Introduction
This unit will focus on DNA, gene expression, and basic patterns of heredity. The main objective of this unit is to provide opportunities for students to learn general concepts that are associated with genetics and to create a better understanding of inheritance and its’ relationship to genetic diseases. According to standards set by the Next Generation Science Standards which are endorsed by the National Science Teachers Association, students should be able to analyze and interpret data to provide evidence that plants and animals have traits inherited from parents and that variation of these traits exists in a group of similar organisms. Additionally, students should be able to ask questions to clarify the role of DNA and chromosomes have in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring (NGSS, 2016). Students should have the opportunity to learn how genetics affects past generations as well as learn how genetics and inheritance influences our past, present, and future. Understanding even the simplest genetic cross requires combining inferences about two complex processes: how genetic traits are inherited through meiosis and mating, and how these traits interact to produce the external differences seen in parents and offspring. Students should also have opportunities to learn the basic concepts of genetics that provide an increased understanding of heredity, DNA, and specifically genetic diseases (MDE, 2010). The ultimate
---If given traits and parents, be able to use a Punnett square or patterns to predict the probability of offspring for a given cross and express it as a fraction, percent, or ratio.---
Genetics is a captivating but difficult subject for students. Lab experiments like ‘Gummy Bear Genetics’ can aid in needed areas of genetics. Student can often observe the phenotypes in gummy bears, but when trying to visualize which parental genes that are represented in a cross-bred first (F1) generation can be challenging. In this experiment, students worked in small groups to determine the parental (P) generations of 196 gummy bears. The gummy bear candy appealed to student appetites and the chosen phenotypic characteristic were easy to choose because gummy bears come in numerous colors (red, green, orange, yellow and colorless). Students will be able to establish which genetic information, including genotype, phenotype, dominant traits, and recessive traits, were passed from the P generation to the F1 generation
It is rather unusual to read or watch documentaries detailing atrocities against mankind and come away with hope and faith. The compelling and heartfelt story of Vertus Hardiman “A hole in the head” has inspired and received praise from professional groups across the country. “Hole in the head: A life revealed” is a heartfelt story which encompass injustice and forgiveness, reflecting the unbelievable strength of an individual who endured severe tragedy through the power of faith and personal philosophy. Watching this documentary raise important ethnical issues which by the way, isn’t the idea or theme of this paper. The story of Vertus Hardiman represents another chronicle of injustice carried out on the African-American community in the US. I am currently studying Pharmacology which involves mechanism for drug action and lots of clinical trials before new drugs are place on the market, after watching the documentary I couldn’t help but to think about the notion that African Americans or other diverse populations are less willing to participate in medical research. Having learnt about stories of horrifying experiences with clinical trials such as in the cause of Vertus Hardiman , Lyles Station radiation experiments, and the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in African American male, common knowledge would dictate mistrust as a source for reluctance to get involved with Clinical trials.
5. Explain at least one potential implication for the genetic diagnosis of traits such as
The simple writing style and lightness of the somewhat delicate topic makes this book a fantastic read that can be enjoyed by a range of people. Experts in the subject field of biogenetics and curious high school kids can both appreciate this book for what it is; and insightful, fascinating, fresh look at the world of biogenetics and what it can mean for you personally. I say personally because scientists have com to
Genetic inheritance is a study field that presents twists and turns. Time reveals new discoveries about how other factors affects inheritance. The new discoveries will offer clarity to the issues of heredity and why certain people are different, yet they have identical genes. The documentary “Ghost in Your Genes “ expound on the subject of varying inheritance patterns.
If Aunt Muriel and Uncle Charles both have blue eyes, could their brand new baby have brown eyes? Answer this question and so much more as BrickLAB bricks guide demonstration and examination of the fascinating world of genetics and heredity. Each day, students build model families to tour the concepts of heredity, construct strands of DNA and review the basics of human inheritance. Through 12 hands-on activities, watch as the intricate coding of genes and the impacts of DNA mutations come to life. With BrickLAB Genetics, students assemble a comprehensive view of the special and distinct processes that make up the world around them!
Sex linkage and inherited genes allow us to predict and understand how and why certain animals and plants inherit features from their parents while some don’t. Sex linkage is the condition in which a
The foundation of genetics lies with the principles that Gregor Mendel outlined after his experiments with pea plants where he discovered the relationship between physical characteristics, or phenotype, and genetic traits, or genotype. This experiment aimed to reproduce Mendel’s results with the Brassica rapa plant, noted for it’s fast generation time, and anthocyanin, a purple pigment that can be visually tracked through subsequent generations. It is important for experiments resulting in scientific discovery to be replicable and peer reviewed. Since Mendelian genetics are the foundation of scientific education, including answering questions about
Offspring differ somewhat from their parents and from one another. Instructions for development are passed from parents to offspring in thousands of discrete genes, each of which is now known to be a segment of a molecule of DNA. This essay will explore some of the reasons behind how and why these differences in appearance arise, from the base sequence of DNA through to the observed phenotype.
Combining Genes During sexual reproduction, an egg cell and a sperm cell each contribute one gene for a trait Each gene for a single trait is called an allele The process in which sperm and egg cells form is called meiosis During meiosis, the chromosomes in existing egg and sperm cells replicate and divide Meiosis results in four separate cells, each with half the number of chromosomes the origin cells had During fertilization, egg cell chromosomes and the sperm cell chromosomes combine to form an offspring with a full set of paired chromosomes Each offspring results from sexual reproduction is unique because each sperm cell and egg cell is unique D. influencing traits An organism's genotype is its complete set of gene The traits expressed by the genotype can be influenced by an organism's environment How a trait appears, or is expressed, is called the trait’s phenotype Phenotypes result from the interaction between an organism’s genes and its environment Nutrients can cause dramatic changes in the phenotypes of plants and animals
The FDA plays a very prominent role in everyone’s lives whether people realize it or not. The role of the Food and Drug Administration is to put regulations in place in order to keep the population safe from disease, like ones that come from contamination of meat in slaughterhouses. The problem of contamination of meat often originates from a lack of cleanliness in slaughterhouses and stockyards, which is something that stockyards and slaughterhouses lacked much of in the book Devil in the White City.
Another argument to players being paid is that players are able to get away certain infractions that regular students can’t. Many people view this as compensation for being in a sports program at college. There have been various examples throughout college sports programs, football in particular where academics have taken a back-seat and players have abused the system. A red-shirt freshmen was dismissed from Alabama for allegedly using credit cards that were stolen by his teammates (Scarbough). These incidents have become common place among universities that have popular sports programs. The student-athletes generally receive little to no punishment for their actions. I would have to agree that players do receive preferential treatment while
There has been a lot of scientific research done into genetics, genetic crosses and inheritance enabling us to understand why we have the certain characteristics and traits that we do, how we inherited them and how we can pass them on. It’s because of this research that we can understand and learn about our genetic makeup and why it effects the way we are.
Each organism, cell or individual receives a pair of chromosomes from each one of the parents during development. Alleles are the genes found inside the chromosomes and consist of numerous variations such as eye color and hair color as well as many other variations. The alleles aid in the genetic makeup of a cell, organism or individual. The genetic makeup is referred to as genotype and may carry dominant or recessive genes as well as certain diseases. An individual’s limitations and hereditary character are determined by the genotype. A genotype is responsible for determining which traits are developed in an individual and play a huge role in developing an individual’s phenotype.