Disparities In Cardiac Arrest

Acute-decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is one of the most frequent diagnoses in patients who attend emergency departments (EDs) worldwide, especially in Western countries1,2. In Spain, ADHF constitutes the leading cause of medical hospitalization through EDs3. Despite the substantial resource and economic implications of hospitalization, the final decision of emergency physicians to admit ADHF patients mainly relies on their subjective and personal clinical experience rather than on objective-supported evidence4,5. This decision is complex and challenging, as a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from minor forms of decompensation to life-threatening illness can be observed in ADHF, and these are often complicated by the presence

In the United States out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a common occurrence among adults. In 2013, according to the American Heart Association (AHA), 359,400 individuals suffered from OHCA with an overall survival rate of 9.5% (AHA, 2014). Even with rapid chain-of-survival initiation, (i.e. immediate recognition of cardiac arrest, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early defibrillation, effective advanced life support, and post cardiac care) mortality following OHCA remains elevated (Lee & Cone, 2014). In the chain of survival, the post resuscitation period is thought to be the missing link. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is one such post resuscitative

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a new best practice, the necessary steps for implementing the new practice, and support this change in practice with current literature. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines regarding patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) seek to reduce variation in practice and improve outcomes for this patient population (O 'Gara et al., 2013). Current evidence-based practice includes immediate reperfusion therapy to the involved coronary artery in this patient population. However, it is often challenging for emergency department nurses to implement the initial steps of this evidence-based practice, which includes obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram within ten minutes of arrival, as some patients present with symptoms other than chest pain, or atypical symptoms. For instance, atypical presentations include shortness of breath, altered mental status, upper extremity pain, upper back pain, generalized weakness, and abdominal pain (Glickman et al., 2012). Ultimately, this results in delays of reperfusion therapy.

Survivors of cardiac arrest often suffer from neurological damage when oxygen to the brain is depleted. This ischemia to the brain can cause lesions or damaged areas; which can effect any part of the body that is controlled by that portion of the brain. Decreasing the body temperature of a patient has shown to be effective in decreasing the amount of damage to the brain. Therapeutic hypothermia may be a reasonable treatment for patients following cardiac arrest due to its ability to decrease the impact of ischemia; reducing the number of lesions to the brain and possibly reducing the patient mortality rate. This paper will discuss the benefits, risks, and Mercy Hospital 's protocol for using therapeutic hypothermia following a cardiac arrest.

Patients who are suffering from cardiac arrests and neurologic outcomes have a high chance of needing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Efficient use of both hands-only CPR versus breathing and hand use CPR may improve their survival chances and boost their neurologic outcomes when they undergo any form of an attack. The hands-only CPR versus breathing and hand use CPR training programs assist nurses, and the public on the treatment criteria to efficiently handle patients with cardiac arrests emergencies, resulting in an increase of the cardiac arrests survival rates for many patients across the world (Lamboy & Donohue, 2015).

Yearly, the adult population suffers over 350,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in the United States (Go et al., 2012). Prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) is involved with about 60% of these cardiac arrests (CA) (Go et al., 2012). EMS frequently transports these patients to the emergency department (ED) without return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Of those transported without ROSC it is not unusual to pronounce the time of death shortly after arrival in the ED. The ED then must allot resources to complete the protocols after a death. Additionally, the patient’s family now has a bill for ED services, even if the patient arrived dead.

In the medical and in the EMS field, research is conducted as information obtained from every day emergencies is gathered and analyzed in an effort to improve patient care. Data obtained from the EMS fields has revealed two essential outcomes for the EMS field: administration of Nitroglycerin on patients with right ventricular involvement cardiac issues, and backboard immobilization of patients. Over the years, the cardiac guidelines has been for paramedics to administer Nitroglycerin (NTG) to cardiac patients except patients whose EKG findings show right ventricular involvement to avoid hypotension and avoid complications; however, new research suggests the opposite. Research has shown a very small percentile difference on hypotension

The sudden cardiac arrest is a growing healthcare problem in many growing nations. According to the survey done by blah blah 1878 out of hospital cardiac arrest. Such deaths are frequently related to cardiac arrhythmias. Among the different arrhythmia, the ventricular tachyarrhythmia is life-threatening and need an immediate diagnosis. If such lethal arrhythmias can be detected early, it could save the life of one-third patient suffering from them.

