Disease Surveillance And Health Statistics

Hepatitis B is a disease that basically attacks the liver. Hepatitis B is a transmitted disease, meaning you can't get hepatitis B unless a persons bodily fluids has been transmitted from one person to another who isn't affected. You can get hepatitis B by also doing common things that doesn't seem like not a big deal, but leads to a big effect later on. For example, you can get hepatitis B by using another person's razor because if you cut yourself with it and they cut themselves with it as well it could lead to infection and easily into your body. Also by sharing dirty needles and being tattooed and that's's why it is very important to make sure everything is completely sanitized no matter what it is. Depending how badly it is you could cause

Hepatitis B is a major health concern that has plagued the world since the dawn of time. While the disease is the most prevalent in third-world countries, it is still prominent in America today despite modern technology and an effective vaccine being available since 1982.1 In order to control the spread of Hepatitis B, or HBV, it’s important for one to understand a few things: the physiology of Hepatitis B, how the disease is spread, and what can be done to prevent HBV from claiming more lives.

This can also increase the risk of liver cancer. Approximately 90-95% of adults will recover within six months and not contact HBV again.(2) However, blood tests will always show that the person was infected with HBV and blood banks will not accept their blood. About 5-10% of adults and 25-90% of children under the age of 5 that are infected with HBV are not able to get rid of the virus after 6 months. These people are considered to be chronically infected, commonly called Hepatitis B carriers. The carrier rate of Hepatitis B varies throughout the world, being uncommon amongst westerners, but reaching as high as 20% in people from Asia and Africa. With the immigration of foreigners into new countries, Hepatitis B is now becoming established in parts of countries where it previously was not.

I contracted the disease by sexual transmission as my ex-husband had the disease. The likelihood of contracting the disease in this fashion is very rare but it does happen.

So what is Hepatitis B and what causes it? This is a liver disease that is normally spread through person to person via contact with the following: blood, semen, body fluids from a person with the virus. Most commonly, this disease unfortunately is spread from the mother to her

Treatment is varied. There are several drugs used to treat hepatitis in the United States. Intron A, Epivir-HBV, Pegasys, Baraclude, Hepsera, Viread, and Tyzeka are the only FDA approved drugs that have been shown to slow the virus and decrease liver damage and in some cases the virus is killed completely ("Hepatitis Treatments," n.d.). Ultimately vaccination is the best way to prevent HBV. The vaccine has been found to be effective and safe. Administration is given over a 6 month time and consists of 3-4 shots ("Hepatitis B," n.d.) and is estimated to be 95% effective. Everyone should be vaccinated but the

The severity of complication range from mild discomforts to death. According to the CDC, 2014 “approximately 15%–25% of people with chronic Hepatitis B develop serious liver problems, including liver damage, cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer”. It is estimated that nearly one million people in the United States (US) have chronic HBV and approximately 3,000 people die yearly from HBV liver related problems. Since the introduction of the immunization in 1990 there has been more than a 80% reduction in the number of HBV cases here in the US. Globally, approximately 350 million people are estimated to have chronic HBV and there are an estimated 620,000 contributory

One such deadly disease is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a life threatening liver infection that is caused due to Hepatitis B virus. This virus leads to chronic infection and results in to high risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B has two types, which have different effect on adults. Acute Hepatitis B occurs for short time. People usually affected by acute virus, get well with the time. On the other hand, there is Chronic Hepatitis B, which causes long time infection and damages liver. This virus spreads through the blood and body fluids of an infected person.

Hepatitis B is transmitted when blood, semen, or another body fluid from a person infected with the Hepatitis B virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. This can happen through sexual contact; sharing needles, syringes, or other drug-injection equipment, or even from mother to baby at birth. For some people, hepatitis B is an acute, or short-term, illness but for others, it can become a long-term, chronic infection. In addition, some people, especially adults, are able to clear, or get rid of the virus without treatment. People who clear the virus become immune and cannot get infected with the Hepatitis B virus

Individuals with inactive hepatitis B surface antigen are referred to as chronic carriers. These individuals may not show clinical signs of the disease. They do not exhibit raised levels of AST and ALT, but they tend to have low viral loads (Zein & Edwards, 2009). Individuals with HBeAg positive or negative tend to exhibit higher viral loads and they are both contagious (Zein & Edwards, 2009). Individuals who are HBeAg negative do not have the antigen themselves, but are still able to spread the disease to others. Individuals who have resolved chronic hepatitis B are less likely to develop liver cancer or cirrhosis and their AST, ALT, and

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver. There are currently five known viruses that cause can hepatitis (Microbiology, 10e). The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is transmitted through contact with the blood of an infected person; however, it is now more commonly spread among IV drug users that share needles. Healthcare workers are also at risk for contracting HCV, but with standard precautions, the risk is low. “Prior to 1992, some people acquired the HCV infection from transfusions of blood or blood products. Since 1992, all blood products have been screened for HCV, and cases of HCV due to blood transfusion now are extremely rare. HCV can be passed from mother to unborn child. Approximately 4 out of every 100 infants born to HCV-positive mothers

The major risk of Chronic Hepatitis B is that the person can develop serious liver damage, liver failure, cancer and death. It was found that “Approximately 2,000–4,000 people die every year from Hepatitis B-related liver disease,” (Centers for Disease, 2015, para. 27). The people that are most at risk are: sexual contact with someone who is infected, many sex partners, someone with sexually transmitted disease, men who have sex with other men, drug users who share needles, living with a person with

Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health problem worldwide that accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. About one third of the world s population have serological evidence of past or present hepatitis B virus infection, and more than 350 million people may be affected by chronic HBV infection (World Health Organization, 2012). The clinical evolution of HBV is variable, ranging from mild liver disease to fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma (Kennedy and Alexopoulos, 2010).

Hepatitis is caused by a virus that is targeted at the liver, one of your most important organs!! Specifically, it causes inflammation and injury to the liver. Hepatitis comes in many different forms, five to be exact. There is Hepatitis A, B, C, D & E. Hepatitis is caused mainly by viruses, all of which are set on shutting down your liver. I will be specifically concentrating on Hepatitis A in this report. Hepatitis A is also known as infectious Hepatitis, an extremely contagious viral infection that often effects young children and young adults, especially those in large groups. It has been known to break out in schools, summer camps and music festivals etc.

The symptoms start appearing after two to five weeks of infection. The main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low fever, rashes, loss of appetite and yellowing of skin (jaundice), abdominal pain. Diarrhea occurs in case of children. No specific treatment is there. Patients need adequate rest and proper nutrition. If skin becomes yellow then the patient needs a blood test or a liver panel test. If a person vomits for a long period amount of time, they get dehydrated; then, only then, hospitalization is needed. Patients should drink a plenty amount of water, or fluids. He or she should take food, which does not cause any harm to the liver. Patients should avoid tea, coffee or any alcoholic beverages, which causes harm to liver. He or she takes adequate rest. He should not take any medicine which causes harm to liver. If patient is confused about taking medicine then he or she should consult a doctor. Techniques for growing HAV in cell culture have made it possible to generate sufficient amounts of virus for vaccine production. Several inactivated or live attenuated vaccines against hepatitis A have been developed, but only four inactivated hepatitis A vaccines are currently available internationally. All four vaccines are similar in terms of efficacy and side-effect profile. The vaccines are given parenterally, as a two-dose series, 6-18 months apart. The dose of vaccine,