic training and must be maintained if athletic performance is expected to stay at a high level. A few of these factors are VO2 max, maximal heart rate, stroke volume, economy of movement, and aerobic enzyme activity. (Reaburn) Many of these elements play a smaller role in accounting for and culminating to another one. An example of this would be how stroke volume, muscle mass, and aerobic enzyme activity play a major role in the process of VO2 max. When you observe a decrease in all of these things you will see that there will be a major decrease in the athlete’s

Training is a very important factor when it comes to athletes improving their overall performance. If an athlete trains very lightly, then there will be no results showing improvement. If an athlete trains hard, they are left with underperformance, but if proper recovery is allowed, there will be improving results. Every athlete trains with intensity in hopes of improving their day to day performance. But training intense will not always bring beneficial factors. Training too often without adequate rest can bring serious effects to the human body. “The overtraining syndrome is a condition of fatigue and underperformance, often associated with frequent infections and depression which occurs following hard training and competition” (Budgett 1).

Athletes are mostly known for the records they’ve broken, the points they score, and how many championships they’ve won. Today in sports you see record fall every year as athletes have new training techniques and improved technology In the past athletes were asked to play the sport and focus on the game. They did not have to really worry on what was going on outside their sport. Recently we have seen athletes roles grow in society. One example is Lebron James asking more athletes to use their stardom to help stop the violence and start helping to repair the damages to communities. Athletes personal lives are also more criticized and under the microscope of their fans. A criminal background or offense can mean ruin for their career.

Resistance training involves the use of static and dynamic muscle movements with the tension of an external load. Resistance training (RT) is widely used to elicit muscle hypertrophy and increases in muscle strength with the objectives of enhancing performance such increased muscle force, increased muscle mass and power (McGuigan, Wright, & Fleck, 2012). Athletes use resistance training in many aspects to aid their performance in particular sports, such as making them a faster, stronger and more powerful athlete. Resistance training leads to neural and hypertrophic adaptations responsible for improved strength, neural adaptations occur such as increased motor unit recruitment and increased motor unit firing frequency. These neural adaptations

Recovery - As a team expectation, players will have to take an ice bath after each training and then stretch and roll out their muscles with a foam roller to maximise their muscle recovery by our next session.

Clinical sports medicine has been greatly impacted by exercise physiology for a number of reasons, but most importantly has made improvements in enhancing athletic performance through methods that facilitate prevention and allow proper treatment for sports-related injury, along with testing that can give insight to further the success of athletes. Clinical physiologists focus on exercise design and determine how