Diseases and Immunization: Tetanus Infection

A Nairobi company has threatened to sue the government for failing to pay Sh13.8 million for tests on the controversial tetanus and polio vaccines.

Vaccinations can be administered shortly after birth and are recommended into adulthood. The first dose of the Hepatitis B (Hep B) vaccine is typically given shortly after birth but may be given at one or two months of age. Hepatitis is a disease effecting the liver and can be life threatening. By two months of age physicians recommend the second dose of Hep B along with the first dose of the rotavirus, diphtheria, tetanus toxoids and pertussis (TDaP), hemophilus influenza type B (Hib), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).

“In California has already sickened more than 5,270 infants and killed nine, in 2010, the highest record since 1955.” (Steven Reinberg, HealthDay 2010) CDC recommends that, “all adults 18-64 in contact with infants or working in health care receive a TDap within two years of their last tetanus vaccination, and that other adults in the same age range be offered the vaccine 10 years or more after their last tetanus shot.” (CDC, 2011)

Immunizations are an important thing to get to protect your babies and children from contracting and spreading diseases. According to the California Department of Public Health, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccinations are more than 97% effective in preventing measles (California Department of Public Health 2015). Erwin Chemerinsky is an American lawyer and law professor. Michelle Goodwin is a lawyer and has a medical background. This supports the claim by stating the effectiveness of receiving the vaccination. It has been shown to be affective when receiving the immunization. This information will support my argument using logos.

Vaccination and health issues are a very broad and controversial topic for any culture. Due to lack of healthcare, access to vaccinations, and malnutrition the mortality rate among children under the age of five in India is increasing. Compared to the United States the numbers are very different since the death rate of children under five has been decreasing. The purpose of this paper is to explain the Indian culture and their situation with the lack of vaccinations, malnutrition, and healthcare.

Jawlock, also called Tetanus, is distinct among other diseases prevented by vaccination because it cannot be transferred from person to person like rabies. You can’t receive Tetanus from someone who has it, therefore it is not contagious. Tetanus happens when someone gets a dirty cut that contains a bacteria called Clostridium tetani. The spores in this bacteria grow into a strong toxic called tetanospasmin that damages your muscles and causes stiffness leading to Tetanus. The incubation time can be anywhere from 24 hours to months depending on the cut; but the standard time is 7–10 days. The location of the injury affects the incubation time, if the wound is further from the central nervous system, then the incubation period will be longer. The yearly number of deaths caused by tetanus is 800,000 to 1,000,000.

TdaP is a vaccine that protect from tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis.TdaP is cause by bacteria. TdaP is an inactive vaccine. Diphtheria and pertussis is spread from person to person through secretions from coughing or sneezing. Tetanus goes in the body through open areas such as cuts, wounds or scratches. This vaccine is given to adolescents and adults. This vaccine is very important for pregnant women to protect baby from whooping cough and healthcare workers that work with babies less than 12 monts.Tetanus cause painful muscle tightening and stiffness usually all over the body. It could lead to tightening of muscles in the head and neck where it’s difficult to open the mouth to breathe or swallow. Diphtheria can cause

Are vaccinations important and worth the risks? This is an age-old question that many people have asked since the creation of immunizations. Early last century, diseases like whooping cough, measles, and polio affected hundreds of thousands of people, killing thousands every year. According to the CDC, “More than 15,000 Americans died from diphtheria in 1921.” A vaccine was formulated for this disease, and since then there has only been one reported case in 2004. The vaccine for rubella has achieved the same results. The CDC stated that, “An epidemic of rubella (German measles) in 1964-65 infected 12½ million Americans, killed 2,000

