Salivary Amylase Lab Report

4. There are other types of reagents used to determine what type of biomolecule a substance is. For example, copper ions present in Benedict’s reagent reacts with the free end of any reducing sugars, such as glucose, when heated. Originally blue in color, these copper ions are reduced by the sugar, and produce an orange-red colored precipitate. Alternatively, iodine-potassium iodide (IKI) may also be used when working with starch. IKI contains special tri-iodine ions which interact with the coiled structure of a starch

To properly investigate the optimal temperatures for both bacterial and fungal amylase, it is simplest to do a visual comparison using a visual aide such as iodine. Iodine has chemical properties that, when introduced to starch, turn a dark bluish purple. In short, the iodine test uses this reaction to determine the presence of starch in the reaction. The lighter the color of the solution, the more the starch was broken down by the amylase, and, correspondingly, the darker the color, the higher the concentration of starch still present. This experiment is designed to test an organism’s ability to break down starch under different conditions and to find the optimal temperature for starch hydrolysis to occur and it breakdown to maltose, The test was conducted in 5 different temperatures and in two minute intervals. According to where these amylases are found, the bacterial

If the Benedict solution turns from blue to reddish-brown then the darker the color the more monosaccharides there are in the solution. If the solution produces a blue/black color when the iodine is added then it is a starch BUT if it turns yellowish-brown then the is no starch present.If peptide bonds are present then the solution will become violet when CuSO4 is added. If the solution leaves a greasy spot on a brown paper bag then it is a

b) Benedict test the solution color will change from blue to pink/orange red, indicating simple sugars are present. Lugols test the solution color will change from yellowish brown to dark purple, indicating starch and polysaccharides are present. Sudan iV test the lipid content will turn into red, indicating lipids are

2.List whether each of the following substances was positive or negative for reducing sugar, as indicated by the Benedict's test. (6 points)

In this lab experiment the action of the enzyme Amylase was observed on starch (the substrate). Amylase changed the starch into a simpler form, the sugar maltose, which is soluble in water. Maltose then breaks down the glucose chains of starch in the pancreas and intestines. Amylase is present in human saliva, and begins to act on the starch in the food while still in the mouth. Exposure to heat or extreme PH (acid or base) will denature proteins. Enzymes, including amylase, are proteins; if denatured enzymes can no longer act as a catalyst for the reaction. In the presence of potassium iodide, starch turns a dark purple color; however maltose does not react with I2KI. The rate of fading of starch allows a quantitative measurement of reaction rate.

enzymes that will be used during this lab to test the ability of amylase to break down starch ,a

The IKI test shows no starch. The Benedicts Assay shows a high amount of glucose and maltose. This is the same thing for test tube 2, which was same experiment, but not frozen as 1 was. I don’t think there was an effect. The amylase was still able to digest starch.

Amylase is an enzyme found in the human body. It is made in only two places, the pancreas and in the salivary glands. Amylase is an important enzyme because it breaks down starch. The enzyme works by binding with the starch substrate and breaking it down to its base component of glucose. There is a difference in the way that salivary and pancreatic amylase work. The salivary amylase breaks down the simple carbohydrates in the form of starch, starting the digestion process. Pancreatic amylase works to process the more complex carbohydrates that are in the stomach and intestines. The efficiency of the enzyme depends on environmental factors including temperature, pH level, inhibitors, activators, number of enzymes available, and number of substrates

The enzyme that we are going to use is called amylase. We are going to test this enzyme with starch. By mixing amylase and starch solutions together under different temperature conditions, we can record the rate of reaction by taking a sample out and test it with iodine solution to see if there is any remaining starch present.

Introduction. The experiment was performed to see how concentrated catalysts affect the rate of enzyme activity. Amylase acted as the catalyst during the experiment. The catalyst speed up the breakdown of the starch present on the three select foods.

Benedict’s reagent is a bright blue solution that changes to green to orange to reddish-brown with increasing amounts of maltose. It is important to understand that enzyme assays only indicate the presence or absence of substances. It is up to you to analyze the results of the experiments to decide if enzymatic hydrolysis has occurred. Choose Chemical and Physical Processes of Digestion from the main menu. The opening screen will appear in a few seconds (Figure 8.1). The solutions shelf in the upper right part of the screen contains the substances to be used in the experiment. The incubation unit beneath the solutions shelf contains a rack of test tube holders and the apparatus needed to run the experiments. Test tubes from the test tube washer on the left part of the screen are loaded into the rack in the incubation unit by clicking and holding the mouse button on the first tube, and then releasing (dragging-and-dropping) it into any position in the rack. The substances in the dropper bottles on the solutions shelf are dispensed by dragging-and-dropping the

Enzymes are able to increase the rate at which a reaction occurs by lowering the cells activation energy, some even converting at millions of times faster than the natural chemical reaction (Radzicka & Wolfenden, 1995, p. 5200). In order for an enzyme to function properly, its environment needs to be similar to that inside the human body, 98.6F and moist (Feng & Ji, 2011, p. 891). If an enzyme is in an environment warmer than the human body, it becomes denatured, meaning it can no longer break down lipids. Amylase is a group of digestive enzymes

Added 300 ml of water to 400-500 ml beaker than added several drops of I2KI (iodine potassium iodide). until the water was visibly yellow. I2KI Than placed bag into the beaker for 30 minutes. Finally, the last procedure of this lab was the benedicts test this is commonly used to detect presence of reducing sugar. First they had to label 3 test tubes control bag and beaker, they added 2 pipettes of water for the control tube, 2 pipettes of the bag solution, and two pipettes of the beaker solution and added 1 drop of benedicts reagent to each tube.

Iodine was used to test for the presence of starch, remaining yellow for its negative control and becoming a blue-black colour if a reaction occurred;