Do You Agree With Skinner's Explanation Of Coincidental Reinforcement?

Life is full of superstition, whether you like it or not everybody has some sort of superstition in them. Some people don’t let some things go to their head like others do. Some people can get really stubborn if something suspicious happens. I am one of them people, it is really hard to get suspicion out of your head, it is one of them things that once you do it, it is hard to not have those thoughts in your head. And in the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn you will see the cause and effects of the use of suspicion. The main character, Huck Finn, used superstition as a means to keep him going in search of his true self and find interesting ways to live life the only way he knew.

Is being addicted to drugs just an effect from doing them or is it simply a choice that is made? Drugs have been and still are a part of our world and have been popularized since the 1960s. A drug is a substance which has a psychological effect when ingested into the body. The use of drug addiction can vary depending on the person. For example, it could be out of curiosity, peer pressure, to change their performance around others, reducing stress or depression. In chapter 7 “Rat Park” of Slater’s book Opening Skinner’s Box gives us a brief discussion about figuring how to get people who are hooked on drugs a way out, through the process of using rats in two different experiments. Furthermore, in the article The Likely Cause of Addiction Has Been

Superstition flourishes within cultures through story-telling, which is powerful because stories can be passed from generations to generations. In our culture today, superstitions like Friday the 13th, knocking on wood, crossing our fingers, are popular and

       Likewise, in the essays, "New Superstitions for Old" by Margaret Mead and "Superstitious Minds" by Letty Cottin Pogrebin discussed the superstitious beliefs possessed by individuals as well as the ritual practices that followed with these superstitions. Margaret Mead and Letty Cottin Pogrebin noted every

The word superstition is often used very loosely, and should first be defined, before being used. “Derived from super 'above', and stare 'to stand', the Latin Superstitio signifies a 'standing over' or 'survival', describing an irrational or a credulous

Burrhus Frederic (B.F.) Skinner was born on March 20, 1904. Skinner lived 86 years passing away on August 18, 1990. He was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania to William and Grace Skinner. His father was a lawyer, while his mother stayed home to care for Skinner and his younger brother. Skinner being 18 lost his 16-year-old brother of a cerebral hemorrhage. At a young age, Skinner showed an interest in building different gadgets and contraptions.

According to Gewirtz and Peláez-Nogueras (1992), “B. F. Skinner contributed a great deal to advancing an understanding of basic psychological processes and to the applications of science-based interventions to problems of individual and social importance.” He contributed to “human and nonhuman behavior, including human behavioral development, and to various segments of the life span, including human infancy” (p. 1411). One of Skinner's greatest scientific discoveries was “single reinforcement” which became sufficient for “operant conditioning, the role of extinction in the discovery of intermittent schedules, the development of the method of shaping by successive approximation, and Skinner's break with and rejection of stimulus-response

Horoscopes, like the one presented to the right, is one of the most commonly known connections to real -life superstition; horoscopes are used to forecast someone’s future. Another superstition that has been around for a long time, is the superstition that if one is to find a four-leafed clover, then they are granted with good luck. The most renowned superstition that is most commonly known in America is, the superstition of Friday the 13th. If the 13th of any month is to land on a Friday it is known as bad luck. People purposely skip any important events on this day (like meetings, socials, banquets, etc.) just to make sure that they are not cursed with bad

We all make mistakes and we all have done something unethical but sometimes there is no excuse for such an act and it is up to us as human beings to make a conscious effort to change that so we avoid the consequences of failing to.

The difference between skinner and Watson is that skinner uses conditioning on the subjects as animals to see their reactions like he did in The Skinners box. He then later on would see how it would affect them in the long run.” Classical conditioning begins with an existing stimulus-response association. For example, some people cringe whenever they see a spider” (Jerry M. Burger, 2015, pg.348). When not seeing anything that scares you, you will be perfectly fine but when something such as the spider that you fear you will react to it and change. The spider is the stimulus and you being scared or cringing is the response to be

Skinner successfully developed a behaviourist approach that allows him to explain and treat someone with OCD. Using the systematic desensitisation to gradually introduce someone to their phobia that results in them having OCD. However, Skinner does not consider the thoughts that might be involved in psychological problems. Cognitive theory takes this into consideration thus attempting to change these thoughts.

Behaviorism is by far one of the most interesting fields of psychology in my opinion. B.F. Skinner’s view on behaviorism was that a person’s actions are controlled by rewards and punishments. Relating this to a real life situation, a great example of this would be a parent and a child.

My sister does not like clean her room, so she would not clean her room for months.

One of the most prominent and influential psychologists of the twentieth century, B.F. Skinner was known as a behavioral psychologist, philosopher of science, and an educational innovator. Throughout his life he did experimental work with animals to discover how patterns of behavior are learned. His initial work was primarily conducted with animals, and later in life he started to work with humans and apply his learning from his pigeon studies to human behavior. He focused on the individual and wrote about how to restructure social systems to improve the quality of life.

What is superstition? According to The Little Oxford Dictionary, superstition is "belief in the existence or power of the supernatural; irrational fear of the unknown; a religion or practice based on such tendencies; widely held but wrong idea." Let us examine that definition in depth. First, there is "belief in the existence or power of the supernatural". This means that there is believed to be some force that can influence the events on the Earth. Second, there is "irrational fear of the unknown." This has been endemic to the human race since the early days when a cave man did not know if that cave was safe to enter or if he would be attacked by a bear. Third, "a religion or practice based on such tendencies." This is the belief