Immunisation has strongly integrated into medicine today, Vaccines and immunisations play a vital role in keeping us healthy. They are one of the most convenient and safest preventive care measures available. Every year approximately fifty thousand adults die from preventable diseases. Although many mothers still opt not to vaccinate their children due to complaints and claims of supposed specific effects of vaccines. Getting vaccinated is highly important because it provides protection for the individuals and also for those who cannot be vaccinated due to biological genetic reasons and for the younger babies due to their age. The government has implemented a new plan ‘no jab no pay’. Parents of children up to the age of 19 years who are

Many people believe that vaccinations are harmful to human beings because they either do not work well enough or in some cases, such as the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination, they may be related to autism. They also may be harmful because of the side effects including soreness, redness, or swelling. However, those are very minor side effects and very common in any vaccine. Others believe that vaccinations are very important to get because they could save someone’s life. There is not any proven fact that vaccinations could be a factor of autism, there are only assumptions being made to this. Parents either want their kids to get vaccinated or want absolutely nothing to do with vaccinations. Even though vaccines have minor side effects and have controversial issues such as autism, there is no evidence for the issue; therefore vaccines are very important because it can prevent diseases from occurring and in some cases, death.

Nonetheless, the vaccination process is safe and effective. Vaccines undergo extensive review by medical scientist, doctors, and federal government officials to insure that they are safe for humans. When children don’t receive these vaccines, they can succumb to more serious health complications, which includes paralysis of limbs, hearing loss, brain damage, and even death. Along with those risks, a unvaccinated child going out in public can possibly expose diseases to other children who are too young to receive vaccines or individuals with weakened immune systems. When the health industry has large professional associations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Centers for Disease Control

There are few issues that divide parents and families with such intensity as government-mandated vaccinations. The fact is, vaccinations have been performed for many years and are known to keep us safe from sickness and diseases that can cause serious illness or even death. Vaccination is designed to strengthen the body’s immune system and protect it from infections. They work by putting a small amount of a disease germ into the body using a needle or inhaler. Having this small amount of germ in your body makes your immune system build antibodies to fight off the disease if you were to be exposed. Vaccines are the safe way to build antibodies without having to tolerate the disease itself and the potential of becoming disabled or even dying. Antibodies can remain in the body throughout our lives and will recall how to fight off the sickness so that if the real germ enters your body at a later date, your immune system will defend it. Most vaccines prevent only one disease, yet others are combined to protect from multiple diseases such as the MMR vaccine which defends against Rubella, Mumps and Measles all in one shot.

According to the National Network for Immunization Information (NNii), “Before vaccines became widely used, infectious diseases killed thousands of children and adults each year in the United States.” (National Network for Immunization Information, 2010) I believe that this visual aid shows my main point in that vaccine do prevent illness, death and have eradicated some diseases.

Early symptoms may include but are not limited to: runny nose, low-grade lingering fever, coughing, and apnea. That may not sound very bad but because pertussis in its early stages appears to be more like the common cold, it is often not diagnosed until the more severe symptoms appear. Pertussis can also cause violent coughing until the air is gone from the lungs. This extreme coughing can result in throwing up and exhaustion. The first pertussis vaccine was developed in the 1930s. The vaccine was in full use by the mid-1940s.

What is a vaccination? Why are they so important ? A vaccination is a live virus administered into the body to build immunity against deadly diseases. When a child is little and is exposed to a disease their bodies are not strong enough to fight it off and can make them very sick. Before vaccination came into play children would get diseases such as pertussis(whooping cough),polio,diphtheria, and tetanus, all of these being extremely deadly.Why would someone want to give a young child these deadly viruses? Studies have shown that no medicine is perfect but most childhood vaccines produce immunity about 90 - 100% of the time.(vaccines) Before vaccinations were invented people were only living 50-60 years, they now are living 20-25 years longer. How does this protect those who physically can not have vaccinations? Vaccinations protect those who can not be vaccinated, whether is be from a disease they are already fighting, chemo / radiation, and being allergic. All of those being reasons to hope others get their vaccinations. Vaccinations not only protect children from harmful diseases, but also those who can not be vaccinated.