Around 610,000 individuals pass away of Heart sickness in the U.S. consistently. This sickness guarantees more lives than all types of cancers joined. Every sixty seconds somebody in the U.S. dies from a coronary illness related event. The most ordinary kind of coronary illness is coronary illness (CHD). Consistently around 735,000 Americans have a heart attack a year. During 2008-2010, passing rates because of coronary illness were most astounding in the South and least in the West. Somebody has a heart attack every thirty four seconds. Anybody including children can create coronary illness (Heart disease facts). This sickness is nothing to dismiss about or simply ignore, it is something important. These understandings demonstrate that you ought not to underestimate life and love the ones around you additionally carry on with your life without

All patients’ post-cardiac arrest has risks associated ICU level of care such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia, debilitation, PE, depression, and so on. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) is a unique condition that is associated with CA. It is an umbellar term for the major complications for complications that are directly associated with CA, which include brain injury, cardiac dysfunction, and systemic inflammatory response (SIRS). Ischemia related injuries are the pathogenesis of all the complication. And, the physiological response these complications can overlap. For instance, tachycardia can be caused by cardiac dysfunction and SIRS.

The process of resuscitating a patient after cardiac arrest depend on what type of dysthymia they are presenting with. The first action that the nurse should take is check for the patients’ consciousness. If the patient is unresponsive and the nurse cannot feel a pulse, usually the carotid pulse, the nurse should initiate a code without leaving the patients side. After initiating the code the nurse should start compressions. Compressions are a one-person job until additional help arrives. Once additional help arrives that person should manage the patients airway by performing a head-tilt or chin-lift maneuver to use the bag-mask device to administer 100% O2, (15 L O2 ). When we use the bag-mask device we want to make sure that it is covering the patients nose and mouth to ensure proper

Project goal: Promotion of the cardiac chain of survival which includes early recognition and initiation of CPR and the delivery of an electrical shock to the heart within 3-5 minutes.

After going into cardiac arrest and receiving successful CPR it doesn’t stop there. Follow ups along with many other treatments such as; drug therapy, check ups, and the healing of any fractures or damage to vital organs (Stern Strategy Group). People should have a say in whether they want to live the rest of their lives constantly going back to see doctors and doing intense healing and therapy.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains a critical situation with high mortality despite improvements in resuscitation procedures and responses(Lin et al., 2010). In Australia and around the world, many patients suffer cardiac arrest but a lot of them do not respond to the conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 5herefore there is a growing interest in using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) to provide cardiopulmonary support during in hospital cardiac arrest after conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has failed to establish an adequate circulation with the goal of promoting survival in select adults (Stub et al., 2015; Thiagarajan

In 2014, heart disease remains the leading cause of death while cardiac arrest is one of the most devastating conditions patients and their families have to face. Despite all efforts to elucidate management of cardiac arrest and implementation of advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) survival rates post cardiac arrest remains at 23.9 % in adults and 40.2% in children, respectively (AHA, 2012). Nurses undergo extensive ACLS training every two years and while algorithms, administration of emergency drugs, and procedures seem to be followed appropriately, rationales are often not well understood. While some studies show evidence of short-term outcome advantage, insufficient evidence exists regarding administration of ACLS drugs and improved long-term outcome. In this paper pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, adverse effects of ACLS drugs, and anticipated long-term adverse effects of intervention drugs post cardiac arrest are being discussed. Lastly, drug-drug interaction of ACLS drugs with commonly used cardiac medications will be discussed. In the case study of JG, the patient went into cardiac arrest on the way to the hospital and he was pronounced after a full code had been performed for three hours. The cause of cardiac arrest in regards to heart rhythm is