Distributed Applications & Web Services - Literature Review Essay

(1) When attacked, a decentralized organization tends to become even more open and decentralized. An example of this principle is when MGM a filed a lawsuit against Napster a decentralized organization, that caused the later to file for bankruptcy, but this incident did not stop people downloading music for free. A more decentralized Kazaa emerges and millions of free music were copied and downloaded (p.21).

Why would you use http or ftp instead of bit torrent for downloading large files? == you would use ftp because it does not have client authorization needed, and you would use http because it connects directly to a server to download when with bit torrent uses more TCP connections which can be blocked by firewalls..

sharing workload in KaZaA [8] and [18], to our knowledge we are the ¯rst to undertake

The way Napster worked is by searching other peers "shared" files. Let's say that someone was searching for any song by the band Metallica, the search would report back what is available to be downloaded. Once you double-click on that first mp3 that you would like to download, you officially become "fair game" for the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). After the birth of Napster, there was an explosion of programs that tried to leech off their fame. The next big thing comes when a new and more efficient program to share files emerges. During 2002, a program called BitTorrent arises. This program revolutionized peer-to-peer downloading for many reasons. First and foremost, because of the percentage of broadband users, downloading a music file has become an extremely quick and painless task. Using Napster with a phone-line connection, it would take an average of half an hour to download one song. With BitTorrent and the increase of broadband users, it takes a matter of minutes (if even) to download the entire album. But why is BitTorrent so successful? BitTorrent's successfulness is attributed to the method users share their files. Instead of downloading the file from one user, BitTorrent breaks up the file into thousands of pieces and takes a part of the file from each user that is willing to share it. For example, let's say that there are 10 other peers downloading the T.V. show Lost, 11

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have had a staggering growth in the past few years. Since Napster, dozens of P2P networks have been created in its imitation. Due to the growing accessibility of broadband, which increases the speed of downloads, P2P networks generate nearly 1.8 billion downloads per month. Popularity and acceptance is still continually growing.

Many users uses nonparallel internet access which often causes maximum upload rate to be way lower that the expected rate and often data uploading is easily clogged because of acknowledgements which increases the time taken for a download to complete. It is normal for a user to want a file as

Peer to Peer file sharing networks are dangerous and pose many threats to those who choose to use them. While we know that p2p traffic consumes almost 70% of all internet traffic and in March 2014 there were 31.7 million unique ip’s using these networks (P2P Still Ranks, 2014.) These networks are popular for making popular and copyrighted content available, much of the activity that takes place on these networks is either sensitive or illegal which is why developers have gone a long way to make these networks and their users as difficult to track and anonymous as possible. Current p2p software such as BitTorrent use protocols that make it very difficult to determine where traffic is going or coming from (not difficult enough though.) While malicious activity and attacks through these networks has been improved upon in recent years, p2p

Web service is a communication between two electronic device.it provides network address over the web. web service is also called as utility computing.

It differs from client-server downloads (the standard “save as” protocol you see in web browsers, for instance) in that it does not access a server and download a file that is directly stored on that server. It differs from other peer-to-peer (distributed) protocols, such as the original iteration of Napster or the newer Kazaa, by using a truly distributed means of finding the trackers.

The author of this paper focusses on developping a model for computer systems research. He presents data to show that the merit of the paper is dependent on variability between reviewers and is zipf distributed. The author proves, with the help of game theory, that with noisy reviews and zipf merrit, the authors have an incentive to sumit the papers too early and too often which makes the conference reviewing and systems research as a whole less efficient. The popularity of peer to peer systems are reflects its potential to provide scalable performance and high degree of robustness for a variety of applications. This paper focusses on another peer to peer system, the systems research community since there are many similarities between system research community and peer-peer system. They lack central control. Progress occurs through the individual researchers interacting through the conference publication system.

The service is capable of handling video streaming and file/software distribution. The service has a trade secret for delivering dynamic

Through this paper, I will attempt to prove that the social norms of the Internet public were corrupted by code, by deceptive P2P programs that mask reality for the sake of prosperity. It is this

Today many people use bit torrent technology to share music, movies, software applications and more. Large Amounts of these files contained

Aim of this report is to identify nature, quality and characteristics of different platforms available such as Peer-to-Peer, Client Server, and virtualization architecture to establish a communication network between computers in relation with administration, security and usability.

Abstract— In today 's applications, a server generally limits the permitted transfer speed to one-I P location. This can enthusiastically slow the speed of the downloading process and decrease the unwavering quality of exchanging an expansive document in the perspective of one singular user. With a specific end goal to enhance speed of the downloading process for a specific customer, we consider the utilization of various intermediaries to offer the