Canadian Magazine Dispute Essay

Furthermore, Canada remaining under the archaic British North America Act and not drafting its own constitution meant that the composition of the nation and the government was in the hands of the British Parliament, which denies the Canadians the luxury of dictating the structure and make-up of their own country. Now, one may say that Canada weakened its economic ties with Britain and was therefore no longer economically dependent on them, but the fact of the matter is that all we did was shift our dependence onto another nation, the United States. By 1926, America’s yearly investment in the Canadian economy had risen up to $3400 million (as opposed to $2000 million in 1920) mainly in the exporting of Canadian resources to the United States. In addition to that, American companies built “branch plants”, which were made to avoid having to pay trade tariffs, making this a pretty one-sided trade

Most of the countries around the globe add TAX over the imported goods to make sure imported goods charge more than nation's own product. This will ensure use of domestic product over foreign merchandises. I think government of Canada has to protect its news agencies from foreign invade. I believe Canadian magazine industry's entrepreneurs might have pressurized their government to impose tax and surely government shouldn't completely give up publication rights to foreign nations. Government has to maintain and support its publication

Canada is a democratic country. Canadians elect the parliament and the Prime Minister. But because Canada is a market economy, jobs, prices and the economic situation depends on big businesses. The fact that American companies own such a huge part of Canadian industry that it puts them in control of business in Canada. In other words a straight economical dependence, where Canadian people are no longer in control of things in their own country. A good example is a situation when American corporation buys a Canadian company. They take Canadian workers only for low paid positions. Most of the managers, accountants, sales executives who really control big business operations in Canada are Americans. Most of the times the specialists who work in American owned companies in Canada are also brought from America on contracts. In this case Canada is too depended to act the way it wants without support from the U.S.

In this paper, I will discuss Brian Gabrial’s article, “The Second Revolution”: Expressions of Canadian Identity in News Coverage at the Outbreak of the United States Civil War. Gabrial’s article is about how the Canadian identity was challenged by the American Civil War. In particular, he argues that Canadian identity is significant in five important themes: the importance of British identity, antipathy toward Americanism and suspicion of American democracy, a well-grounded fear of American militarism, a patronizing sympathy for Americans in crisis and liberal and conservative political threads. After summarizing Gabrial’s main arguments, I shall be claiming that the article has valuable points for many different reasons.

The U.S.’ negative dominance has been so damaging to Canadian culture that the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, also known as the CRTC has had to step in and implement laws under the 1991 Broadcasting Act of Canada (Branch, Legislative Services). The CRTC says, “One of our goals is to ensure that Canadian broadcasting content meets the needs and interests of Canadians by delivering compelling, high-quality Canadian-made creative content from diverse sources on a variety of platforms (“Content Made by Canadians,” 2016). The role of the CRTC is to ensure that the United States, being the mega country that it is does not overshadow Canadian talent and does not limit the opportunities that Canadians may have when

Pierre Trudeau once said, “Living next to you (the United States) is in some ways like sleeping with an elephant. No matter how friendly and even-tempered is the beast, if I can call it that, one is affected by every twitch and grunt.” This saying gives a deep understanding of what Canada’s relationship with the States was like. The U.S. is a country that has flourished throughout history and Canada was right behind. The U.S has almost 10 times more the population than Canada. So, Canada has depended on the U.S for simple things such as getting tourists from them to visit Canada. It is evident that Canada’s dependence on the U.S, was higher than America’s dependence on Canada.

