Diseases Caused By The Protozoan Parasites Cryptosporidium Parvum And Toxoplasma Gondii

A decrepit, fungus infested, skeleton-man who’s both tormented and controlled by the reproductive organs of a parasitic fungal infection growing on his face. He hides in dark damp places, usually behind his victim’s toilets, muttering gibberish to himself and occasionally wailing out in bursts of intense pain. His victims mainly include children, who’s blood he ingests, then regurgitates back into the bloodstream imbued with infectious fungal spores. Shortly following infection, the victim may begin to display early flu-like symptoms. After about 4 days, several brown to black pigmented regions begin to appear in large patches on the skin and the flu-like symptoms intensify. At 5-6 days, foxfire may begin to emanate from the patches, along

The Life Cycle of Baylisascaris Procyonis Parasites have a complex and interesting life cycle. “A parasite is an organism that live on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, source 2). Some parasitic life forms have very short lives while others can live for years, even living in the harshest of conditions. When the word parasite is mentioned most people think of the water leech. While it is a parasite there are many more that most humans do not know about, and people should really pay more attention to and research all the different parasites there are. For instance, there is the roundworm also known as Baylisascaris procyonis. Although humans are not a definitive, or

Virulence factors of the causative agent: Trypansoma cruzi has components of antioxidant enzymes that can be found in at different subcellular compartments. These compartments defend the parasite against oxidative assaults. Trypomastigotes infect the cells and tissues making them into intracellular amastigotes.

Oocysts are able to survive and remain infectious for longer than even one year. This is dependent on the oocysts being in favourable conditions, that is to say a warm and humid environment.

Nature never ceases to amaze. Who would have thought that such a small and insignificant single celled organism can do so much? Who would have thought that this organism can affect our precious brains in a way that we can hardly detect? We previously thought that our brains cannot be controlled by anyone. T. Gondii took that assumption and blew it to pieces. T. Gondii is able to trick our bodies and our brains into doing what is best for it to survive. Toxoplasma Gondii is manipulating the behavior of people in Kuwait.

Cryptococcosis is the most common systemic fungal infection in cats. It is caused by the Cryptococcus neormans fungus and is found in soil and bird droppings throughout the world. Young cats are affected most often with about 50 percent of cases affecting the nasal passages. This is a serious infection that, if not quickly treated, can result in meningitis and death. Another 25 percent of the cases are cutaneous cryptococcosis. This condition produces swelling over the bridge pf the nose, face or neck. Outdoor cats are more likely to be infected as they prowl. Symptoms of neurologic cyrptococcosis can include

Toxoplasmosis gondii According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2013), Toxoplasmosis gondii is a single- celled parasite that causes a disease known as Toxoplasmosis. Most humans affected with this acute infection never know they have even come into contact with it because human’s immune systems are usually strong enough to fight off the infection. Most of the 60 million who are affected by this parasite are either pregnant women or someone with a compromised immune system.

The most known cause or reason that you can get Cryptosporidiosis is by digesting contaminated water, but also it can be spread by humans through sexual behavior (Jacqueline, 2015). A person can get infected with Cryptosporidiosis by digesting contaminated water, this can occur through drinking or swimming in infected water, swallowing or putting something infected in the mouth (such as fingers), being exposed to human feces through sexual contact , or by eating uncooked food (such as salad greens) that has been contaminated (John et al. 2012). Most people who experience significant symptoms from Cryptosporidiosis have an altered immune system, and suffer from diseases such as AIDS and cancer (Jaqueline, 2015). Due to a protective outer shell, Cryptosporidium can live outside of the body for several months and are very resistant to the chlorine-based disinfectants that are often used to treat water sources (GEEH, 2013).

manner, Santín and Trout (2007) shown that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in older animals is several times lower as compared to calves. The host age is an very important factor that influences the pathogenicity of Cryptosporidium, with calves being more susceptible to infection than adults

Cryptosporidium Parvum Objective The objective of this study is to examine the role of the pathogen, Cryptosporidium parvum in human health and disease and public health. Included will be the appropriate microscopic, cultivation and non-cultivation methods for the chosen pathogen and the application to clinical microbiology processing for that bacterium. Also examined will be human and microbe relationships and an analysis of the virulence factors of microorganism and host factors to types and outcomes with public health emphasized. Crytosporidium parvum in as infectious agent reported to have the following characteristics: (1) Coccidian protozoa; sporozoa; (3) sexual and asexual cycles in a single host; (4) sporotoites, tophozoites and merozoites all attach to epithelial cells (typically intestinal cells); and (5) mature oocyst contains four thin, flat motile sporozoites (204 by 6-8µm). (Public Health agency of Canada, 2013, p.1)

Histoplasmosis capsulatum is a fungus that is common in tropical and sub-tropical areas all over the globe, specifically North and Central America, eastern and southern Europe, and parts of Africa, eastern Asia, and Australia (Fayyaz). It thrives in confined humid spaces such as caves or mines and manifests in bat guano and bird droppings. Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, one species is hazardous to humans and the other, Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum. Histoplasmosis is the infection that develops once the fungus enters a human host. After the fungus enters the lungs it changes, becoming a parasitic yeast (Taylor). While not extremely dangerous, humans commonly get infected with Histoplasmosis by inhaling the airborne

Overview A cyclospora infection is caused by a single-celled parasite of the same name. The condition was first diagnosed in 1977, with the number of reports increasing in the following years. The parasite enters the body when a person consumes water or food, often in the form of fresh produce, which has been contaminated by an infected person. Anyone of any age can contract the parasite, although the organism is generally seen in people who live or often travel to countries in the tropical regions.

Schistomsoma mansoni Schistomsoma mansoni is a parasite that infects humans. First described by Sir Patrick Manson. It is a trematode, which is a parasite that is considered a fluke. It is an internal parasite of mollusks and humans. This parasite is the cause of the disease known as schistosomiasis. During the life cycle, the parasite has two different hosts that help its survival. The single intermediate host is the freshwater snail; this is where the parasite goes through many asexual reproductive stages. Then on to a definitive host, a human, where the parasite undergoes sexual reproduction. The parasite is long and slim like worm with a funnel shaped oral sucker with a second pediculate sucker. The outer layer of the parasite

Changes in Biodiversity Another potential variable that enormously improves the rise of new pathogens is the multiplication of new strains of the pathogens. Diverse strains of parasites act distinctively including their affectability to medications and this is the reason the medication safe strains of Plasmodium has prompted to the spread and increment pervasiveness of intestinal sickness. Various parasites have created distinctive strains with different possibilities including those that can make them make due in cruel situations and fast multiplication and down direction of host safe reactions.

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most interesting parasites known to date. It has a facultative heteroxenous life cycle and it can infect all warm-blooded animal including mammals, birds and humans. T. gondii is prevalent in most countries of the world and is of medical importance, because it may