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Disillusionment In Ernest Hemingway'sThe Sun Also Rises?

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The years following the First World War saw an increase in the number of American expatriates in Europe. These expatriates were left disillusioned by the horrors and losses that they witnessed and sustained during the war. Traditional values and morals were no longer important, and romantic ideals became obsolete. The effects of this disillusionment can be seen in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, a novel that revolves around the relationships and characters of a group of expatriates on vacation in Spain for the Running of the Bulls Festival. Out of all of these characters, only one has not become disillusioned with these traditional values: Robert Cohn. Robert Cohn has lost most of his inheritance, has been divorced by his wife, and has lost possession of his three children. Cohn has lost his money and his family due to his personal shortcomings, while the others have lost their health, happiness, and optimism as a result of the war. This results in Cohn’s coping mechanisms to his losses being optimistic, while the veterans all have self-destructive tendencies. Through this, one can draw the conclusion that Hemingway uses Cohn to compare coping mechanisms originating from sadness that is a result of loss from war to sadness that originates from personal loss. Jake clearly expresses his disdain for Robert Cohn in the first two chapters of The Sun Also Rises. Throughout the rant that spans approximately twenty pages, Jake’s descriptions of Cohn’s tendencies and

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