If Canada wants to protect their national identity, they must all embrace each other’s cultures, instead of creating multiple broadcasts that preach one view or culture. Without state governed media, the dominance of US products in Canada would diminish its identity as a nation, fail to serve the public interest and create less profits causing more advertising and less content in the media. Government regulated media proves to be more favourable and beneficial than policies based off of self-regulated solutions when addressing Canada’s media industries and cultural

A survey published in 1982 by the Foreign Affairs Committee, stated that “relations between the U.S. and Canada have become more strained that at any time in recent memory”. Over the course of Pierre Trudeau’s last term in office, the temperature of Canada’s most important foreign relationship had plunged from chilly to icy. This deep freeze inflicted real costs on Canadians. By 1984, the terms of trade were turning against Canadian raw-materials exports, and Canadian manufacturers faced an intensifying threat of protectionism in Congress. With Centre-right governments in power in Washington, London and Bonn, Canada found itself isolated, its interest disregarded, its opinions openly scoffed at. The U.S. saw the Trudeau “peace initiative” as the “pot-induced behavior of an erratic leftist”. Brian Mulroney set himself to restore Canada’s reputation as a respected and reliable partner. He succeeded---and then

THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE US-CANADIAN MAGAZINE DISPUTE WAS MOTIVATED BY GENUINE DESIRE TO PROTECT CANADIAN CULTURE?

Canada and the United States along with being a huge part of Western society share similar values and beliefs. However, when it comes down to governmental policies as well as their foreign policies, that is the point where the two countries start to show their differences. Canada’s relationship with the Americans has been relatively peaceful, however, Canadians always had an interest in independence, which was demonstrated by their separation from the British Crown and the Battle of Quebec. During the battle they defeated an invading US military that essentially wanted Canadians to join their Congress. This instance along with many others are one of the factors that manifested the idea of Anti-Americanism, which would soon evolve from simply

ideology (Aulakh, Boyington, Kazarian, & Roberts, 2017, p. 4). In doing, so Canada has become

The media often helps to shape and solidify our national identity, but it also helps to challenge our view. In this paper, I will be summarizing a media narrative on the Canadian national identity and conveying the message received from this article, about Canada as a nation-state, in terms of topics discussed in this course.

1. As the Canadian governmental committee put it, "magazines constitute the only national press .. in Canada, …..( it) can help foster in Canadians a sense of themselves." A legacy that is threatened by more than 100 US Magazines established in Canada. If the majority of magazines are printed in America, there will be no need for printing magazines in Canada. In an effort to preserve this identifying mark of Canadian identity, culminated into the Canadian magazine dispute. When thoroughly analyzed, America, the biggest foreign magazine contributor in Canada is to blame for the dispute. In an effort to monitor and control imports of foreign publications. Canada was only trying to protect what rightfully belongs to them.

The National Policy is arguably one of the most successful economic and political strategy created by Sir John A. Macdonald’s Conservative Party. This strategy galvanized the levying of higher tariffs on goods entering from foreign markets which protected central Canadian manufacturers from the intense American market. This policy also restored the confidence of Canadians in the development of local industries. The extra funds generated by this protectionist policy, therefore, aided the dream of constructing a transcontinental railway across Canada and helped Canadians to regain confidence in the economy after the devastating Depression in the 1870s and failed reciprocity agreements with the United States. While the National Policy did not directly benefit the all of the provinces, it helped Canada expand westward, created more local industries and ultimately fostered the growth of a stronger economy.

The U.S.-Canadian magazine dispute had been going on long before the American government sought intervention of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In 1920s, high tariffs were forced on foreign magazines by the Canadian government, with the aim of protecting domestic periodicals against competition from alien publishers (particularly from US). Importation of split-run editions of foreign magazines were further prohibited in 1965, so long as they were printed outside Canada. However, Time Warner (a US magazine company) began printing their split-run editions of their Sports Illustrated magazine in Canada, using satellite technology, and avoided additional taxes by claiming the edition as a Canadian periodical. In 1995, the Canadian government, in an attempt to stop US split-runs editions, added a new tax on what they categorize as split-run publications. This eventually resulted in a dispute between US and Canada that almost ended up into a trade war. Fortunately, mediatory efforts from the WTO ended up in a settlement between the two nations and removal of trade barriers for split-run magazines. (Levin Institute, n.d.).